Edit History
Tapiphyllum velutinum Hiern Robyns [family RUBIACEAE]
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 2, (1998) Author: D. Bridson
Names
Tapiphyllum velutinum Hiern Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 111, figs. 15 & 16 (1928). — J.G. Garcia in Mem. Junta Invest. Ultramar 6 (sér. 2): 27 (1959) [Contrib. Conhec. Fl. Moçamb. IV (1959)]. —Robyns ibid. 32: 137 (1962). —F. White, F.F.N.R.: 421 (1962). —Drummond in Kirkia 10: 276 (1975). —A.E. Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 208 (1982). —K. Coates Palgrave, Trees Southern Africa, ed. 3, rev.: 875 (1988). Type: Mozambique, Morrumbala (Moramballa), Kirk (Jan. 1863) (K, lectotype).
Tapiphyllum vestitum Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 114 (1928). Type: Zimbabwe, Harare (Salisbury) Eyles 1924 (K, holotype; PRE; SRGH).
Vangueria velutina Hiern [family RUBIACEAE], in F.T.A. 3: 151 (1877). —K. Schumann in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 385 (1895). —S. Moore in J. Bot. 45: 42 (1907). —Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Africa: 75 (1909). —De Wildeman in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 8: 66 (1922).
Information
Shrub or small tree 1–4 m tall (see note), usually with rather robust shoots, divaricately branched and with ultimate branches often at right angles, or branchlets very reduced and cushion-like; young shoots densely velvety tomentose, later glabrous and with dark reddish-brown or black ± peeling bark, rugulose.Leaves 2.5–8 × 1–6 cm, narrowly oblong or elliptic to almost round, rounded or sometimes obtuse at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, ± thick, somewhat discolorous, densely thickly velvety tomentose, particularly beneath; venation impressed above and raised beneath, the leaf surface usually rugulose and distinctly bullate; petiole thick, 2–3.5 mm long; stipules shortly connate, 3–5 mm long with linear appendage 3–7 mm long, densely tomentose outside, villous inside, deciduous.Flowers in dense few- to many-flowered cymes in opposite axils, axillary, or sometimes appearing to be terminal on very short lateral branchlets with suppressed leaves; peduncles 2–4 mm long; pedicels c. 1 mm long; bracts 9 × 2–5 mm, ovate-oblong to lanceolate; all parts densely tomentose.Calyx densely velvety or woolly; tube 1–1.5 mm, subglobose; lobes 2–4 mm long, triangular to linear-subulate.Corolla tailed at apex in bud; green to yellow, densely velvety; tube 3.5 mm long, cylindrical, with a ring of deflexed hairs towards the base inside; lobes 2–4 × 2 mm, ovate to narrowly triangular, apiculate.Style exserted 0–2 mm; pollen presenter 0.5–1.2 mm long, cylindrical-sulcate, 4–5-lobed at the apex.Fruit orange-brown, 1–1.4 cm in diameter, subglobose, finely velvety tomentose, with 1–4(5) pyrenes, crowned by the persistent calyx.Pyrenes straw-coloured, 9 mm long.
Habitat
Brachystegia woodland and mixed deciduous woodlands, grassland with scattered trees, scrub particularly on quartzite and granite hills and steep rock outcrops, also recorded from \"fringing forest\"
Range
Known so far only from the Flora Zambesiaca area
Altitude range
850–1800 m.
