Entry From
Flora of South Africa, (2003) Author: Dr J.P. Roux
Common names
G. angolensis Vesque in A.DC, Monogr. Phan. 8: 335 (1893); R.E. Fr., Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1: 151 (1914); Burtt Davy, Fl. Transv. 1: 252 (1926); Staner in Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 13: 120 (1934); Exell & Mendonca in C.F.A. 1,1: 127 (1937). Type: Angola, Welwitsch 1047/48 (K, iso!). G. baikieana Vesque, I.e. 336 (1893). Type: Nigeria, Barter 848 (K!; P). G. ferrandii Chiov. in Stefa-nini & Paoli, Result. Sci. Miss. Stefanini-Paoli Somal. Ital. 1: 26 (1916). Syntypes: Somalia, Paoli 847; 1012 (Fl?).
Information
Shrub or tree up to 12 m high, narrowly triangular when young, becoming bushy and virgate; branchlets 3-whorled, thick, flattened or angled towards apex; bark moderately smooth, grey with shallow furrows producing a chequered effect (teste De Winter & Vah-rmeijer 8572); sap yellow, thick. Leaves 3-whorled, rarely 4- or opposite; blade elliptic, ovate or obovate to broadly so, 6-11 cm long, 3-5,5 cm wide, apex acute to rounded, mucro-nate, base broadly cuneate, rounded or cordate, midrib projecting more on lower side, lateral veins 10-12 (-20), terminating in margin, terÂtiary venation variously conspicuous, margin entire or crenate, thickened, coriaceous, young leaves bright red; petiole 4—8 mm long, chanÂnelled above, transversely rugose. Flowers polygamous, in fascicles of 5-15 or more, in axils of older leaves on old wood; pedicels 0,8-1,3 cm long, varying in thickness. Sepals 4, unequal, in 2 opposite and decussate pairs, broadly elliptic to orbicular or triangular to transversely ovate, 1-3,5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, concave. Petals 3-7 (9), ovate, obovate or orbicular, 4,5-5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, concave, greenish white to cream or pale yellow with orange or reddish longitudinal glandular lines. Male flowers with numerous free stamens inserted on a fleshy cushion formed by the united fasciclodes. Bisexual (and female?) flowers with fewer stamens inserted in a fleshy fasciclodal ring below the ovary; ovary ovoid to globose, 2(3)-locular, 1,5 mm long, 2 mm wide, surmounted by fleshy bilobed stigma. Berry subglobose, 1-4 cm diam., yellowish red or orange, l-2(3)-seeded. Seeds plano-ovoid, 1-2 cm long. Fig. 5.
Habitat
An extremely variable species, but readily distinguishÂable from G. gerrardii (see key). According to a note on De Winter 4238, G. livingstonei is easily distinguished from other trees in the Okavango by its narrowly triangular shape and blue-green appearance. Palmer & Pitman (1973) state that "the general effect when the tree is bare of leaves is of a light-creamy grey or dark grey shape, all angles and points". The flowers are said to be sweetly scented and the fruits, which have a pleasant acid taste, are relished by humans and animals. The wood is light-coloured and semi-hard and is used for fencing posts and boxes and sometimes furniture. The common names are Livingstone Garcinia, African Mangosteen and uPhimbi (Z).
Use
2. Garcinia livingstonei T. Anders, in J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 9: 263 (1866); Oliv. in F.T.A. 1: 165 (1868); Gibbs in J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 37: 430 (1906); Sim, For. Fl. P. E. Afr. 15, t.4 (1909); Bak.f. in J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 40: 26 (1911); Eyles in Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 421 (1916); Henkel, Woody PI. Natal 165 (1934); Brenan, Checklist Tang. Terr. 241 (1949); Keay in F.W.T.A. ed. 2,1: 294 (1954); Robson in F.Z. 1: 400 (1961). Type: specim. cult. hort. bot. Calcutta ex Mozambique, "In rupibus schistosis prope flumen Zambesi", Kirk (CAL, nolo.).
Range
Found in scrub, open woodland and forest, often riverine, in the Transvaal, Natal, Swaziland, Botswana, Okavango, Caprivi Strip and tropical Africa.