Edit History
Cephalomanes rigidum (Sw.) K.Iwats. [family HYMENOPHYLLACEAE]
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Cephalomanes rigidum (Sw.) K.Iwats. [family HYMENOPHYLLACEAE]
Common names
Trichomanes cupressoides Desv. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 330 (1927). Type: Habitat in insulis Séchelles, sine coll. s.n. (P, holo.). Trichomanes dregei Bosch in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 372 (1859). Type: Transkei, Lusikisiki, Drège s.n. (?P, holo.; BM, iso.).
rigidum = stiff or inflexible
Vernacular names: Rigid filmy fern; Groot vliesvaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants terrestrial or epilithic. Rhizome short-decumbent, closely branched, to 2 mm in diameter, closely set with hairs, hairs crustaceous, atrocastaneus, basally attached, pluricellular, uniseriate, to 1 mm long. Fronds caespitose, erect, closely spaced, to 3 mm apart, to 350 mm long; stipe black, terete, narrowly winged along the entire length, to 185 mm long, to 1.2 mm in diameter, sparsely haired, hairs crustaceous, ventrally attached, subulate, 2 to 3-celled, to 0.3 mm long; lamina anadromous, to 3-pinnate, lanceolate, ovate, or narrowly elliptic, to 165 mm long, to 85 mm wide, with up to 17 pinna pairs; rachis terete, narrowly winged, sparsely set with hairs similar to those on the stipe; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 1 mm long, thinly herbaceous, opposite to alternate, usually slightly overlapping, to 2-pinnate, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, to 57 mm long, to 17 mm wide, with up to 9 pinnule pairs; pinna-rachis narrowly winged, sparsely set with hairs similar to those on the stipe; pinnules alternate, sessile, spaced or slightly overlapping, 1-pinnate, lanceolate, narrowly trullate, or oblong, to 15 mm long, to 5 mm wide; segments narrowly rhomboid to oblong, to 4 mm long, to 2 mm wide, lobed, lobes to 0.3 mm wide, acute, entire. Venation anadromous, evident, ending near the margin. Sori borne on acroscopic anadromous vein branches of the pinnules; involucres turbinate, mouth slightly dilated, to 1.5 mm deep, lobes truncate to obtuse; receptacle protrudes far, to 4 mm long. Sporangium sessile, annulus oblique, complete, with (16-)18(-20) indurated annulus cells, stomium 2- to 5-celled. Spores green, spheroidal, trilete, 33 x 43 µm. Figure 12L & M.
Habitat
Ecology: Terrestrial or epilithic, confined to permanently moist stream banks, and rocks in light or deep shade in evergreen forests. Not edaphically bound. Hemicryptophyte, mesophyte; fronds mesophytic, poikilohydrous. Vegetative reproduction by the branched rhizome resulting in the formation of small clonal stands. Seasonal pattern probably nonexistent, fertile material collected in May.
Range
Distribution: In Swaziland the species is currently known from the Mdzimba mountains only, occurring at an altitude of ±1 300 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, the western Indian Ocean region and tropical America.
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Cephalomanes rigidum (Sw.) K.Iwats. [family HYMENOPHYLLACEAE]
Common names
Trichomanes cupressoides Desv. in Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 330 (1927). Type: Habitat in insulis Séchelles, sine coll. s.n. (P, holo.). Trichomanes dregei Bosch in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 372 (1859). Type: Transkei, Lusikisiki, Drège s.n. (?P, holo.; BM, iso.).
rigidum = stiff or inflexible
Vernacular names: Rigid filmy fern; Groot vliesvaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants terrestrial or epilithic. Rhizome short-decumbent, closely branched, to 2 mm in diameter, closely set with hairs, hairs crustaceous, atrocastaneus, basally attached, pluricellular, uniseriate, to 1 mm long. Fronds caespitose, erect, closely spaced, to 3 mm apart, to 350 mm long; stipe black, terete, narrowly winged along the entire length, to 185 mm long, to 1.2 mm in diameter, sparsely haired, hairs crustaceous, ventrally attached, subulate, 2 to 3-celled, to 0.3 mm long; lamina anadromous, to 3-pinnate, lanceolate, ovate, or narrowly elliptic, to 165 mm long, to 85 mm wide, with up to 17 pinna pairs; rachis terete, narrowly winged, sparsely set with hairs similar to those on the stipe; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 1 mm long, thinly herbaceous, opposite to alternate, usually slightly overlapping, to 2-pinnate, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, to 57 mm long, to 17 mm wide, with up to 9 pinnule pairs; pinna-rachis narrowly winged, sparsely set with hairs similar to those on the stipe; pinnules alternate, sessile, spaced or slightly overlapping, 1-pinnate, lanceolate, narrowly trullate, or oblong, to 15 mm long, to 5 mm wide; segments narrowly rhomboid to oblong, to 4 mm long, to 2 mm wide, lobed, lobes to 0.3 mm wide, acute, entire. Venation anadromous, evident, ending near the margin. Sori borne on acroscopic anadromous vein branches of the pinnules; involucres turbinate, mouth slightly dilated, to 1.5 mm deep, lobes truncate to obtuse; receptacle protrudes far, to 4 mm long. Sporangium sessile, annulus oblique, complete, with (16-)18(-20) indurated annulus cells, stomium 2- to 5-celled. Spores green, spheroidal, trilete, 33 x 43 µm. Figure 12L & M.
Habitat
Ecology: Terrestrial or epilithic, confined to permanently moist stream banks, and rocks in light or deep shade in evergreen forests. Not edaphically bound. Hemicryptophyte, mesophyte; fronds mesophytic, poikilohydrous. Vegetative reproduction by the branched rhizome resulting in the formation of small clonal stands. Seasonal pattern probably nonexistent, fertile material collected in May.
Range
Distribution: In Swaziland the species is currently known from the Mdzimba mountains only, occurring at an altitude of ±1 300 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, the western Indian Ocean region and tropical America.
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