Edit History
Hypolepis sparsisora (Schrad.) Kuhn [family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE]
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Hypolepis sparsisora (Schrad.) Kuhn [family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE]
Common names
Cheilanthes aspera Kaulf. in Linnaea 6: 186 (1831). Hypolepis aspera (Kaulf.) C.Presl, Tent. pterid.: 162 (1836). Type: In einer Kluft bei dem Wasserfall auf der östlichen Seite des Teufelsberges, -/01/1820, Ecklon s.n. (LZ†, holo.; L, iso.). Cheilanthes anthriscifolia Schltdl., Adumbr. pl. 5: 52 (1832), quoad spec. Mundt & Maire, non Willd. (1810). Hypolepis anthriscifolia (Schltdl.) C.Presl, Tent. pterid.: 162 (1836); Sim, Ferns S. Afr.: 76, pl. XXII (1892). Cheilanthes commutata Kunze in Linnaea 10: 542 (1836). Type: Inter Plettenbergsbaai et Langkloof prope Roodemuur, in valle sylvatica ad rivulum, 500 m, Drège s.n. [B!, lecto., designated by Roux (1986); K!, isolecto.].
sparsus = scattered; sorus = pertaining to the sori
Vernacular names: False bracken; Vals adelaarsvaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants terrestrial. Rhizome wide-creeping, subterranean or epigeal, terete, to 8 mm in diameter, initially densely set with dark brown to ferrugineus, pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, to 1.5 mm long. Fronds to 110 mm apart, arching, straggling in large plants, to 3 m long; stipe firm, proximally castaneus to ferrugineus, stramineous higher up, adaxially shallowly sulcate, to 1.2 m long, to 15 mm in diameter, initially closely set with soft pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, often becoming subglabrous or glabrous later; lamina anadromous to catadromous, ovate-deltate, to 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 2.5 m long, to 2 m wide with up to 15 petiolated pinna pairs; rachis stramineous, adaxially shallowly sulcate, sulcus confluent with that of the lower order axes, initially closely set with fine pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, often glabrous later; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 65 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, opposite to alternate, basally widely spaced, imbricate or not, more closely spaced distally, often somewhat imbricate, to 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, basal pinnae not, or conspicuously basiscopically developed, to 1 m long, to 500 mm wide, with up to 17 petiolated pinnule pairs; pinna-rachis adaxially sulcate, to 6 mm in diameter, set with hairs similar to those on the rachis, lower order axes also with oblong pluricellular, uniseriate hairs; pinnules anadromous or catadromous, petiolate, petiole to 30 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, opposite to alternate, closely to widely spaced, to 3-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 430 mm long, to 330 mm wide, with up to 14 segment pairs; segments petiolate, petiole to 10 mm long, lanceolate to oblong-acuminate, alternate, closely to widely spaced, to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 160 mm long, to 70 mm wide; ultimate segments petiolate, petiole to 2 mm long, membranous to thinly herbaceous, ovate to oblong-acuminate, opposite to alternate, closely to widely spaced, lobed to pinnatifid, to 35 mm long, to 13 mm wide, adaxially and abaxially set with acicular pluricellular, uniseriate hairs along the costules and veins; lobes oblong-obtuse, to 8 mm long, to 4 mm wide, obtusely dentate. Venation anadromous or catadromous, evident, free, the branches simple or forked, ending in the teeth near the margin. Aerophores in a narrow, continuous dorsilateral line along the axes. Sori near-marginal, proximal on the lobes, at or near the ending of a simple, or anadromous branch of a forked vein, singly or up to 2 pairs per lobe, to 1.2 mm in diameter when mature; indusium a strongly modified lobe tooth, erose to fimbriate; receptacle nude; sporangium long-stalked, simple, 3-seriate below the capsule, capsule with (12-)13(-19) indurated annulus cells. Spores 64 per sporangium, yellow, ellipsoidal, monolete, echinulate, (24-)29.14(-38) x (15-)19.63(-26) (m. Figure 27A & B.
Habitat
Ecology: Terrestrial, usually in marshy areas along perennial streams in forests, forest clearings and forest margins, in exposed or shaded conditions, forming large tangled thickets. Not edaphically bound. Hemicryptophyte, mesophyte; fronds mesomorphic. Vegetative reproduction by the wide-creeping, branched rhizome. Seasonal pattern not pronounced, but influenced by the prevailing environmental conditions.
Range
Distribution: Sporadic in the western half of Swaziland, occurring at altitudes ranging between 500 and 1 520 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and the western Indian Ocean region.
