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Crotalaria podocarpa DC. [family LEGUMINOSAE]

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 3, Part 7, (2003) Author: various authors
Names
Crotalaria podocarpa DC. [family LEGUMINOSAE], Prodr. 2: 133 (1825). —J.G. Baker in F.T.A. 2: 17 (1871). —E.G. Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 406 (1914). —Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 5: 371 (1916). —Verdoorn in Bothalia 2: 381 (1928). —Hepper in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 548 (1958). —Torre in C.F.A. 3: 72 (1962). —Polhill in Kew Bull. 22: 224 (1968). —Schreiber in Merxmüller, Prodr. Fl. SW. Afrika, fam. 60: 26 (1970). —Polhill in F.T.E.A., Leguminosae, Pap.: 876 (1971). —Drummond in Kirkia 8: 218 (1972). —Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 70 (1982). —Polhill, Crotalaria Africa & Madagascar: 104, fig. 17/1–10 (1982). —Lock, Leg. Afr. Check-list: 197 (1989). TAB. 3,7: 24, fig. A. Type from Senegal.
Crotalaria arvensis Klotzsch [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Peters, Naturw. Reise Mossambique 6, pt. 1: 53 (1861). Type: Mozambique, Sena, Peters (B†, holotype).
Crotalaria pilifera Klotzsch [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Peters, Naturw. Reise Mossambique 6, pt. 1: 54 (1861). Syntypes: Mozambique, Mossuril (Mesuril) and Cabaceira, Peters (B†, syntypes).
Crotalaria flexuosa Baker [family LEGUMINOSAE], in F.T.A. 2: 29 (1871). Syntypes: \"South tropical Africa\", Baines; Mozambique, Tete, Kirk; and near Tete, Kirk (all K, syntypes).
Crotalaria fulgida Baker [family LEGUMINOSAE], in F.T.A. 2: 32 (1871). —E.G. Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 408 (1914). Type from Angola.
Crotalaria belckii Schinz [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 159 (1888). Type from Namibia.
Crotalaria podocarpa var. villosa Schinz [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 160 (1888). —E.G. Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 407 (1914). Type from Namibia.
Crotalaria hirsutissima Schinz [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 819 (1903). —E.G. Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 409 (1914). —Verdoorn in Bothalia 2: 383 (1928). Type from Namibia.
Crotalaria mutabilis Schinz [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 820 (1903). —E.G. Baker in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 408 (1914). Syntypes from Namibia.
Crotalaria podocarpa subsp. flexuosa Baker Baker f. [family LEGUMINOSAE], in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 407 (1914).
Crotalaria podocarpa subsp. belckii Schinz Baker f. [family LEGUMINOSAE], in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 407 (1914).
Crotalaria damarensis var. maraisiana Torre [family LEGUMINOSAE], in Mem. Junta Invest. Ultramar, sér. 2, 19: 48, t. 27 (1960); in C.F.A. 3: 73 (1962). Type from Angola.
Information
Annual with an erect stem to 70 cm tall and long spreading or decumbent lower branches, with generally spreading hears. Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets variable, mostly 1.5–5(8) × 0.3–1.6(2.5) cm, linear or oblong-lanceolate to obovate-elliptic, usually thinly hairy at least beneath; petioles mostly shorter than the leaflets; stipules 5–17 × 3–7 mm, shortly stalked, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-falcate, acuminate, usually truncate or rounded at the base, very unequal-sided. Racemes (3)6–14 cm long, long-pedunculate, laxly 2–5(8)-flowered; bracts up to 3.5 mm long, filiform and caducous, or lacking; pedicels 2.5–6 mm long. Calyx 7–9 mm long, hairy or subglabrous; lobes triangular-subulate, longer than the tube, ultimately reflexed. Standard ovate, clear yellow, sometimes slightly reddish tinged, glabrous outside; wings a little shorter than the keel; keel 1.2–1.7 cm long, angled in the lower half, with a straight beak, lanate towards the upper edge (particularly on the beak). Pod 2–3 × 0.9–1.4 cm, cylindrical, often rather broadly so and somewhat inflated when young, abruptly contracted to the slender 2.5–5 mm long stipe, glabrous, 6–12-seeded. Seeds 4.5–6 mm in diameter, subcircular-reniform, compressed with a broad raised rim, irregularly tuberculate, orange or pale yellow.
Habitat
Mopane woodland (rarely in miombo), Acacia, Combretum tree savanna and grassland, usually on sandy soils, often in temporary water catchment areas by roads, pans and rock outcrops
Range
Widespread in the drier parts of the Sudanian and Zambezian Domains of tropical Africa
Altitude range
up to 1100 m.
1100
0
inferred only top
Distribution
Mozambique M entre Chobela e Magude, fl. 6.i.1948, Torre 7051 (BM; K; LISC).Mozambique GI Massangena Distr., Kapateni, fl. & fr. immat. 25.iv.1962, Drummond 7729 (K; SRGH).Mozambique MS Caia Distr., Sena, Peters s.n. (B†).Mozambique T Tete–Mandié, fl. i.1932, Sofia Pomba 80 (COI).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., near Shire R., Mpatamanga Gorge, fl. & fr. immat. 28.ii.1961, Richards 14501A (K; SRGH).Malawi C Lilongwe, fl. & fr. 23.iii.1970, Brummitt & Little 9334 (K; MAL; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Save (Sabi) R. to Masvingo (Fort Victoria), fl. i.1969, Goldsmith 8/69 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Chimanimani Distr., Mutare (Umtali) to Chipinge (Chipinga), near Hot Springs, fl. & fr. 18.iii.1964, Corby 1109 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe C Hwedza Distr., Ziyambe, fl. & fr. ii.1963, R.M. Davies 2898 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe W Hwange Distr., Dete (Dett), fl. & fr. 17.ii.1956, Wild 4754 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka, fl. & fr. 27.ii.1963, van Rensburg 1464 (BR; K; SRGH).Botswana SE Central Distr., Mosetse R., fl. & fr. 8.iii.1961, Richards 14599 (K; SRGH).Botswana SW Kgalagadi Distr., 27 km north of Kang, fl. 18.ii.1960, Wild 5034 (K; SRGH).Mozambique N Mossuril (Mesuril) and Cabaceira Pequena (Cabaceira), Peters s.n. (B†).Malawi N Chisenga–Rumphi, fl. 19.ii.1961, Richards 14424 (K).Zimbabwe N 18 km ESE of Chirundu Bridge, Mhenza (Mensa) Pan, fl. 29.i.1958, Drummond 5334 (COI; K; LISC; SRGH).Zambia B Sesheke Distr., Masese, fl. & fr. 14.iii.1961, Fanshawe 6441 (BR; K; SRGH).Botswana N Ngamiland Distr., Khwebe (Kwebe) Hills, fl. & fr. immat. 17.ii.1898, Mrs. E.J. Lugard 179 (K).
Notes
Introgression seems to have occurred in certain places where the ranges of C. podocarpa and C. damarensis approximate or overlap (Polhill, loc. cit. (1968)). In the Flora Zambesiaca area this is most apparent along the upper reaches of the Zambezi R. Around Livingstone plants collected over a period of fifty years have appressed rather than spreading hairs but otherwise nearly resemble other material of C. podocarpa. In Barotseland most plants tend to have appressed hairs and in addition have shorter pedicels and smaller flowers, which are further features of C. damarensis, but the short bracts and the small number of flowers per raceme are more characteristic of C. podocarpa. If a name is wanted for these plants with appressed hairs and smaller flowers, var. villosa Schinz is applicable.
Crotalaria podocarpa DC. [family LEGUMINOSAE]
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