Edit History
Psorospermum febrifugum Spach [family GUTTIFERAE]
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 1, Part 2, page 378, (1961) Author: N. K. B. Robson
Names
Psorospermum febrifugum var. ferrugineum Hook. f. Keay & Milne-Redh. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Kew Bull. 1953: 290 (1953). Same type as P. ferrugineum.
Psorospermum stuhlmannii var. cuneifolium Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Syntypes from Tanganyika and Mozambique: Quelimane, Stuhlmann 663 (B).
Psorospermum stuhlmannii Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 274 (1895). Type from Tanganyika.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. albidum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 159 (1868). Syntypes from Angola and Mozambique: R. Zambezi below Tete, Kirk (K).
Psorospermum campestre Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 84 (1893). Type from Angola.
Psorospermum ferrugineum Hook. f. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Hook., Niger Fl.: 241 (1849). Type from Sierra Leone.
Psorospermum febrifugum Spach [family GUTTIFERAE], in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Ser. 2, 5: 163 (1836). — Oliv., F.T.A. 1: 158 (1868). — Ficalho, Pl. Ut. Afr. Port.: 94 (1884). — Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 14 (1909) — Bak. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 26 (1911). — R.E.Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1: 151 (1914). — Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 420 (1916) pro parte excl. specim. Rogers 7259. — Norlindh in Bot. Notis. 1934: 104 (1934). — Gomes e Sousa in Bol. Soc. Estud. Col. Moçamb. 26: 42 (1935). — Exell & Mendonça, C.F.A. 1, 1: 122 (1937) excl. syn. P. baumii Engl. — Suesseng. & Merxm. in Proc. & Trans. Rhod. Sci. Ass. 43: 89 (1951). — Milne-Redh., F.T.E.A. Hyperic.: 17 t. 4 (1953). — Pardy in Rhod. Agr. Journ. 52: 235, cum tt. (1955). TAB. 74. Type from Angola.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. glabrum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Type from Nigeria.
Psorospermum albidum Oliv. Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Bot. Jahrb. 17: 83 (1893). — R. E. Fries, loc. cit. (1914). Same types as P. febrifugum var. albidum.
Information
Shrublet to shrub or small tree (0·3) 1–6 m. high, much branched, with bark peeling or flaking, often corky. Stems terete (sometimes flattened or ± quadrangular above), glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, deciduous, usually strictly opposite, subsessile or shortly petiolate; lamina up to 11 × 8 cm. but often much smaller, varying from subrotund to ovate, obovate, or elliptic, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, subcordate to rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous or glabrescent above, varying from glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose below but always white or pallid with conspicuous reticulate venation, the tertiary veins often prominent, with dark glandular dots usually ± confined to the apex and margins; petiole up to 2 (4) mm. long, glabrous or rusty. Inflorescence terminating main or lateral shoots, cymose, appearing paniculate, variable in size and in degree of indumentum, usually pedunculate, branches ± quadrangular. Sepals 3–4 mm. long, elliptic to lanceolate, rusty-tomentose or glabrescent outside. Petals up to 6 mm. long, elliptic to obovate, acute, white or yellowish-white, streaked with dark purple-red. Fasciclodes glabrous, bfid to truncate or apiculate. Stamens 5–6 per fascicle; filaments villous. Berry bright red, c. 10 mm. in diam. Seeds c. 5 mm. long.
Habitat
A plant of open deciduous woods, scrub and wooded grasslands
Range
From Angola, S. Rhodesia and Mozambique northward to Sierra Leone, Oubangui-Chari and the Sudan
Altitude range
15–1950 m.
1950
15
Distribution
Mozambique GI Bilene, Macia, fl. & fr. 10.i.1943, Torre 4770 (BM; LISC).Mozambique MS Chimoio, Gondola, fl. & fr. 7.xi.1941, Torre 3795 (BM; LISC).Malawi S Neno Hills, fl. 7.xi.1937, Lawrence 466 (K).Mozambique Z Mocuba, fl. & fr. 12.xii.1942, Torre 4795 (BM; LISC).Malawi C Dedza Distr., fr. 19.iii.1955, E.M. & W. 1059 (BM; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Buhera, fl. xi.1953, Davies 624 (PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga, fl. 29.x.1930, F.N. & W. 2369 (BM; K; PRE).Zimbabwe C Salisbury Distr., Domboshawa, fr. 16.ii.1947, Wild 1653 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Choma, fr. 7.iii.1952, White 2220 (FHO; K).Zambia E Fort Jameson, fl., Gilges 3 (SRGH).Zambia C 9·6 km. E. of Lusaka, fl. 4.x.1955, King 171 (K).Zambia W Mwinilunga Distr., 0·4 km. S. of Matonchi Farm, fl. 6.x.1937, Milne-Redhead 2610 (BM; K; PRE).Mozambique N Mutuali, Malema Rd., fr. 25.ii.1954, Sousa 4217 (K; PRE).Zimbabwe N Mtoko Distr., Vombosi R., fl. & fr. 16.xii.1953, Phelps 85 (K; PRE; SRGH).Malawi N Katowo Agricultural House, Mwenemibisuka, fl. 11.xi.1952, Chapman 43 (FHO; K).Zambia N Abercorn Distr., fl. & fr. 1.xi.1952, Robertson 196 (K; PRE; SRGH).
