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Anthospermum whyteanum Britten [family RUBIACEAE]
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum whyteanum Britten [family RUBIACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. ser. 2, 4: 16 (1894).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3: 268 (1986). Type: Malawi, Mt. Mulanje, Whyte 48 (BM, holotype).
Anthospermum albohirtum Mildbr. [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 15: 637 (1941). Type from Tanzania.
Information
Non-dioecious (male, hermaphrodite + female or female) dwarf shrub, several- to many-stemmed, suberect or ± rounded and low. Stems 20–80( 125) cm. long, erect or ascending, mostly much-branched, branches ± erect or ascending, densely covered with whitish or reddish-brown hairs 0.2–0.9(1.2) mm. long. Leaves in whorls of 3, pseudo-verticillate; blades spreading to ascending, (2)3–11(15) x 0.8–3(5) mm., oblanceolate, narrowly .ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly both surfaces densely covered with whitish spreading hairs 0.2–0.5(0.9) mm. long, sometimes less hairy below except for midrib; margins mostly strongly revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath hairy, with a seta (0.6)1–2.5 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of 9–3 at nodes, female inflorescences occasionally somewhat congested and ± cylindrical; corolla 4-merous (very rarely also 5-merous in male or hermaphrodite), greenish-yellow to creamy yellow, at least near tips of lobes hairy outside. male, hermaphrodite: tube (0.7)1.2–2.2 mm. long (in male often somewhat smaller than in hermaphrodite), (narrowly) funnel-shaped, lobes (1.7)2–2.7(3.4) x (0.5)0.7–0.9 mm.; anthers 1.3–1.9 mm. long (in male often smaller than in hermaphrodite); male: small rudimentary ovary, sometimes also rudimentary stigmas present; hermaphrodite: stigmas 2–3.4 mm. long, ovary 0.7–1.2 x 0.5–0.8 mm., hairy, with 4 calyx lobes. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.3–0.7(1) x 0.2–0.3 mm.; style 0.3–0.8 mm. long; stigmas 2.7–12.2 mm. long; ovary as in hermaphrodite. Fruit reddish-brown; mericarps (1.6)1.8–2.2 x 0.7–1 mm., ± oblong, quite densely covered with whitish, often upwardly directed hairs 0.2–0.7 mm. long, usually with 2 small, ± triangular calyx lobes (0.2)0.3–0.7 x 0.2–0.3 mm., often hidden amongst hairs.
Habitat
Mostly on rocky outcrops
Altitude range
1250–2500 m.
2500
1250
Distribution
Mozambique MS Báruè, Serra de Choa, 26 km. from Vila Gouveia to the border, Torre & Correia 15401 (LISC).Mozambique T Angónia, N. part of Serra Dómuè, Macuáca & Mateus 1099 (LMA).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., Ndirande Mt., fl. 2.v.1970, Brummitt 10325 (K; SRGH).Malawi C Dedza Distr., Chongoni Forest Reserve, Chiwau (=Ciwao) Hill, fl. 16.v.1960, Chapman 707 (BM; K; MAL; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe C Mt. Wedza, fl. 27.ii.1964, Wild 6352 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga Distr., Juliasdale, 2 km. W. of Punch Rock, fl. 23.i.1973, Biegel 4162 (B; BR; K; LISC; MO; PRE; SRGH).Mozambique Z Gúruè, Namuli, Andrada 1858 (COI; LISC).Zambia E Mafinga Hills, 23.v.1973, Chisumpa 38 (K).Malawi N Nyika Plateau, at Chelinda Bridge, fl. 10.i.1974, Pawek 7935 (K; MAL; MO; SRGH).Zimbabwe N Mazoe, Iron Mask Hill, Eyles 343 (BM; BOL; SRGH; atypical).Zambia N Danger Hill, 29 km. NNE. of Mpika, fl. 18.ii.1970, Drummond & Williamson 9708 (K; SRGH).
Distribution (external)
S. Tanzania
Notes
A whyteanum seems to be capable of forming viable hybrids with any other shrubby or dwarf shrubby Anthospermum species, notably A. usambarense (Nyika Plateau; see 2., above), A. welwitschii (Mt. Mulanje; putative hybrids fairly common in some areas), A. rigidum subsp. pumilum (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids infrequent) and A. zimbabwense (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids probably rather common). Putative hybrids often seem to be more similar in appearance to A. whyteanum (hairy, but less densely so than ‘pure’ A. whyteanum); they are normally found together with the parental species in the same general area.Hutchinson & Gillett 4082 (K; SRGH) from Zambia (C), 32 miles NE. of Serenje Corner, 5200 ft., fl. 25.vii.1930, and Torre & Paiva 10309 (LISC) from Mozambique (N), Ribáuè, Serra de Ribáuè (Mepalué), c. 1600 m., fl. 28.i.1964, may represent an odd state of the species (rather glabrescent foliage); as mature fruits are absent, their true identity cannot be established with certainty.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum whyteanum Britten [family RUBIACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. ser. 2, 4: 16 (1894).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3: 268 (1986). Type: Malawi, Mt. Mulanje, Whyte 48 (BM, holotype).
