Entry From
FZ, Vol 9, Part 1, page 28, (1988) Author: C. C. Townsend
Names
Psilotrichum scleranthum Thw. [family AMARANTHACEAE], Enum. Fl. Zeyl.: 248 (1861).—Verdcourt in Kew Bull. 17: 492 (1964).—Schinz in Engl. & Prantl Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16 C: 60 (1934). TAB. 24 fig. A. Type from Sri Lanka.
Psilotrichum africanum Oliv. [family AMARANTHACEAE], in Hook., Ic. Pl. 16 t. 1542 (1886).—Baker & Clarke in F.T.A. 6, 1: 58 (1909).—Schinz in Engl. & Prantl Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16 C: 60 (1934).—Hauman in F.C.B. 2: 37 (19511,—Cavaco in Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris Sér. B, 13: 111 (1962).—J.H. Ross Fl. Natal: 159 (1973). Type from Tanzania.
Psilotrichum africanum var. debile Schinz [family AMARANTHACEAE], in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 21: 185 (1895). Type: Malawi, Blantyre, Last s.n. 1887 (K, isotype).
Psilotrichum trichophyllum Baker [family AMARANTHACEAE], in Kew Bull. 1897: 279 (1897); in Baker & Clarke in F.T.A. 6, 1: 58 (1909). Type: Mozambique, Shamo, Kirk s.n. 1859 (K, holotype).
Psilotrichum concinnum Baker [family AMARANTHACEAE], loc. cit. (1897); in Baker & Clarke in F.T.A. 6, 1: 58 (1909). Type: Malawi, Blantyre, Last s.n. 1887 (K, holotype).
Information
Woody perennial herb or small shrub, erect or rooting at the basal nodes, sometimes more or less scandent, 0.6–2 m., much-branched with the branches spreading at 45–90 degrees. Stem and branches in the older parts terete, striate and glabrescent, when young quadrangular and sulcate with pale, thick corners, more or less densely pilose with yellowish, subappressed hairs, slightly swollen at the nodes. Leaves ovate to elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 2–10 × 1–4.6 cm., acute to acuminate at the mucronate apex, shortly to longly cuneate at the base with a 2–5 mm. petiole, moderately but finely pubescent on both surfaces (generally more conspicuously so on the lower surface of the primary venation|. Inflorescences rather short spikes, 7–8 mm. wide and finally elongating to 2–5 cm., terminal and generally 2 at each node in the axils of the opposite leaves of stem or branches, sessile or on peduncles up to c. 4 cm. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm. long, more or less densely appressed-pubescent, sharply mucronate with the excurrent midrib, finally spreading or deflexed; bracteoles whitish, broadly deltoid-ovate with the margins slightly overlapping at the base, c. 2 mm. long with a distinct 0.5 mm. long mucro formed by the excurrent midrib, glabrous or slightly pilose along the midrib and/or margins. Flowers sessile. Tepals white or greenish, very firm, faintly c. 5-nerved with still more obscure finer nerves: the 2 outer lanceolate-oblong, acute, sharply mucronate, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, finally indurate at the base, narrowly hyaline-bordered, shortly pilose over the entire dorsal surface; the 3 inner lanceolate-ovate, acute to acuminate,pilose mainly centrally, the hyaline border widened below. Stamens c. 2.5 mm. long; pseudostaminodes absent. Style c. 0.75 mm. long. Capsule oblong-ovoid, c. 2.5–3 mm. long. Seed ovoid, c. 1.75 mm. long, brown, shining, faintly reticulate.
Habitat
An understorey species of mopane or evergreen forest, frequently near streams, also in thickets and on river banks, on sandy soil or granite
Distribution
Mozambique M Inhaca Isl., 31.xii.1956, Mogg 27096 (LISC).Mozambique GI near Chibuto, 11.ii.1942, Torre 3941 (BR; LISC; LUAI; P; PRE).Mozambique MS 30 km. NE. of Inhamitanga, 5 km. S. of railway, 200 m., 5.xii.1971, Mutter & Pope 1898 (K; LISC; SRGH).Mozambique T between Lupata and Tete, ii.1859, Kirk s.n. on Livingstone's S. African Exp. (K).Mozambique Z Namagoa, 60–120 m., xi.1944, Faulkner 334 (K; PRE).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., Mpatamanga Gorge, E. bank of Shire R., 230 m., 24.ii.1970, Brummitt 8731 (K; LISC; MAL; PRE; SRGH; UPS).Zimbabwe S Chiredzi, Chionjas, c. 490–550 m., 29.i.1957, Phipps 211 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Chipinge Distr., below Birchenough Bridge, c. 530 m., i.1957, Davies 2394 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zimbabwe W Hwange Nat. Park, Mandavu Dam, c. 16 km. SW. of Sinamatella Camp, c. 1030 m.. 24.ii.1967, Rushworth 200 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zambia S Kariba Hills near. Kariba access Rd., 2.ii.1958, Drummond 5446 (K; LISC; SRGH).Mozambique N c. 53 km. from Pemba near Ancuabe, 21.xii.1963, Torre & Paiva 9642 (C; COI; LISC; MO; WAG)Malawi N Rumphi Gorge, 1060 m., 9.iii.1975, Pawek 9142 (K; MAL; MO; SRGH; UC).Zimbabwe N Hurungwe, c. 21 km. ESE. of Chirundu Bridge, 31.i.1958, Drummond 5386 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zambia C Katondwe, 24.ii.1965, Fanshawe 9140 (K; NDO).