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Psydrax livida Hiern Bridson [family RUBIACEAE]

Date Updated: 26 July 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 2, (1998) Author: D. Bridson
Names
Plectronia junodii Burtt Davy [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1921: 192 (1921). Type from South Africa. Canthium clityophilum Bullock [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1932: 382 (1932). —Brenan, Check-list For. Trees Shrubs Tang. Terr.: 485 (1949). Type from Tanzania. Canthium syringodorum K. Schum. Bullock [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1932: 373 (1932). —Brenan, Check-list For. Trees Shrubs Tang. Terr.: 488 (1949). Canthium junodii Burtt Davy Burtt Davy [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1935: 568 (1935). Plectronia wildii Suess. [family RUBIACEAE], in Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 43: 59 (1951). Type: Zimbabwe, Marondera (Marandellas), Dehn 590 (M; SRGH, holotype). Canthium sp. [family RUBIACEAE], of Miller in J. S. African Bot. 18: 83 (1952), based on Miller B543 & B577 (not seen). Canthium gymnosporioides Launert [family RUBIACEAE], in Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 16: 314 (1957). Type: Caprivi Strip, Okavango, Pupa (Popa) Falls, Volk s.n. (M, holotype). Canthium wildii Suess. Codd [family RUBIACEAE], in Kirkia 1: 109 (1961). —A.E. Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 188 (1982). Type as above. Psydrax livida Hiern Bridson [family RUBIACEAE], in Kew Bull. 40: 705 (1985). —von Breitenbach in J. Dendrol. 5: 88, figs. (1985). —K. Coates Palgrave, Trees Southern Africa, ed. 3, rev.: 16j of appendix (1988). —Bridson in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae: 898 (1991). —Beentje, Kenya Trees, Shrubs Lianas: 538 (1994). TAB. 47/C2. Type: Mozambique, Morrumbala (Moramballa), Kirk s.n. (K, holotype). Canthium lividum Hiern [family RUBIACEAE], in F.T.A. 3: 144 (1877). Plectronia livida Hiern K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 386 (1895). —Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 5: 493 (1916). Plectronia syringodora K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 386 (1895). Types from Tanzania. Canthium huillense Hiern [family RUBIACEAE], Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1: 476 (1898). —Warburg, Kunene-Samb.-Exped. Baum: 388 (1903). —Bullock in Bull. Misc. Inform., Kew 1932: 370 (1932). —Brenan, Check-list For. Trees Shrubs Tang. Terr.: 487 (1949). —Miller in J. S. African Bot. 18: 83 (1952). —Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 429 (1961). —F. White, F.F.N.R.: 404 (1962). —Palmer & Pitman, Trees Southern Africa 3: 2093 (1973). —van Wyk, Trees Kruger Nat. Park 2: 557 (1974). —Drummond in Kirkia 10: 276 (1975). —A.E. Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 187 (1982). —K. Coates Palgrave, Trees Southern Africa, ed. 3, rev.: 881, pl. 303 (1988). Types from Angola. Plectronia huillensis Hiern K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Just’s Bot. Jahresber., 26th year, part 1: 393 (1900). Type as above. Plectronia heliotropiodora K. Schum. & K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 540 (1907). Type from Tanzania. Plectronia sp. [family RUBIACEAE], of Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 5: 494 (1916), based on Allen 250 (Zimbabwe, Gwaai Forest).
