Edit History
Anthospermum usambarense K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE]
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum usambarense K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], [in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 17: 165 (1893); in Abhandl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1894: 69 (1894): in observ.] in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 112 (1899).—Orth in Walter, Vegetationsbilder 25(8): t. 43a &b (1940).—Robyns, Fl. Sperm. Parc Nat. Albert 2: 372, t. 37, fig. 15 (1947).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Hedberg, Afroalp. Vasc. Pl.: 176, 328 (1957).—Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 425 (1961).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3:196 (1986). Syntypes from Tanzania.
Anthospermum leuconeuron K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 30: 416 (1902). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum prittwitzii K. Schum. & K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 39: 570 (1907). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum keilii K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 48: 431 (1912). Type from Burundi.
Anthospermum aberdaricum K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 609 (1929). Syntypes from Kenya.
Information
Dioecious shrub, single-stemmed, erect, 1–3 m. tall. Stems mostly much-branched above, branches ± regular, arising in threes (less commonly paired), often ascending to ± erect, usually shortly hairy, ± densely leafy. Leaves in whorls of 3 or, less often, decussate, pseudo-verticillate; blades (2)3–10(15) x 0.5–1.5(2) mm. (on new growth occasionally to 20 x 3 mm.), narrowly obovate, oblanceolate, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate to ± linear, mostly glabrous; margins often (strongly) revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath shortly hairy, with 3–7(8) setae, the longest 1–4.1 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of many at nodes, inflorescences rather dimorphic, in female often quite contracted, dense, ± cylindrical inflorescence zones; corolla 4-merous (very seldom 5-merous), greenish to creamy yellow, often dark purplish-red or -brown ringed outside, glabrous or with a few odd hairs. Male: tube 0.7–1.6 mm. long, funnel-shaped, lobes 1.4–2.4(2.7) x 0.6–1(1.4) mm.; anthers (0.7)1–1.7 mm. long; small rudimentary ovary mostly with 4 small calyx lobes, occasionally also rudimentary stigmas present. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.2–0.7 x 0.1–0.3 mm.; style 0–0.5 mm. long; stigmas 3–6.1 mm. long; ovary 0.7–0.8 x 0.5–0.6 mm., with 4 subequal or 2 longer and 2 shorter calyx lobes. Fruit reddish-brown, shiny or greyish-brown; mericarps 1.2–2.2(2.4) x 0.7–1 mm., ± obovate, oblong to elliptic, mostly glabrous, with 2 ± triangular calyx lobes 0.2–0.6 x 0.3–0.4 mm., one often larger than the other.
Habitat
Mostly in forest edge-grassland border in ‘ericaceous’ vegetation
Range
Centred in the tropical E. African mountains (S. Sudan to S. Tanzania).
Altitude range
c. 1850–2400 m.
2400
1850
Distribution
Malawi N Nyika Plateau, c. 23 km. SE. on Kasaramba road, fl. & fr. 23.iv.1976, Pawek 11206 (K; MO; PRE; SRGH; WAG).Zambia E Nyika Plateau, fl. & fr. 26.vi.1966, Fanshawe 9764 (K; SRGH).
Notes
There is some evidence that there are ± extensive hybrid populations A. usambarense x A. welwitschii in N. Malawi (Misuku Hills; e.g. Puff 781221–2/3; WU) and adjacent parts of Tanzania; suspected hybrids are ± intermediate in their characters and will either key out to one or the other species. The types of A. Leuconeuron, A. prittwitzii and A. uwembae Gilli [in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 77: 18 & fig. 1 (1973)] (all from S. Tanzania) may represent putative hybrid collections. The first two more closely approach A usambarense in their characters; A. uwembae is morphologically closer to A. welwitschii.There are also strong indications that A usambarense forms hybrids with A. whyteanum in areas where the two species grow in immediate vicinity, e.g. on the Nyika Plateau (Fanshawe 9747; K).