Anthospermum albohirtum Mildbr. [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 15: 637 (1941). Type from Tanzania.
Information
Non-dioecious (male, hermaphrodite + female or female) dwarf shrub, several- to many-stemmed, suberect or ± rounded and low. Stems 20–80( 125) cm. long, erect or ascending, mostly much-branched, branches ± erect or ascending, densely covered with whitish or reddish-brown hairs 0.2–0.9(1.2) mm. long. Leaves in whorls of 3, pseudo-verticillate; blades spreading to ascending, (2)3–11(15) x 0.8–3(5) mm., oblanceolate, narrowly .ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly both surfaces densely covered with whitish spreading hairs 0.2–0.5(0.9) mm. long, sometimes less hairy below except for midrib; margins mostly strongly revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath hairy, with a seta (0.6)1–2.5 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of 9–3 at nodes, female inflorescences occasionally somewhat congested and ± cylindrical; corolla 4-merous (very rarely also 5-merous in male or hermaphrodite), greenish-yellow to creamy yellow, at least near tips of lobes hairy outside. male, hermaphrodite: tube (0.7)1.2–2.2 mm. long (in male often somewhat smaller than in hermaphrodite), (narrowly) funnel-shaped, lobes (1.7)2–2.7(3.4) x (0.5)0.7–0.9 mm.; anthers 1.3–1.9 mm. long (in male often smaller than in hermaphrodite); male: small rudimentary ovary, sometimes also rudimentary stigmas present; hermaphrodite: stigmas 2–3.4 mm. long, ovary 0.7–1.2 x 0.5–0.8 mm., hairy, with 4 calyx lobes. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.3–0.7(1) x 0.2–0.3 mm.; style 0.3–0.8 mm. long; stigmas 2.7–12.2 mm. long; ovary as in hermaphrodite. Fruit reddish-brown; mericarps (1.6)1.8–2.2 x 0.7–1 mm., ± oblong, quite densely covered with whitish, often upwardly directed hairs 0.2–0.7 mm. long, usually with 2 small, ± triangular calyx lobes (0.2)0.3–0.7 x 0.2–0.3 mm., often hidden amongst hairs.
Habitat
Mostly on rocky outcrops
Altitude range
1250–2500 m.
2500
1250
Distribution
Mozambique MS Báruè, Serra de Choa, 26 km. from Vila Gouveia to the border, Torre & Correia 15401 (LISC).Mozambique T Angónia, N. part of Serra Dómuè, Macuáca & Mateus 1099 (LMA).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., Ndirande Mt., fl. 2.v.1970, Brummitt 10325 (K; SRGH).Malawi C Dedza Distr., Chongoni Forest Reserve, Chiwau (=Ciwao) Hill, fl. 16.v.1960, Chapman 707 (BM; K; MAL; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe C Mt. Wedza, fl. 27.ii.1964, Wild 6352 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga Distr., Juliasdale, 2 km. W. of Punch Rock, fl. 23.i.1973, Biegel 4162 (B; BR; K; LISC; MO; PRE; SRGH).Mozambique Z Gúruè, Namuli, Andrada 1858 (COI; LISC).Zambia E Mafinga Hills, 23.v.1973, Chisumpa 38 (K).Malawi N Nyika Plateau, at Chelinda Bridge, fl. 10.i.1974, Pawek 7935 (K; MAL; MO; SRGH).Zimbabwe N Mazoe, Iron Mask Hill, Eyles 343 (BM; BOL; SRGH; atypical).Zambia N Danger Hill, 29 km. NNE. of Mpika, fl. 18.ii.1970, Drummond & Williamson 9708 (K; SRGH).
Distribution (external)
S. Tanzania
Notes
A whyteanum seems to be capable of forming viable hybrids with any other shrubby or dwarf shrubby Anthospermum species, notably A. usambarense (Nyika Plateau; see 2., above), A. welwitschii (Mt. Mulanje; putative hybrids fairly common in some areas), A. rigidum subsp. pumilum (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids infrequent) and A. zimbabwense (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids probably rather common). Putative hybrids often seem to be more similar in appearance to A. whyteanum (hairy, but less densely so than ‘pure’ A. whyteanum); they are normally found together with the parental species in the same general area.Hutchinson & Gillett 4082 (K; SRGH) from Zambia (C), 32 miles NE. of Serenje Corner, 5200 ft., fl. 25.vii.1930, and Torre & Paiva 10309 (LISC) from Mozambique (N), Ribáuè, Serra de Ribáuè (Mepalué), c. 1600 m., fl. 28.i.1964, may represent an odd state of the species (rather glabrescent foliage); as mature fruits are absent, their true identity cannot be established with certainty.
