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Juncus bufonius Linnaeus [family JUNCACEAE]

Date Updated: 27 July 2012

Herbarium
Flora of North America (FNA)
Collection
Flora of North America
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of North America, Vol 22,
Names
Juncus bufonius Linnaeus [family JUNCACEAE], Sp. Pl., 1: 328. 1753 Juncus bufonius var. congestus (S. Watson) Fernald [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. halophilus Buchenau & Fernald [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. hybridus Farwell [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. occidentalis F. J. Hermann [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. ranarius Farwell [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus ranarius Songeon. & E. Perrieeir [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. ranarius Farwell [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus bufonius var. occidentalis F. J. Hermann [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus congestus S. Watson [family JUNCACEAE] Juncus ranarius Songeon & E. Perrier [family JUNCACEAE]
Treatment Author(s)
Ralph E. Brooks* Steven E. Clemants*
Information
Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.5--4 dm. Culms 1--many, occasionally becoming decumbent. Cataphylls 0--2. Leaves basal and cauline; auricles rudimentary or absent; blade flat, 3--13 cm x 0.3--1.1 mm. Inflorescences loose and diffuse or less often compact, usually at least ½1/2 total height of plant; primary bract shorter than inflorescence. Flowers: bracteoles 2; tepals greenish, lanceolate, 3.8--7(--8.5) mm; inner series slightly shorter, apex sometimes obtuse; stamens 3--6, filaments (0.7--)1--1.8 mm, anthers 0.3--0.8 mm; style 0.1--0.2 mm. Capsules tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, ellipsoid to narrowly so, slightly truncate, 2.7--4 x 1--1.5 mm, sometimes exceeding inner tepals but usually not outer series. Seeds yellowish, widely ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.26--0.49, not tailed. 2n = 27--37, 58--81, 108--115.
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting spring--early fall
Distribution
GreenlandUSA Ala.USA AlaskaUSA Ariz.USA Ark.USA Calif.USA Colo.USA Conn.USA Del.USA D.C.USA Fla.USA Ga.USA IdahoUSA Ill.USA Ind.USA IowaUSA Kans.USA Ky.USA La.USA MaineUSA Md.USA Mass.USA Mich.USA Minn.USA Miss.USA Mo.USA Mont.USA Nebr.USA Nev.USA N.H.USA N.J.USA N.Mex.USA N.Y.USA N.C.USA N.Dak.USA OhioUSA Okla.USA Oreg.USA Pa.USA R.I.USA S.C.USA S.Dak.USA Tenn.USA Tex.USA UtahUSA Vt.USA Va.USA Wash.USA W.Va.USA Wis.USA Wyo.Canada Alta.Canada B.C.Canada Man.Canada N.B.Canada Nfld. and Labr.Canada N.W.T.Canada N.S.Canada Ont.Canada P.E.I.Canada Que.Canada Sask.Canada Yukon
Discussion
Nearly worldwide, Juncus bufonius is found essentially throughout North America except north of the Alaskan and Canadian tTaiga. Juncus bufonius is a highly polymorphic complex that is poorly understood systematically. Insufficient evidence exists upon which to base the segregation of the plethora of taxa that have been recognized out of this group in the past.
Juncus bufonius Linnaeus [family JUNCACEAE]
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