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Hypolepis sparsisora (Schrad.) Kuhn [family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE]
Common names
Cheilanthes aspera Kaulf. in Linnaea 6: 186 (1831). Hypolepis aspera (Kaulf.) C.Presl, Tent. pterid.: 162 (1836). Type: In einer Kluft bei dem Wasserfall auf der östlichen Seite des Teufelsberges, -/01/1820, Ecklon s.n. (LZ†, holo.; L, iso.). Cheilanthes anthriscifolia Schltdl., Adumbr. pl. 5: 52 (1832), quoad spec. Mundt & Maire, non Willd. (1810). Hypolepis anthriscifolia (Schltdl.) C.Presl, Tent. pterid.: 162 (1836); Sim, Ferns S. Afr.: 76, pl. XXII (1892). Cheilanthes commutata Kunze in Linnaea 10: 542 (1836). Type: Inter Plettenbergsbaai et Langkloof prope Roodemuur, in valle sylvatica ad rivulum, 500 m, Drège s.n. [B!, lecto., designated by Roux (1986); K!, isolecto.].
sparsus = scattered; sorus = pertaining to the sori
Vernacular names: False bracken; Vals adelaarsvaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants terrestrial. Rhizome wide-creeping, subterranean or epigeal, terete, to 8 mm in diameter, initially densely set with dark brown to ferrugineus, pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, to 1.5 mm long. Fronds to 110 mm apart, arching, straggling in large plants, to 3 m long; stipe firm, proximally castaneus to ferrugineus, stramineous higher up, adaxially shallowly sulcate, to 1.2 m long, to 15 mm in diameter, initially closely set with soft pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, often becoming subglabrous or glabrous later; lamina anadromous to catadromous, ovate-deltate, to 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 2.5 m long, to 2 m wide with up to 15 petiolated pinna pairs; rachis stramineous, adaxially shallowly sulcate, sulcus confluent with that of the lower order axes, initially closely set with fine pluricellular, uniseriate acicular hairs, often glabrous later; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 65 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, opposite to alternate, basally widely spaced, imbricate or not, more closely spaced distally, often somewhat imbricate, to 4-pinnate-pinnatifid, basal pinnae not, or conspicuously basiscopically developed, to 1 m long, to 500 mm wide, with up to 17 petiolated pinnule pairs; pinna-rachis adaxially sulcate, to 6 mm in diameter, set with hairs similar to those on the rachis, lower order axes also with oblong pluricellular, uniseriate hairs; pinnules anadromous or catadromous, petiolate, petiole to 30 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, opposite to alternate, closely to widely spaced, to 3-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 430 mm long, to 330 mm wide, with up to 14 segment pairs; segments petiolate, petiole to 10 mm long, lanceolate to oblong-acuminate, alternate, closely to widely spaced, to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, to 160 mm long, to 70 mm wide; ultimate segments petiolate, petiole to 2 mm long, membranous to thinly herbaceous, ovate to oblong-acuminate, opposite to alternate, closely to widely spaced, lobed to pinnatifid, to 35 mm long, to 13 mm wide, adaxially and abaxially set with acicular pluricellular, uniseriate hairs along the costules and veins; lobes oblong-obtuse, to 8 mm long, to 4 mm wide, obtusely dentate. Venation anadromous or catadromous, evident, free, the branches simple or forked, ending in the teeth near the margin. Aerophores in a narrow, continuous dorsilateral line along the axes. Sori near-marginal, proximal on the lobes, at or near the ending of a simple, or anadromous branch of a forked vein, singly or up to 2 pairs per lobe, to 1.2 mm in diameter when mature; indusium a strongly modified lobe tooth, erose to fimbriate; receptacle nude; sporangium long-stalked, simple, 3-seriate below the capsule, capsule with (12-)13(-19) indurated annulus cells. Spores 64 per sporangium, yellow, ellipsoidal, monolete, echinulate, (24-)29.14(-38) x (15-)19.63(-26) (m. Figure 27A & B.
Habitat
Ecology: Terrestrial, usually in marshy areas along perennial streams in forests, forest clearings and forest margins, in exposed or shaded conditions, forming large tangled thickets. Not edaphically bound. Hemicryptophyte, mesophyte; fronds mesomorphic. Vegetative reproduction by the wide-creeping, branched rhizome. Seasonal pattern not pronounced, but influenced by the prevailing environmental conditions.
Range
Distribution: Sporadic in the western half of Swaziland, occurring at altitudes ranging between 500 and 1 520 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and the western Indian Ocean region.
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