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Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE]

Date Updated: 26 July 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 4, Part 0, page 33, (1978) Author: F. White
Names
Hirtella thouarsiana Baill. ex Laness. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], Pl. Ut. Col. Fr.: 874 (1886). Type from Madagascar. Acioa goetzeana Engl. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], Bot. Jahrb. 30: 315, t. 12 (1901). Type from Tanzania. Hirtella zanzibarica var. cryptadenia Brenan [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], tom. cit.: 11 (1946). Type from Zanzibar. Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], in Hook., Ic. Pl. 12: 81, t. 1193 (1876).—Brenan in Trop. Woods 86: 5 (1946); in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 431 (1954).—R. A. Grab. in F.T.E.A., Rosaceae: 54, t. 8 fig. 5–6 (1957).—Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 403 (1961).—Gomes e Sousa, Dendrol. Moçamb. Estudo Geral 1: 215 (1966).—Wild & Barbosa, Fl. Zamb. Suppl.: 12, 13, 26 (1967).—Chapman & White, Evergr. For. Malawi: 40 (1970). TAB. 9 fig. B. Type from Mafia I., East Africa.
Information
Small or medium-sized evergreen tree up to 20 m. tall, but sometimes flowering as a shrub 1–5 m. tall. Leaf-lamina up to 12 x 5 cm., lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, apex acutely subacuminate, base rounded, slightly asymmetric, glabrous on both surfaces except for a few strigulose hairs, venation raised and closely reticulate on upper surface; petiole 0·3–0·4 cm. long; stipules up to 0·5 cm. long, subulate, persistent. Inflorescence many-flowered, somewhat congested, a terminal or axillary thyrse; lateral branches 1–3-flowered and also bearing several sterile bracts; bracts c. 0·3 cm. long, margin with many sessile to long-stipitate glands; pedicels 0·1–0·15 cm. long. Receptacle-tube c. 0·8 cm. long, straight, narrowly cylindric, ending in a free annular disk at the throat, densely tomentellous outside, glabrous in lower 1/2 inside. Sepals 0·6–0·7 x 0·35 cm., spreading, usually with a few shortly stipitate glands on the recurved margins, both surfaces tomentellous, the inner much paler than the outer. Petals 0·3–0·4 cm. long, oblong-elliptic, slightly asymmetric, very shortly unguiculate. Stamens c. 9; filaments c. 1·0 cm. long, inserted on abaxial surface of the disk; Staminodes c. 3, subulate, 0·05 cm. long. Style 1·0 cm. long, hirsute for greater part of length. Drupe up to 2·8 x 1·7 cm., ellipsoid or obovoid, suddenly contracted at the base, sparsely pubescent.
Habitat
Widespread in fringing forest and in various types of coastal forest. In Mozambique it is one of the most characteristic and abundant trees in dense semi-deciduous forest at low altitudes dominated by Pteleopsis myrtifolia and Erythrophleum suaveolens especially in wetter areas.
Altitude range
50–1350 m. 1350 50
Distribution
Mozambique MS Beira Distr., nr. Dondo, fl. 5.ix.1944, Mendonfa 2009 (LISC).Mozambique Z serra do Gúruè, waterfall of Lucungo R., 1300m., fr. 9.xi.1967, Torre & Correia 16032 (LISC).Malawi C Kota-kota Distr., Chia area, 480 m., fl. fr. 3.ix.1946, Brass 17514 (EA; K; LISC).Mozambique N Ribaue, 900 m., fr. ix.1931, Gomes e Sousa 750 (K; LISC; LM).Malawi N eastern slopes of Vipya Plateau, occurring on banks of Lonjoswa R. for several km. upstream from Luweya R., 915–1065 m., st. 29.x.1964, Chapman 2275 (FHO).