1800
850
Distribution
Zambia C Chilanga, Mt. Makulu, young fr. 26.xii.1959, White 6014 (FHO; K).Mozambique T Cahora Bassa, Songo, fr. 21.i.1973, Torre et al. 18824 (COI; LD; LISC; LMA; MO).Mozambique Z near base of Morrumbala, fl. 30.xii.1858, Kirk (K).Mozambique MS Barúè, Serra de Choa at km 28 from Catandica (Vila Gouveia), fl. 10.xii.1965, Torre & Correia 13501 (C; LISC; LMU).Malawi S Chiradzulu Distr., above Kansisi Village, Lisau Hill, young fr. 4.i.1983, Patel 1069 (BR; K; MAL).Zimbabwe S Mberengwa Distr., Mt. Buhwa, below rock face on N slopes, sterile 28.iv.1973, Pope 979 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Mutare Distr., East Commonage, E ridge of Ngamagaree Peak, fl. 3.i.1960, Corner s.n. (E; K).Zimbabwe C Makoni Distr., 20 km from Rusape towards Nyanga (Inyanga), corolla fallen 2.xii.1930, Fries et al. 3370 (K; LD; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe W Matobo Distr., Besna Kobila, fl. xii.1961, Miller 8074 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Nachibanga Stream, Choma to Pemba, km 42, young fr. 9.ii.1960, White 6907 (FHO; K).Mozambique N Litunde, in dry places near Penedo da Saudade, fl. 15.xii.1934, Torre 542 (COI; LISC).Malawi C Lilongwe Distr., Dzalanyama Forest Reserve, valley NW of Kazuzu Hill, young fr. 24.ii.1982, Brummitt et al. 16089 (K).Zimbabwe N Goromonzi Distr., Chindamora Reserve, Ngomakurira, fl. 19.x.1967, Loveridge 1758 (K; SRGH).Zambia N Kawambwa, fr. 15.xi.1957, Fanshawe 3973 (K; NDO).
Notes
A field note to Norrgrann 477 claiming it to be a tree to 25 m cannot be correct. Jacobsen 2653 & 2605, both from Zimbabwe, Makonde Distr., lack the thick corrugated leaves of typical T. velutinum. The former was from highly copper-bearing rocky ground arkose and the latter from graphitic slates; both may be yet further distinct variants.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 2, (1998) Author: D. Bridson
Names
Tapiphyllum velutinum Hiern Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 111, figs. 15 & 16 (1928). — J.G. Garcia in Mem. Junta Invest. Ultramar 6 (sér. 2): 27 (1959) [Contrib. Conhec. Fl. Moçamb. IV (1959)]. —Robyns ibid. 32: 137 (1962). —F. White, F.F.N.R.: 421 (1962). —Drummond in Kirkia 10: 276 (1975). —A.E. Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 208 (1982). —K. Coates Palgrave, Trees Southern Africa, ed. 3, rev.: 875 (1988). Type: Mozambique, Morrumbala (Moramballa), Kirk (Jan. 1863) (K, lectotype).
Tapiphyllum vestitum Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 114 (1928). Type: Zimbabwe, Harare (Salisbury) Eyles 1924 (K, holotype; PRE; SRGH).
Vangueria velutina Hiern [family RUBIACEAE], in F.T.A. 3: 151 (1877). —K. Schumann in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 385 (1895). —S. Moore in J. Bot. 45: 42 (1907). —Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Africa: 75 (1909). —De Wildeman in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 8: 66 (1922).
Information
Shrub or small tree 1–4 m tall (see note), usually with rather robust shoots, divaricately branched and with ultimate branches often at right angles, or branchlets very reduced and cushion-like; young shoots densely velvety tomentose, later glabrous and with dark reddish-brown or black ± peeling bark, rugulose.Leaves 2.5–8 × 1–6 cm, narrowly oblong or elliptic to almost round, rounded or sometimes obtuse at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, ± thick, somewhat discolorous, densely thickly velvety tomentose, particularly beneath; venation impressed above and raised beneath, the leaf surface usually rugulose and distinctly bullate; petiole thick, 2–3.5 mm long; stipules shortly connate, 3–5 mm long with linear appendage 3–7 mm long, densely tomentose outside, villous inside, deciduous.Flowers in dense few- to many-flowered cymes in opposite axils, axillary, or sometimes appearing to be terminal on very short lateral branchlets with suppressed leaves; peduncles 2–4 mm long; pedicels c. 1 mm long; bracts 9 × 2–5 mm, ovate-oblong to lanceolate; all parts densely tomentose.Calyx densely velvety or woolly; tube 1–1.5 mm, subglobose; lobes 2–4 mm long, triangular to linear-subulate.Corolla tailed at apex in bud; green to yellow, densely velvety; tube 3.5 mm long, cylindrical, with a ring of deflexed hairs towards the base inside; lobes 2–4 × 2 mm, ovate to narrowly triangular, apiculate.Style exserted 0–2 mm; pollen presenter 0.5–1.2 mm long, cylindrical-sulcate, 4–5-lobed at the apex.Fruit orange-brown, 1–1.4 cm in diameter, subglobose, finely velvety tomentose, with 1–4(5) pyrenes, crowned by the persistent calyx.Pyrenes straw-coloured, 9 mm long.