Notes
P. febrifugum is very variable, but it does not appear possible to subdivide it satisfactorily. Extreme types with densely tomentose or completely glabrous leaves are very distinct; but variation in the degree of indumentum is more or less continuous, and does not appear to be correlated with other variable characters such as leaf shape. An atypical specimen from Chirinda (Wild 2122) is a shrub 0·6 m. high branching from the base. It has very acute leaves which tend to be alternate or subopposite above, and the whole plant is densely rusty-tomentose. These aberrations are probably due to coppicing or burning and the latter may be the cause of the flowering of plants in the grasslands of the Nyika Plateau when only 0·3 m. high. The leaves of some N. Rhodesian specimens are greenish beneath and cuneate at the base. These may be hybrids with P.baumii.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 1, Part 2, page 378, (1961) Author: N. K. B. Robson
Names
Psorospermum febrifugum var. ferrugineum Hook. f. Keay & Milne-Redh. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Kew Bull. 1953: 290 (1953). Same type as P. ferrugineum.
Psorospermum stuhlmannii var. cuneifolium Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Syntypes from Tanganyika and Mozambique: Quelimane, Stuhlmann 663 (B).
Psorospermum stuhlmannii Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 274 (1895). Type from Tanganyika.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. albidum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 159 (1868). Syntypes from Angola and Mozambique: R. Zambezi below Tete, Kirk (K).
Psorospermum campestre Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 84 (1893). Type from Angola.
Psorospermum ferrugineum Hook. f. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Hook., Niger Fl.: 241 (1849). Type from Sierra Leone.
Psorospermum febrifugum Spach [family GUTTIFERAE], in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Ser. 2, 5: 163 (1836). — Oliv., F.T.A. 1: 158 (1868). — Ficalho, Pl. Ut. Afr. Port.: 94 (1884). — Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 14 (1909) — Bak. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 26 (1911). — R.E.Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1: 151 (1914). — Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 420 (1916) pro parte excl. specim. Rogers 7259. — Norlindh in Bot. Notis. 1934: 104 (1934). — Gomes e Sousa in Bol. Soc. Estud. Col. Moçamb. 26: 42 (1935). — Exell & Mendonça, C.F.A. 1, 1: 122 (1937) excl. syn. P. baumii Engl. — Suesseng. & Merxm. in Proc. & Trans. Rhod. Sci. Ass. 43: 89 (1951). — Milne-Redh., F.T.E.A. Hyperic.: 17 t. 4 (1953). — Pardy in Rhod. Agr. Journ. 52: 235, cum tt. (1955). TAB. 74. Type from Angola.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. glabrum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Type from Nigeria.
Psorospermum albidum Oliv. Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Bot. Jahrb. 17: 83 (1893). — R. E. Fries, loc. cit. (1914). Same types as P. febrifugum var. albidum.
Information
Shrublet to shrub or small tree (0·3) 1–6 m. high, much branched, with bark peeling or flaking, often corky. Stems terete (sometimes flattened or ± quadrangular above), glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, deciduous, usually strictly opposite, subsessile or shortly petiolate; lamina up to 11 × 8 cm. but often much smaller, varying from subrotund to ovate, obovate, or elliptic, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, subcordate to rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous or glabrescent above, varying from glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose below but always white or pallid with conspicuous reticulate venation, the tertiary veins often prominent, with dark glandular dots usually ± confined to the apex and margins; petiole up to 2 (4) mm. long, glabrous or rusty. Inflorescence terminating main or lateral shoots, cymose, appearing paniculate, variable in size and in degree of indumentum, usually pedunculate, branches ± quadrangular. Sepals 3–4 mm. long, elliptic to lanceolate, rusty-tomentose or glabrescent outside. Petals up to 6 mm. long, elliptic to obovate, acute, white or yellowish-white, streaked with dark purple-red. Fasciclodes glabrous, bfid to truncate or apiculate. Stamens 5–6 per fascicle; filaments villous. Berry bright red, c. 10 mm. in diam. Seeds c. 5 mm. long.