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum usambarense K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], [in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 17: 165 (1893); in Abhandl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1894: 69 (1894): in observ.] in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 112 (1899).—Orth in Walter, Vegetationsbilder 25(8): t. 43a &b (1940).—Robyns, Fl. Sperm. Parc Nat. Albert 2: 372, t. 37, fig. 15 (1947).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Hedberg, Afroalp. Vasc. Pl.: 176, 328 (1957).—Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 425 (1961).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3:196 (1986). Syntypes from Tanzania.
Anthospermum leuconeuron K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 30: 416 (1902). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum prittwitzii K. Schum. & K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 39: 570 (1907). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum keilii K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 48: 431 (1912). Type from Burundi.
Anthospermum aberdaricum K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 609 (1929). Syntypes from Kenya.
Information
Dioecious shrub, single-stemmed, erect, 1–3 m. tall. Stems mostly much-branched above, branches ± regular, arising in threes (less commonly paired), often ascending to ± erect, usually shortly hairy, ± densely leafy. Leaves in whorls of 3 or, less often, decussate, pseudo-verticillate; blades (2)3–10(15) x 0.5–1.5(2) mm. (on new growth occasionally to 20 x 3 mm.), narrowly obovate, oblanceolate, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate to ± linear, mostly glabrous; margins often (strongly) revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath shortly hairy, with 3–7(8) setae, the longest 1–4.1 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of many at nodes, inflorescences rather dimorphic, in female often quite contracted, dense, ± cylindrical inflorescence zones; corolla 4-merous (very seldom 5-merous), greenish to creamy yellow, often dark purplish-red or -brown ringed outside, glabrous or with a few odd hairs. Male: tube 0.7–1.6 mm. long, funnel-shaped, lobes 1.4–2.4(2.7) x 0.6–1(1.4) mm.; anthers (0.7)1–1.7 mm. long; small rudimentary ovary mostly with 4 small calyx lobes, occasionally also rudimentary stigmas present. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.2–0.7 x 0.1–0.3 mm.; style 0–0.5 mm. long; stigmas 3–6.1 mm. long; ovary 0.7–0.8 x 0.5–0.6 mm., with 4 subequal or 2 longer and 2 shorter calyx lobes. Fruit reddish-brown, shiny or greyish-brown; mericarps 1.2–2.2(2.4) x 0.7–1 mm., ± obovate, oblong to elliptic, mostly glabrous, with 2 ± triangular calyx lobes 0.2–0.6 x 0.3–0.4 mm., one often larger than the other.
Habitat
Mostly in forest edge-grassland border in ‘ericaceous’ vegetation
Range
Centred in the tropical E. African mountains (S. Sudan to S. Tanzania).
Altitude range
c. 1850–2400 m.
2400
1850
Distribution
Malawi N Nyika Plateau, c. 23 km. SE. on Kasaramba road, fl. & fr. 23.iv.1976, Pawek 11206 (K; MO; PRE; SRGH; WAG).Zambia E Nyika Plateau, fl. & fr. 26.vi.1966, Fanshawe 9764 (K; SRGH).
Notes
There is some evidence that there are ± extensive hybrid populations A. usambarense x A. welwitschii in N. Malawi (Misuku Hills; e.g. Puff 781221–2/3; WU) and adjacent parts of Tanzania; suspected hybrids are ± intermediate in their characters and will either key out to one or the other species. The types of A. Leuconeuron, A. prittwitzii and A. uwembae Gilli [in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 77: 18 & fig. 1 (1973)] (all from S. Tanzania) may represent putative hybrid collections. The first two more closely approach A usambarense in their characters; A. uwembae is morphologically closer to A. welwitschii.There are also strong indications that A usambarense forms hybrids with A. whyteanum in areas where the two species grow in immediate vicinity, e.g. on the Nyika Plateau (Fanshawe 9747; K).
