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Pogonarthria squarrosa Roem. & Schult. Pilg. [family GRAMINEAE]

Date Updated: 26 July 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 10, Part 2, (1999) Author: T. Cope
Names
Pogonarthria squarrosa Roem. & Schult. Pilg. [family GRAMINEAE], in Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 149 (1910). —Chippindall in Meredith, Grasses & Pastures of South Africa: 185 (1955). —Vesey-FitzGerald in Kirkia 3: 85 (1963). —Wild in Kirkia 5: 55 (1965). —Launert in Merxmüller, Prodr. Fl. SW. Afrika, fam. 160: 154 (1970). —Simon in Kirkia 8: 28 & 62 (1971). —Jacobsen in Kirkia 9: 148 (1973). —S.M. Phillips in F.T.E.A., Gramineae: 267, fig. 73 (1974). —Müller, Grasses of South West Africa/Namibia: 214 (1984). —Gibbs Russell et al., Grasses Southern Africa [Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa No. 58]: 273 (1990). Type from South Africa (Cape Province). Poa squarrosa Roem. & Schult. [family GRAMINEAE], Syst. Veg. 2: 553 (1817). Eragrostis marlothii Hack. [family GRAMINEAE], in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 404 (1889). Type from South Africa (Cape Province). Leptochloa falcata Hack. [family GRAMINEAE], in Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 386 (1895). Type from South Africa (Free State). Pogonarthria falcata Hack. Rendle [family GRAMINEAE], in Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 2: 232 (1899). Diplachne menyharthii Hack. [family GRAMINEAE], in Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 772 (1901). Type: Mozambique, Tete Prov., Boruma, Zambezi River, Menyharth 1126 (W, holotype). Pogonarthria menyharthii Hack. Hack. [family GRAMINEAE], in Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 57: 532 (1912).
Information
Densely caespitose perennial; culms up to 100(120) cm tall, stiffly erect, unbranched; leaf laminas (3)7–24(33) cm × (1)2–4(5.5) mm, flat or convolute especially towards the narrow tapering apex.Inflorescence (7)12–30(44) cm long; racemes 1–8(10) cm long, ascending or spreading, often falcately curved.Spikelets 3–6(8) mm long, 4–10-flowered, elliptic to narrowly elliptic-oblong; rhachilla internodes terete, hairy towards the apex, rarely only scabrid; glumes lanceolate, the inferior 0.9–1.2(1.6) mm long, the superior (1.7)2–2.6(2.8) mm long; lemmas 2.3–2.8(3) mm long (very rarely to 3.6 mm), ovate-lanceolate, sharply acuminate at the apex.
Habitat
Widespread, usually in sandy soils, in granite sandveld, on Kalahari Sands, river bank alluvium and lake shores, in dambo and montane grassland, and in miombo and mopane woodlands, often as a weed of cultivation and in disturbed ground at roadsides
Range
Tanzania southwards to South AfricaGhana eastwards to the Sudan and Eritrea
Altitude range
30–1680 m. 1680 30
Distribution
Caprivi Strip Katima Mulilo area, c. 910 m, 26.xii.1958, Killick & Leistner 3106 (K).Botswana N Kwando R., James Camp, 16.iv.1975, D.T. Williamson 33 (K; SRGH).Zambia B Kabompo Distr., 85 km from Zambezi (Balovale) on Kabompo road, 26.iii.1961, Drummond & Rutherford-Smith 7398 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe N Guruve Distr., Nyamunyeche (Nyamnyetsi) Estate, 5.xii.1978, Nyariri 536 (K; SRGH).Malawi N Chitipa Distr., Kaseye Mission, 26 km east of Chitipa, 1250 m, 5.iv.1969, Pawek 1933 (K).Mozambique N Lichinga (Vila Cabral), 10.v.1924, Torre 60 (COI).Botswana SW Ghanzi Distr., Farm 48, 28.iii.1969, de Hoogh 204 (K; SRGH).Zambia N Chambeshi Pontoon, 17.iv.1958, Vesey-FitzGerald 1677 (K).Zambia W Ndola, 18.v.1957, Fanshawe 3289 (K).Zambia C South Luangwa National Park, south of Lundu Plain, 21.iii.1966, Astle 4687 (K; SRGH).Zambia E Chipata Distr., Senegallia Farm, iv.1954, Grout 131 (K).Zambia S Namwala Distr., Shilubwa (Shaloba), c. 1160 m, 22.ii.1964, Astle 2943 (K).Zimbabwe W Matopos, 1370 m, ii.1931, Rattray 266 (K).Zimbabwe C Chirumanzu Distr., Mtao Forest Reserve, c. 1460 m, 15.iii.1955, Mullin 2/55 (K).Zimbabwe E Mutare (Umtali), Fairbridge Farm on main road to Nyanga (Inyanga), 1200 m, 6.iii.1969, A.O. Crook 857 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Chiredzi Distr., Triangle Ranch, 6.xi.1946, Bates in GHS 15714 (K).Malawi C Kasungu Distr., Kasungu National Park, 1050 m, 22.v.1969, Hall-Martin 408 (K).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., Nyambadwe Hill, 20.v.1968, Banda 1040 (K; SRGH).Mozambique Z Mocuba Distr., Namagoa, vi.1947, Faulkner 147 (K).Mozambique T Cahora Bassa Distr., Songo, 3.iv.1972, Macêdo 5151 (SRGH).Mozambique MS Gorongosa Distr., Gorongosa Nat. Park, c. 150 m, 7.vii.1972, C.J. Ward 7785 (K; SRGH).Mozambique GI Chibuto, Lagoa Culela, 10.vi.1960, Lemos & Balsinhas 61 (K; COI).Mozambique M Incomati Valley, 19.xii.1957, Macêdo 76 (K).
Distribution (external)
Uganda Kenya
Notes
A common grass which varies widely in height, leaf width and particularly in the facies of the inflorescence, the last being the result of variation in length, direction and degree of crowding of the racemes, and the length of the spikelets.
Pogonarthria squarrosa Roem. & Schult. Pilg. [family GRAMINEAE]
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