Habitat
A plant of open deciduous woods, scrub and wooded grasslands
Range
From Angola, S. Rhodesia and Mozambique northward to Sierra Leone, Oubangui-Chari and the Sudan
Altitude range
15–1950 m.
1950
15
Distribution
Mozambique GI Bilene, Macia, fl. & fr. 10.i.1943, Torre 4770 (BM; LISC).Mozambique MS Chimoio, Gondola, fl. & fr. 7.xi.1941, Torre 3795 (BM; LISC).Malawi S Neno Hills, fl. 7.xi.1937, Lawrence 466 (K).Mozambique Z Mocuba, fl. & fr. 12.xii.1942, Torre 4795 (BM; LISC).Malawi C Dedza Distr., fr. 19.iii.1955, E.M. & W. 1059 (BM; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Buhera, fl. xi.1953, Davies 624 (PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga, fl. 29.x.1930, F.N. & W. 2369 (BM; K; PRE).Zimbabwe C Salisbury Distr., Domboshawa, fr. 16.ii.1947, Wild 1653 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Choma, fr. 7.iii.1952, White 2220 (FHO; K).Zambia E Fort Jameson, fl., Gilges 3 (SRGH).Zambia C 9·6 km. E. of Lusaka, fl. 4.x.1955, King 171 (K).Zambia W Mwinilunga Distr., 0·4 km. S. of Matonchi Farm, fl. 6.x.1937, Milne-Redhead 2610 (BM; K; PRE).Mozambique N Mutuali, Malema Rd., fr. 25.ii.1954, Sousa 4217 (K; PRE).Zimbabwe N Mtoko Distr., Vombosi R., fl. & fr. 16.xii.1953, Phelps 85 (K; PRE; SRGH).Malawi N Katowo Agricultural House, Mwenemibisuka, fl. 11.xi.1952, Chapman 43 (FHO; K).Zambia N Abercorn Distr., fl. & fr. 1.xi.1952, Robertson 196 (K; PRE; SRGH).
Notes
P. febrifugum is very variable, but it does not appear possible to subdivide it satisfactorily. Extreme types with densely tomentose or completely glabrous leaves are very distinct; but variation in the degree of indumentum is more or less continuous, and does not appear to be correlated with other variable characters such as leaf shape. An atypical specimen from Chirinda (Wild 2122) is a shrub 0·6 m. high branching from the base. It has very acute leaves which tend to be alternate or subopposite above, and the whole plant is densely rusty-tomentose. These aberrations are probably due to coppicing or burning and the latter may be the cause of the flowering of plants in the grasslands of the Nyika Plateau when only 0·3 m. high. The leaves of some N. Rhodesian specimens are greenish beneath and cuneate at the base. These may be hybrids with P.baumii.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 1, Part 2, page 378, (1961) Author: N. K. B. Robson
Names
Psorospermum febrifugum var. ferrugineum Hook. f. Keay & Milne-Redh. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Kew Bull. 1953: 290 (1953). Same type as P. ferrugineum.
Psorospermum stuhlmannii var. cuneifolium Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Syntypes from Tanganyika and Mozambique: Quelimane, Stuhlmann 663 (B).
Psorospermum stuhlmannii Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C: 274 (1895). Type from Tanganyika.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. albidum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 159 (1868). Syntypes from Angola and Mozambique: R. Zambezi below Tete, Kirk (K).
Psorospermum campestre Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], tom. cit.: 84 (1893). Type from Angola.
Psorospermum ferrugineum Hook. f. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Hook., Niger Fl.: 241 (1849). Type from Sierra Leone.
Psorospermum febrifugum Spach [family GUTTIFERAE], in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Ser. 2, 5: 163 (1836). — Oliv., F.T.A. 1: 158 (1868). — Ficalho, Pl. Ut. Afr. Port.: 94 (1884). — Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 14 (1909) — Bak. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 26 (1911). — R.E.Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1: 151 (1914). — Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 420 (1916) pro parte excl. specim. Rogers 7259. — Norlindh in Bot. Notis. 1934: 104 (1934). — Gomes e Sousa in Bol. Soc. Estud. Col. Moçamb. 26: 42 (1935). — Exell & Mendonça, C.F.A. 1, 1: 122 (1937) excl. syn. P. baumii Engl. — Suesseng. & Merxm. in Proc. & Trans. Rhod. Sci. Ass. 43: 89 (1951). — Milne-Redh., F.T.E.A. Hyperic.: 17 t. 4 (1953). — Pardy in Rhod. Agr. Journ. 52: 235, cum tt. (1955). TAB. 74. Type from Angola.