Habitat
Brachystegia woodland and mixed deciduous woodlands, grassland with scattered trees, scrub particularly on quartzite and granite hills and steep rock outcrops, also recorded from \"fringing forest\"
Range
Known so far only from the Flora Zambesiaca area
Altitude range
850–1800 m.
1800
850
Distribution
Zambia C Chilanga, Mt. Makulu, young fr. 26.xii.1959, White 6014 (FHO; K).Mozambique T Cahora Bassa, Songo, fr. 21.i.1973, Torre et al. 18824 (COI; LD; LISC; LMA; MO).Mozambique Z near base of Morrumbala, fl. 30.xii.1858, Kirk (K).Mozambique MS Barúè, Serra de Choa at km 28 from Catandica (Vila Gouveia), fl. 10.xii.1965, Torre & Correia 13501 (C; LISC; LMU).Malawi S Chiradzulu Distr., above Kansisi Village, Lisau Hill, young fr. 4.i.1983, Patel 1069 (BR; K; MAL).Zimbabwe S Mberengwa Distr., Mt. Buhwa, below rock face on N slopes, sterile 28.iv.1973, Pope 979 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Mutare Distr., East Commonage, E ridge of Ngamagaree Peak, fl. 3.i.1960, Corner s.n. (E; K).Zimbabwe C Makoni Distr., 20 km from Rusape towards Nyanga (Inyanga), corolla fallen 2.xii.1930, Fries et al. 3370 (K; LD; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe W Matobo Distr., Besna Kobila, fl. xii.1961, Miller 8074 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Nachibanga Stream, Choma to Pemba, km 42, young fr. 9.ii.1960, White 6907 (FHO; K).Mozambique N Litunde, in dry places near Penedo da Saudade, fl. 15.xii.1934, Torre 542 (COI; LISC).Malawi C Lilongwe Distr., Dzalanyama Forest Reserve, valley NW of Kazuzu Hill, young fr. 24.ii.1982, Brummitt et al. 16089 (K).Zimbabwe N Goromonzi Distr., Chindamora Reserve, Ngomakurira, fl. 19.x.1967, Loveridge 1758 (K; SRGH).Zambia N Kawambwa, fr. 15.xi.1957, Fanshawe 3973 (K; NDO).
Notes
A field note to Norrgrann 477 claiming it to be a tree to 25 m cannot be correct. Jacobsen 2653 & 2605, both from Zimbabwe, Makonde Distr., lack the thick corrugated leaves of typical T. velutinum. The former was from highly copper-bearing rocky ground arkose and the latter from graphitic slates; both may be yet further distinct variants.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 2, (1998) Author: D. Bridson
Names
Tapiphyllum velutinum Hiern Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 111, figs. 15 & 16 (1928). — J.G. Garcia in Mem. Junta Invest. Ultramar 6 (sér. 2): 27 (1959) [Contrib. Conhec. Fl. Moçamb. IV (1959)]. —Robyns ibid. 32: 137 (1962). —F. White, F.F.N.R.: 421 (1962). —Drummond in Kirkia 10: 276 (1975). —A.E. Gonçalves in Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 5: 208 (1982). —K. Coates Palgrave, Trees Southern Africa, ed. 3, rev.: 875 (1988). Type: Mozambique, Morrumbala (Moramballa), Kirk (Jan. 1863) (K, lectotype).
Tapiphyllum vestitum Robyns [family RUBIACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 11: 114 (1928). Type: Zimbabwe, Harare (Salisbury) Eyles 1924 (K, holotype; PRE; SRGH).
Vangueria velutina Hiern [family RUBIACEAE], in F.T.A. 3: 151 (1877). —K. Schumann in Engler, Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 385 (1895). —S. Moore in J. Bot. 45: 42 (1907). —Sim, For. Fl. Port. E. Africa: 75 (1909). —De Wildeman in Bull. Jard. Bot. État 8: 66 (1922).