Date Updated: 26 July 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 5, Part 1, (1989) Author: B. Verdcourt
Names
Anthospermum usambarense K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], [in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 17: 165 (1893); in Abhandl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1894: 69 (1894): in observ.] in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 28: 112 (1899).—Orth in Walter, Vegetationsbilder 25(8): t. 43a &b (1940).—Robyns, Fl. Sperm. Parc Nat. Albert 2: 372, t. 37, fig. 15 (1947).—Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 455 (1954).—Hedberg, Afroalp. Vasc. Pl.: 176, 328 (1957).—Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 425 (1961).—Verdc. in F.T.E.A., Rubiaceae 1: 331 (1976).—Puff in Pl. Syst. Evol., Suppl. 3:196 (1986). Syntypes from Tanzania.
Anthospermum leuconeuron K. Schum. [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 30: 416 (1902). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum prittwitzii K. Schum. & K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 39: 570 (1907). Type from Tanzania.
Anthospermum keilii K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 48: 431 (1912). Type from Burundi.
Anthospermum aberdaricum K. Krause [family RUBIACEAE], in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 609 (1929). Syntypes from Kenya.
Information
Dioecious shrub, single-stemmed, erect, 1–3 m. tall. Stems mostly much-branched above, branches ± regular, arising in threes (less commonly paired), often ascending to ± erect, usually shortly hairy, ± densely leafy. Leaves in whorls of 3 or, less often, decussate, pseudo-verticillate; blades (2)3–10(15) x 0.5–1.5(2) mm. (on new growth occasionally to 20 x 3 mm.), narrowly obovate, oblanceolate, oblong-elliptic, lanceolate to ± linear, mostly glabrous; margins often (strongly) revolute; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath shortly hairy, with 3–7(8) setae, the longest 1–4.1 mm. long. Flowers subsessile, in clusters of many at nodes, inflorescences rather dimorphic, in female often quite contracted, dense, ± cylindrical inflorescence zones; corolla 4-merous (very seldom 5-merous), greenish to creamy yellow, often dark purplish-red or -brown ringed outside, glabrous or with a few odd hairs. Male: tube 0.7–1.6 mm. long, funnel-shaped, lobes 1.4–2.4(2.7) x 0.6–1(1.4) mm.; anthers (0.7)1–1.7 mm. long; small rudimentary ovary mostly with 4 small calyx lobes, occasionally also rudimentary stigmas present. Female: tube 0.3–0.7 mm. long, lobes 0.2–0.7 x 0.1–0.3 mm.; style 0–0.5 mm. long; stigmas 3–6.1 mm. long; ovary 0.7–0.8 x 0.5–0.6 mm., with 4 subequal or 2 longer and 2 shorter calyx lobes. Fruit reddish-brown, shiny or greyish-brown; mericarps 1.2–2.2(2.4) x 0.7–1 mm., ± obovate, oblong to elliptic, mostly glabrous, with 2 ± triangular calyx lobes 0.2–0.6 x 0.3–0.4 mm., one often larger than the other.
Habitat
Mostly in forest edge-grassland border in ‘ericaceous’ vegetation
Range
Centred in the tropical E. African mountains (S. Sudan to S. Tanzania).
Altitude range
c. 1850–2400 m.
2400
1850
Distribution
Malawi N Nyika Plateau, c. 23 km. SE. on Kasaramba road, fl. & fr. 23.iv.1976, Pawek 11206 (K; MO; PRE; SRGH; WAG).Zambia E Nyika Plateau, fl. & fr. 26.vi.1966, Fanshawe 9764 (K; SRGH).
Notes
There is some evidence that there are ± extensive hybrid populations A. usambarense x A. welwitschii in N. Malawi (Misuku Hills; e.g. Puff 781221–2/3; WU) and adjacent parts of Tanzania; suspected hybrids are ± intermediate in their characters and will either key out to one or the other species. The types of A. Leuconeuron, A. prittwitzii and A. uwembae Gilli [in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 77: 18 & fig. 1 (1973)] (all from S. Tanzania) may represent putative hybrid collections. The first two more closely approach A usambarense in their characters; A. uwembae is morphologically closer to A. welwitschii.There are also strong indications that A usambarense forms hybrids with A. whyteanum in areas where the two species grow in immediate vicinity, e.g. on the Nyika Plateau (Fanshawe 9747; K).
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