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Asplenium sandersonii Hook. [family ASPLENIACEAE]
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Asplenium sandersonii Hook. [family ASPLENIACEAE]
Common names
sandersonii = in honour of John Sanderson (1820-1881), Scottish journalist, tradesman and draughtsman who worked in KwaZulu-Natal.
Vernacular names: Sanderson's spleenwort; Sanderson-se-tralievaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants epilithic or epiphytic. Rhizome erect to suberect, to 15 mm long, to 2 mm in diameter, set with roots, crowded persistent stipe bases and scales, scales chartaceus, castaneus to ferrugineous, clathrate, sessile, lanceolate, cordate-imbricate, margins basally with a few scattered filiform outgrowths terminating in an enlarged obovate gland-like cell, entire towards the apex, apex terminates in an oblong thin-walled cell, to 5 mm long, to 1.2 mm wide. Fronds crowded, to 9 per plant, caespitose, arching, to 300 mm long; stipe firm, green, basally sulcate, centrally raised apically, to 80 mm long, to 1 mm in diameter, sparsely scaled, scales chartaceus, castaneus to ferrugineous, clathrate, sessile, lanceolate to subulate, cordate to cordate-imbricate, with scattered filiform outgrowths terminating in an enlarged obovate gland-like cell along the margin, apex terminates in an oblong thin-walled cell, to 3 mm long, to 0.3 mm wide; lamina anadromous, 1-pinnate, linear-cuneate, to 230 mm long, to 27 mm wide, with up to 24 pinna pairs, proliferous, bud borne at the apex of a rachis extension; rachis green, firm, sulcate, centrally ridged, sparsely scaled, scales similar to, but smaller than, those on the stipe; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 1.5 mm long, opposite to alternate, basally widely spaced, pinnae in the lower third of the lamina gradually reduced, coriaceus, rhombic-dimidiate to cuneate, lobed, in the larger pinnae the proximal acroscopic lobe shallowly 2 to 3-lobed, to 13 mm long, to 9 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially; costa adaxially slightly raised. Venation anadromous, adaxially obscure, evident abaxially, ending in the teeth near the margin. Sori linear, lunate, medial on the simple vein branches, to 3 mm long; indusium membranous, semicircular, lacerate, to 3 mm long, to 1.5 mm wide; sporangium long-stalked, uniseriate, 3-seriate below capsule, capsule broadly elliptic in lateral view, with (18-)19(-19) indurated annulus cells, epistomium 2-celled, hypostomium 4-celled. Spores 64 per sporangium, brown, elliptic, monolete, echinate, fenestrate, (38-)41.27(-44) x (26-)28.17(-30) (m. Figure 49E & F.
Habitat
Ecology: Epilithic or epiphytic, on moist rocks in streambeds or as low-level epiphytes, in deep shade in moist evergreen forests. Not edaphically bound. Nanophanerophyte, mesophyte, fronds mesomorphic. Vegetative reproduction by the closely branched rhizome and plantlets forming at the apex of the rachis extension. Seasonal pattern apparently nonexistent.
Range
Distribution: Rare in the north-western corner of Swaziland, occurring at an altitude of ±1 300 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and the western Indian Ocean region.
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbarium, Cape Town (SAM)
Collection
Swaziland ferns and fern allies
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Swaziland Ferns and Fern Allies, (2003) Author: J.P. Roux
Names
Asplenium sandersonii Hook. [family ASPLENIACEAE]
Common names
sandersonii = in honour of John Sanderson (1820-1881), Scottish journalist, tradesman and draughtsman who worked in KwaZulu-Natal.
Vernacular names: Sanderson's spleenwort; Sanderson-se-tralievaring (Afr.)
Information
Plants epilithic or epiphytic. Rhizome erect to suberect, to 15 mm long, to 2 mm in diameter, set with roots, crowded persistent stipe bases and scales, scales chartaceus, castaneus to ferrugineous, clathrate, sessile, lanceolate, cordate-imbricate, margins basally with a few scattered filiform outgrowths terminating in an enlarged obovate gland-like cell, entire towards the apex, apex terminates in an oblong thin-walled cell, to 5 mm long, to 1.2 mm wide. Fronds crowded, to 9 per plant, caespitose, arching, to 300 mm long; stipe firm, green, basally sulcate, centrally raised apically, to 80 mm long, to 1 mm in diameter, sparsely scaled, scales chartaceus, castaneus to ferrugineous, clathrate, sessile, lanceolate to subulate, cordate to cordate-imbricate, with scattered filiform outgrowths terminating in an enlarged obovate gland-like cell along the margin, apex terminates in an oblong thin-walled cell, to 3 mm long, to 0.3 mm wide; lamina anadromous, 1-pinnate, linear-cuneate, to 230 mm long, to 27 mm wide, with up to 24 pinna pairs, proliferous, bud borne at the apex of a rachis extension; rachis green, firm, sulcate, centrally ridged, sparsely scaled, scales similar to, but smaller than, those on the stipe; pinnae petiolate, petiole to 1.5 mm long, opposite to alternate, basally widely spaced, pinnae in the lower third of the lamina gradually reduced, coriaceus, rhombic-dimidiate to cuneate, lobed, in the larger pinnae the proximal acroscopic lobe shallowly 2 to 3-lobed, to 13 mm long, to 9 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially; costa adaxially slightly raised. Venation anadromous, adaxially obscure, evident abaxially, ending in the teeth near the margin. Sori linear, lunate, medial on the simple vein branches, to 3 mm long; indusium membranous, semicircular, lacerate, to 3 mm long, to 1.5 mm wide; sporangium long-stalked, uniseriate, 3-seriate below capsule, capsule broadly elliptic in lateral view, with (18-)19(-19) indurated annulus cells, epistomium 2-celled, hypostomium 4-celled. Spores 64 per sporangium, brown, elliptic, monolete, echinate, fenestrate, (38-)41.27(-44) x (26-)28.17(-30) (m. Figure 49E & F.
Habitat
Ecology: Epilithic or epiphytic, on moist rocks in streambeds or as low-level epiphytes, in deep shade in moist evergreen forests. Not edaphically bound. Nanophanerophyte, mesophyte, fronds mesomorphic. Vegetative reproduction by the closely branched rhizome and plantlets forming at the apex of the rachis extension. Seasonal pattern apparently nonexistent.
Range
Distribution: Rare in the north-western corner of Swaziland, occurring at an altitude of ±1 300 m. The species is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and the western Indian Ocean region.
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