Information
Shrub or small tree 0.8–8 m tall; green twigs glabrescent to densely pubescent; older stems at first covered with pale tissue-like bark which flakes off to reveal a darker underlayer.Leaves restricted to young stems, or occasionally on older stems, not always fully mature at time of flowering; blades 1.5–13 × 1–7 cm, narrowly ovate to ovate or occasionally broadly ovate, acute to subacuminate or sometimes acuminate or obtuse to rounded at apex, obtuse to rounded or sometimes acute at the base, herbaceous, dull to slightly shiny on upper surface, glabrous to densely pubescent on both surfaces; lateral nerves in 4–5 main pairs; tertiary nerves apparent; domatia present as ciliate membranous pockets; petioles 2–5(10) mm long; stipules 4–7 mm long, triangular-acuminate with lobe eventually decurrent.Flowers 4-merous, borne on 6–70-flowered pedunculate compact corymbs; peduncle 3–15 mm long, pubescent; inflorescence branches proportionately short, not spreading; pedicels 3–10(15) mm long, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles inconspicuous.Calyx tube 1 mm long, broader than long, pubescent or glabrous save for a few hairs towards the base; limb 0.5 mm long, irregularly dentate, ciliate.Corolla greenish-white (or yellow); tube 1.25–3 mm long, pubescent at throat but without a well defined ring of deflexed hairs; lobes 1.25–2 × 1–1.5 mm long, oblong, obtuse to rounded.Anthers reflexed.Style up to 6 mm long; pollen presenter 1 × 0.5 mm long, obscurely ribbed; disk glabrous.Fruit 5–6 × 7.5– 8 mm, broadly oblong in outline, not or scarcely indented at the apex, black when mature.Pyrene 5–6 × 3.5 mm, ± ellipsoid, rugulose.
Habitat
In miombo woodlands and mixed deciduous woodlands, often below escarpments, on hillsides and rocky outcrops, also in thickets in miombo woodland on sandy soil, and in mixed evergreen forest and riverine vegetation
Altitude range
300–1600 m. 1600 300
Distribution
Mozambique GI Inhambane Prov., Govuro andados 27 km da Povoação Banamana, para Maxaila (Machaila), fr. 26.iii.1974, Correia & Marques 4202 (LMU).Mozambique MS Gorongosa National Park, west side of Rift Valley on Gorongosa (Vila Paiva) road, fr. xi.1971, Tinley 2228 (K; SRGH).Mozambique T Serra da Estima para a Meroeira; fl. 3.xii.1973, Macêdo 5404 (LISC; LMU).Mozambique Z Morrumbala (Moramballa), fl. 18.i.1863, Kirk s.n. (K).Malawi S Kasupe Distr., Chikala Hills, west side, fr. 17.ii.1975, Brummitt, Banda, Seyani & Patel 14357 (K).Zimbabwe S Buhera, in grounds of club near swimming pool, fl. 19.x.1962, Strang in CAH 1012 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Mutare (Umtali) 10 miles south, fl. 21.xi.1948, Chase 974 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe C Charter, fl. 27.xii.1926, Eyles 4611 (K).Zimbabwe W Gwanda Distr., Runde (Lundi) River, near Hotel, fl. 13.xii.1956, Davies 2378 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Namwala Distr., Kafue National Park, Ngoma, young fr. 16.i.1963, B.L. Mitchell 17/17 (K; NDO).Zambia E Chadiza, fl. 28.xi.1958, Robson 763 (BM; K; LISC).Zambia C 13 km east of Lusaka on Leopard's Hill Road, fl. 10.xii.1959, Angus 2089 (FHO; K).Zambia W Ndola, fl. 18.xii.1954, Fanshawe 1729 (K).Zambia N Kasama Distr., Misamfu Experimental Station, fr. 14.ii.1961, I. Coxe 191 (K; LISC; SRGH).Mozambique N Marrupa, picada para Mucuaiaia andados c. 15 km proximo de Momopsus, fr. 23.ii.1981, Nuvunga 691 (K; LMU).Malawi N Nkhata Bay Distr., 4 km west of Bandawe Point, south of Chintheche, fr. 6.iii.1982, Brummitt, Polhill & Banda 16334 (K).Zimbabwe N Hurungwe (Urungwe) Reserve, fr. 27.i.1953, Lovemore 359 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zambia B Kalabo Distr., Kalabo–Sihole, mile 5, fr. 16.ii.1952, White 2087 (FHO; K).Botswana SE Aedume Park at Gaborone Dam, fl. 22.x.1978, O.J. Hansen 3504 (K).
Distribution (external)
Burundi Kenya Tanzania Zaire (Dem. Rep. Congo) Angola Namibia South Africa (North Province, North West Province, Gauteng and Mpumalanga)
Psydrax livida Hiern Bridson [family RUBIACEAE]
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