Information
Shrub or small tree 1–4 m tall (see note), usually with rather robust shoots, divaricately branched and with ultimate branches often at right angles, or branchlets very reduced and cushion-like; young shoots densely velvety tomentose, later glabrous and with dark reddish-brown or black ± peeling bark, rugulose.Leaves 2.5–8 × 1–6 cm, narrowly oblong or elliptic to almost round, rounded or sometimes obtuse at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, ± thick, somewhat discolorous, densely thickly velvety tomentose, particularly beneath; venation impressed above and raised beneath, the leaf surface usually rugulose and distinctly bullate; petiole thick, 2–3.5 mm long; stipules shortly connate, 3–5 mm long with linear appendage 3–7 mm long, densely tomentose outside, villous inside, deciduous.Flowers in dense few- to many-flowered cymes in opposite axils, axillary, or sometimes appearing to be terminal on very short lateral branchlets with suppressed leaves; peduncles 2–4 mm long; pedicels c. 1 mm long; bracts 9 × 2–5 mm, ovate-oblong to lanceolate; all parts densely tomentose.Calyx densely velvety or woolly; tube 1–1.5 mm, subglobose; lobes 2–4 mm long, triangular to linear-subulate.Corolla tailed at apex in bud; green to yellow, densely velvety; tube 3.5 mm long, cylindrical, with a ring of deflexed hairs towards the base inside; lobes 2–4 × 2 mm, ovate to narrowly triangular, apiculate.Style exserted 0–2 mm; pollen presenter 0.5–1.2 mm long, cylindrical-sulcate, 4–5-lobed at the apex.Fruit orange-brown, 1–1.4 cm in diameter, subglobose, finely velvety tomentose, with 1–4(5) pyrenes, crowned by the persistent calyx.Pyrenes straw-coloured, 9 mm long.
Habitat
Brachystegia woodland and mixed deciduous woodlands, grassland with scattered trees, scrub particularly on quartzite and granite hills and steep rock outcrops, also recorded from \"fringing forest\"
Range
Known so far only from the Flora Zambesiaca area
Altitude range
850–1800 m.
1800
850
Distribution
Zambia C Chilanga, Mt. Makulu, young fr. 26.xii.1959, White 6014 (FHO; K).Mozambique T Cahora Bassa, Songo, fr. 21.i.1973, Torre et al. 18824 (COI; LD; LISC; LMA; MO).Mozambique Z near base of Morrumbala, fl. 30.xii.1858, Kirk (K).Mozambique MS Barúè, Serra de Choa at km 28 from Catandica (Vila Gouveia), fl. 10.xii.1965, Torre & Correia 13501 (C; LISC; LMU).Malawi S Chiradzulu Distr., above Kansisi Village, Lisau Hill, young fr. 4.i.1983, Patel 1069 (BR; K; MAL).Zimbabwe S Mberengwa Distr., Mt. Buhwa, below rock face on N slopes, sterile 28.iv.1973, Pope 979 (K; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Mutare Distr., East Commonage, E ridge of Ngamagaree Peak, fl. 3.i.1960, Corner s.n. (E; K).Zimbabwe C Makoni Distr., 20 km from Rusape towards Nyanga (Inyanga), corolla fallen 2.xii.1930, Fries et al. 3370 (K; LD; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe W Matobo Distr., Besna Kobila, fl. xii.1961, Miller 8074 (K; SRGH).Zambia S Mazabuka Distr., Nachibanga Stream, Choma to Pemba, km 42, young fr. 9.ii.1960, White 6907 (FHO; K).Mozambique N Litunde, in dry places near Penedo da Saudade, fl. 15.xii.1934, Torre 542 (COI; LISC).Malawi C Lilongwe Distr., Dzalanyama Forest Reserve, valley NW of Kazuzu Hill, young fr. 24.ii.1982, Brummitt et al. 16089 (K).Zimbabwe N Goromonzi Distr., Chindamora Reserve, Ngomakurira, fl. 19.x.1967, Loveridge 1758 (K; SRGH).Zambia N Kawambwa, fr. 15.xi.1957, Fanshawe 3973 (K; NDO).
Notes
A field note to Norrgrann 477 claiming it to be a tree to 25 m cannot be correct. Jacobsen 2653 & 2605, both from Zimbabwe, Makonde Distr., lack the thick corrugated leaves of typical T. velutinum. The former was from highly copper-bearing rocky ground arkose and the latter from graphitic slates; both may be yet further distinct variants.
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