Psorospermum febrifugum var. glabrum Oliv. [family GUTTIFERAE], loc. cit. Type from Nigeria.
Psorospermum albidum Oliv. Engl. [family GUTTIFERAE], Bot. Jahrb. 17: 83 (1893). — R. E. Fries, loc. cit. (1914). Same types as P. febrifugum var. albidum.
Information
Shrublet to shrub or small tree (0·3) 1–6 m. high, much branched, with bark peeling or flaking, often corky. Stems terete (sometimes flattened or ± quadrangular above), glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, deciduous, usually strictly opposite, subsessile or shortly petiolate; lamina up to 11 × 8 cm. but often much smaller, varying from subrotund to ovate, obovate, or elliptic, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, subcordate to rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous or glabrescent above, varying from glabrous to densely rusty-tomentose below but always white or pallid with conspicuous reticulate venation, the tertiary veins often prominent, with dark glandular dots usually ± confined to the apex and margins; petiole up to 2 (4) mm. long, glabrous or rusty. Inflorescence terminating main or lateral shoots, cymose, appearing paniculate, variable in size and in degree of indumentum, usually pedunculate, branches ± quadrangular. Sepals 3–4 mm. long, elliptic to lanceolate, rusty-tomentose or glabrescent outside. Petals up to 6 mm. long, elliptic to obovate, acute, white or yellowish-white, streaked with dark purple-red. Fasciclodes glabrous, bfid to truncate or apiculate. Stamens 5–6 per fascicle; filaments villous. Berry bright red, c. 10 mm. in diam. Seeds c. 5 mm. long.
Habitat
A plant of open deciduous woods, scrub and wooded grasslands
Range
From Angola, S. Rhodesia and Mozambique northward to Sierra Leone, Oubangui-Chari and the Sudan
Altitude range
15–1950 m.
1950
15
Distribution
Mozambique GI Bilene, Macia, fl. & fr. 10.i.1943, Torre 4770 (BM; LISC).Mozambique MS Chimoio, Gondola, fl. & fr. 7.xi.1941, Torre 3795 (BM; LISC).Malawi S Neno Hills, fl. 7.xi.1937, Lawrence 466 (K).Mozambique Z Mocuba, fl. & fr. 12.xii.1942, Torre 4795 (BM; LISC).Malawi C Dedza Distr., fr. 19.iii.1955, E.M. & W. 1059 (BM; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Buhera, fl. xi.1953, Davies 624 (PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga, fl. 29.x.1930, F.N. & W. 2369 (BM; K; PRE).Zimbabwe C Salisbury Distr., Domboshawa, fr. 16.ii.1947, Wild 1653 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Choma, fr. 7.iii.1952, White 2220 (FHO; K).Zambia E Fort Jameson, fl., Gilges 3 (SRGH).Zambia C 9·6 km. E. of Lusaka, fl. 4.x.1955, King 171 (K).Zambia W Mwinilunga Distr., 0·4 km. S. of Matonchi Farm, fl. 6.x.1937, Milne-Redhead 2610 (BM; K; PRE).Mozambique N Mutuali, Malema Rd., fr. 25.ii.1954, Sousa 4217 (K; PRE).Zimbabwe N Mtoko Distr., Vombosi R., fl. & fr. 16.xii.1953, Phelps 85 (K; PRE; SRGH).Malawi N Katowo Agricultural House, Mwenemibisuka, fl. 11.xi.1952, Chapman 43 (FHO; K).Zambia N Abercorn Distr., fl. & fr. 1.xi.1952, Robertson 196 (K; PRE; SRGH).
Notes
P. febrifugum is very variable, but it does not appear possible to subdivide it satisfactorily. Extreme types with densely tomentose or completely glabrous leaves are very distinct; but variation in the degree of indumentum is more or less continuous, and does not appear to be correlated with other variable characters such as leaf shape. An atypical specimen from Chirinda (Wild 2122) is a shrub 0·6 m. high branching from the base. It has very acute leaves which tend to be alternate or subopposite above, and the whole plant is densely rusty-tomentose. These aberrations are probably due to coppicing or burning and the latter may be the cause of the flowering of plants in the grasslands of the Nyika Plateau when only 0·3 m. high. The leaves of some N. Rhodesian specimens are greenish beneath and cuneate at the base. These may be hybrids with P.baumii.
╳
We're sorry. You don't appear to have permission to access the item.
Full access to these resources typically requires affiliation with a partnering organization. (For example, researchers are often granted access through their affiliation with a university library.)
If you have an institutional affiliation that provides you access, try logging in via your institution
Have access with an individual account? Login here
If you would like to learn more about access options or believe you received this message in error, please contact us.