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum whyteanum Britten [family RUBIACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. ser. 2, 4: 16 (1894).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3: 268 (1986). Type: Malawi, Mt. Mulanje, Whyte 48 (BM, holotype).
Anthospermum albohirtum Mildbr. [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 15: 637 (1941). Type from Tanzania.
Information
Non-dioecious (male, hermaphrodite + female or female) dwarf shrub, several- to many-stemmed, suberect or ± rounded and low. Stems 20–80( 125) cm. long, erect or ascending, mostly much-branched, branches ± erect or ascending, densely covered with whitish or reddish-brown hairs 0.2–0.9(1.2) mm. long. Leaves in whorls of 3, pseudo-verticillate; blades spreading to ascending, (2)3–11(15) x 0.8–3(5) mm., oblanceolate, narrowly .ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly both surfaces densely covered with whitish spreading hairs 0.2–0.5(0.9) mm. long, sometimes less hairy below except for midrib; margins mostly strongly revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath hairy, with a seta (0.6)1–2.5 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of 9–3 at nodes, female inflorescences occasionally somewhat congested and ± cylindrical; corolla 4-merous (very rarely also 5-merous in male or hermaphrodite), greenish-yellow to creamy yellow, at least near tips of lobes hairy outside. male, hermaphrodite: tube (0.7)1.2–2.2 mm. long (in male often somewhat smaller than in hermaphrodite), (narrowly) funnel-shaped, lobes (1.7)2–2.7(3.4) x (0.5)0.7–0.9 mm.; anthers 1.3–1.9 mm. long (in male often smaller than in hermaphrodite); male: small rudimentary ovary, sometimes also rudimentary stigmas present; hermaphrodite: stigmas 2–3.4 mm. long, ovary 0.7–1.2 x 0.5–0.8 mm., hairy, with 4 calyx lobes. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.3–0.7(1) x 0.2–0.3 mm.; style 0.3–0.8 mm. long; stigmas 2.7–12.2 mm. long; ovary as in hermaphrodite. Fruit reddish-brown; mericarps (1.6)1.8–2.2 x 0.7–1 mm., ± oblong, quite densely covered with whitish, often upwardly directed hairs 0.2–0.7 mm. long, usually with 2 small, ± triangular calyx lobes (0.2)0.3–0.7 x 0.2–0.3 mm., often hidden amongst hairs.
Habitat
Mostly on rocky outcrops
Altitude range
1250–2500 m.
2500
1250
Distribution
Mozambique MS Báruè, Serra de Choa, 26 km. from Vila Gouveia to the border, Torre & Correia 15401 (LISC).Mozambique T Angónia, N. part of Serra Dómuè, Macuáca & Mateus 1099 (LMA).Malawi S Blantyre Distr., Ndirande Mt., fl. 2.v.1970, Brummitt 10325 (K; SRGH).Malawi C Dedza Distr., Chongoni Forest Reserve, Chiwau (=Ciwao) Hill, fl. 16.v.1960, Chapman 707 (BM; K; MAL; PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe C Mt. Wedza, fl. 27.ii.1964, Wild 6352 (K; LISC; SRGH).Zimbabwe E Inyanga Distr., Juliasdale, 2 km. W. of Punch Rock, fl. 23.i.1973, Biegel 4162 (B; BR; K; LISC; MO; PRE; SRGH).Mozambique Z Gúruè, Namuli, Andrada 1858 (COI; LISC).Zambia E Mafinga Hills, 23.v.1973, Chisumpa 38 (K).Malawi N Nyika Plateau, at Chelinda Bridge, fl. 10.i.1974, Pawek 7935 (K; MAL; MO; SRGH).Zimbabwe N Mazoe, Iron Mask Hill, Eyles 343 (BM; BOL; SRGH; atypical).Zambia N Danger Hill, 29 km. NNE. of Mpika, fl. 18.ii.1970, Drummond & Williamson 9708 (K; SRGH).
Distribution (external)
S. Tanzania
Notes
A whyteanum seems to be capable of forming viable hybrids with any other shrubby or dwarf shrubby Anthospermum species, notably A. usambarense (Nyika Plateau; see 2., above), A. welwitschii (Mt. Mulanje; putative hybrids fairly common in some areas), A. rigidum subsp. pumilum (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids infrequent) and A. zimbabwense (E. Zimbabwe; putative hybrids probably rather common). Putative hybrids often seem to be more similar in appearance to A. whyteanum (hairy, but less densely so than ‘pure’ A. whyteanum); they are normally found together with the parental species in the same general area.Hutchinson & Gillett 4082 (K; SRGH) from Zambia (C), 32 miles NE. of Serenje Corner, 5200 ft., fl. 25.vii.1930, and Torre & Paiva 10309 (LISC) from Mozambique (N), Ribáuè, Serra de Ribáuè (Mepalué), c. 1600 m., fl. 28.i.1964, may represent an odd state of the species (rather glabrescent foliage); as mature fruits are absent, their true identity cannot be established with certainty.
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