Distribution (external)
Kenya Tanzania Mafia I. Zanzibar Madagascar

Date Updated: 26 July 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 4, Part 0, page 33, (1978) Author: F. White
Names
Hirtella thouarsiana Baill. ex Laness. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], Pl. Ut. Col. Fr.: 874 (1886). Type from Madagascar. Acioa goetzeana Engl. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], Bot. Jahrb. 30: 315, t. 12 (1901). Type from Tanzania. Hirtella zanzibarica var. cryptadenia Brenan [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], tom. cit.: 11 (1946). Type from Zanzibar. Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE], in Hook., Ic. Pl. 12: 81, t. 1193 (1876).—Brenan in Trop. Woods 86: 5 (1946); in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 431 (1954).—R. A. Grab. in F.T.E.A., Rosaceae: 54, t. 8 fig. 5–6 (1957).—Dale & Greenway, Kenya Trees & Shrubs: 403 (1961).—Gomes e Sousa, Dendrol. Moçamb. Estudo Geral 1: 215 (1966).—Wild & Barbosa, Fl. Zamb. Suppl.: 12, 13, 26 (1967).—Chapman & White, Evergr. For. Malawi: 40 (1970). TAB. 9 fig. B. Type from Mafia I., East Africa.
Information
Small or medium-sized evergreen tree up to 20 m. tall, but sometimes flowering as a shrub 1–5 m. tall. Leaf-lamina up to 12 x 5 cm., lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, apex acutely subacuminate, base rounded, slightly asymmetric, glabrous on both surfaces except for a few strigulose hairs, venation raised and closely reticulate on upper surface; petiole 0·3–0·4 cm. long; stipules up to 0·5 cm. long, subulate, persistent. Inflorescence many-flowered, somewhat congested, a terminal or axillary thyrse; lateral branches 1–3-flowered and also bearing several sterile bracts; bracts c. 0·3 cm. long, margin with many sessile to long-stipitate glands; pedicels 0·1–0·15 cm. long. Receptacle-tube c. 0·8 cm. long, straight, narrowly cylindric, ending in a free annular disk at the throat, densely tomentellous outside, glabrous in lower 1/2 inside. Sepals 0·6–0·7 x 0·35 cm., spreading, usually with a few shortly stipitate glands on the recurved margins, both surfaces tomentellous, the inner much paler than the outer. Petals 0·3–0·4 cm. long, oblong-elliptic, slightly asymmetric, very shortly unguiculate. Stamens c. 9; filaments c. 1·0 cm. long, inserted on abaxial surface of the disk; Staminodes c. 3, subulate, 0·05 cm. long. Style 1·0 cm. long, hirsute for greater part of length. Drupe up to 2·8 x 1·7 cm., ellipsoid or obovoid, suddenly contracted at the base, sparsely pubescent.
Habitat
Widespread in fringing forest and in various types of coastal forest. In Mozambique it is one of the most characteristic and abundant trees in dense semi-deciduous forest at low altitudes dominated by Pteleopsis myrtifolia and Erythrophleum suaveolens especially in wetter areas.
Altitude range
50–1350 m. 1350 50
Distribution
Mozambique MS Beira Distr., nr. Dondo, fl. 5.ix.1944, Mendonfa 2009 (LISC).Mozambique Z serra do Gúruè, waterfall of Lucungo R., 1300m., fr. 9.xi.1967, Torre & Correia 16032 (LISC).Malawi C Kota-kota Distr., Chia area, 480 m., fl. fr. 3.ix.1946, Brass 17514 (EA; K; LISC).Mozambique N Ribaue, 900 m., fr. ix.1931, Gomes e Sousa 750 (K; LISC; LM).Malawi N eastern slopes of Vipya Plateau, occurring on banks of Lonjoswa R. for several km. upstream from Luweya R., 915–1065 m., st. 29.x.1964, Chapman 2275 (FHO).
Distribution (external)
Kenya Tanzania Mafia I. Zanzibar Madagascar
Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. [family CHRYSOBALANACEAE]
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