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Thunbergia usambarica Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE]

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: Kaj Vollesen
Names
Thunbergia usambarica Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in E.J. 17: 89 (1893) & in P.O.A. C: 366 (1895); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 23 (1899); Iversen in Symb. Bot. Ups. 29, 3: 162 (1991); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 266 (1994); Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Tanzania, Lushoto District: Usambara Mts, Holst 215 (B†, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia alba S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.B. 48: 250 (1910); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 505 (1997). Type: Uganda, Toro District: Fort Portal, Bagshawe 1267 (BM!, holo.) Thunbergia swynnertonii S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.L.S. 40: 157 (1911); Binns, Checklist Herb. Fl. Malawi: 16 (1968); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Zimbabwe, Chirinda Forest, Swynnerton 339 (BM!, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia cordata Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in P.O.A. C: 365 (1895) & in E.J. 24: 310 (1897); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 22 (1899); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 506 (1997), nom. illeg., non Colla (1824). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Useri, Volkens 1968 (B†, holo.) Thunbergia humbertii Mildbr. [family ACANTHACEAE], in B.J.B.B. 14: 354 (1937), nom. illeg., non Benoist (1926). Type: Congo-Kinshasa, W of Lake Kivu, Tshibinda, Humbert 7480 (BR!, holo.; BR!, iso.) Thunbergia petersiana [family ACANTHACEAE], [sensu Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996), quoad Mmari 12 and Shabani 1291, non Lindau (1893)]
Information
Erect or straggling perennial herb from creeping woody rootstock; stems to 1 m long, quadrangular, glabrous to puberulous (rarely pubescent), with conspicuous bands of glossy setose hairs at nodes. Leaves thin, glossy, palmately veined; petiole 1–10 cm long, puberulous and distinctly ciliate; lamina ovate or broadly so (rarely oblong-lanceolate), largest (4–)6–14(–16.5)≈(2.3–)3–7.5(–10.5) cm, apex acute to acuminate (rarely obtuse), apiculate, base subcordate to deeply cordate with rounded to hastate lobes, margin entire to crenate (rarely sharply dentate), glabrous to puberulous, mainly on veins or with longer glossy setose hairs on veins. Flowers solitary (rarely paired or very rarely in 3’s); pedicels 2–6(–7) cm long, glabrous (rarely sparsely puberulous near apex); bracteoles green, with conspicuous raised dark green reticulation, lanceolate- or ovate-oblong, 1–1.9≈0.4–0.8(–1) cm, acute, with sparse to dense long (to 2 mm) glossy glandular hairs on veins and margins, more rarely glabrous. Calyx minutely puberulous, 1–3(–5 in fruit) mm high of which the broadly triangular lobes about half. Corolla white with yellow throat, more rarely pale lilac; tube 2–3.2 cm long; lobes 1–1.5(–2)≈1.5–2(–2.5) cm. Filaments 7–9 mm long, basal part glandular; anthers 2–2.5 mm long. Style with scattered glands. Capsule 8–9 mm in diameter, beak 14–16 mm, long. Seed reddish brown, ± 6 mm in diameter, reticulate to spinulose near apex.
Range
DISTR. U 2; K 3, 5; T 2, 3, 5, 7, 8
Altitude range
(1350–)1650–2450 m
Distribution
KENYA Nandi District Kapsabet, Yala River, no date, G.R. Williams & Piers 594!KENYA North Kavirondo District Kakamega Forest, near Yala River, 25 Nov. 1969, Bally 13680! & Kakamega Forest, Kisieni–Ikuywa, 7 May 1971, Mabberley & Tweedie 1107!TANZANIA Lushoto District W Usambara Mts, Magamba Forest, 1 March 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 1360!TANZANIA Iringa District Dabaga Highlands, Kibengu, 13 Feb. 1962, Polhill & Paulo 1462!TANZANIA Njombe District Livingstone Mts, Madunda Mission, 2 Feb. 1951, Richards 14097!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal, 20 Oct. 1906, Bagshawe 1267!UGANDA Kigezi District Luhiza, June 1951, Purseglove 3670! & 20 km S of Nyaiguru, 15 Dec. 1982, Katende 1479!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa Rwanda Burundi Malawi Mozambique Zimbabwe South Africa
Notes
Very similar to T. petersiana from which it differs in a smaller usually white corolla. Ecologically the two are more or less separate with T. usambarica growing at higher altitudes. The only two collections (Hornby 498 & 2062) seen from T 5 (Kiboriani Mt) differ from all other material in the very wide shortly petiolate leaves but are otherwise quite typical. This locality is very isolated from the rest of the distribution area in Tanzania, and further collections are needed to prove whether this form might be worthy of taxonomic recognition.

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: Kaj Vollesen
Names
Thunbergia usambarica Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in E.J. 17: 89 (1893) & in P.O.A. C: 366 (1895); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 23 (1899); Iversen in Symb. Bot. Ups. 29, 3: 162 (1991); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 266 (1994); Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Tanzania, Lushoto District: Usambara Mts, Holst 215 (B†, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia alba S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.B. 48: 250 (1910); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 505 (1997). Type: Uganda, Toro District: Fort Portal, Bagshawe 1267 (BM!, holo.) Thunbergia swynnertonii S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.L.S. 40: 157 (1911); Binns, Checklist Herb. Fl. Malawi: 16 (1968); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Zimbabwe, Chirinda Forest, Swynnerton 339 (BM!, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia cordata Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in P.O.A. C: 365 (1895) & in E.J. 24: 310 (1897); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 22 (1899); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 506 (1997), nom. illeg., non Colla (1824). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Useri, Volkens 1968 (B†, holo.) Thunbergia humbertii Mildbr. [family ACANTHACEAE], in B.J.B.B. 14: 354 (1937), nom. illeg., non Benoist (1926). Type: Congo-Kinshasa, W of Lake Kivu, Tshibinda, Humbert 7480 (BR!, holo.; BR!, iso.) Thunbergia petersiana [family ACANTHACEAE], [sensu Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996), quoad Mmari 12 and Shabani 1291, non Lindau (1893)]
Information
Erect or straggling perennial herb from creeping woody rootstock; stems to 1 m long, quadrangular, glabrous to puberulous (rarely pubescent), with conspicuous bands of glossy setose hairs at nodes. Leaves thin, glossy, palmately veined; petiole 1–10 cm long, puberulous and distinctly ciliate; lamina ovate or broadly so (rarely oblong-lanceolate), largest (4–)6–14(–16.5)≈(2.3–)3–7.5(–10.5) cm, apex acute to acuminate (rarely obtuse), apiculate, base subcordate to deeply cordate with rounded to hastate lobes, margin entire to crenate (rarely sharply dentate), glabrous to puberulous, mainly on veins or with longer glossy setose hairs on veins. Flowers solitary (rarely paired or very rarely in 3’s); pedicels 2–6(–7) cm long, glabrous (rarely sparsely puberulous near apex); bracteoles green, with conspicuous raised dark green reticulation, lanceolate- or ovate-oblong, 1–1.9≈0.4–0.8(–1) cm, acute, with sparse to dense long (to 2 mm) glossy glandular hairs on veins and margins, more rarely glabrous. Calyx minutely puberulous, 1–3(–5 in fruit) mm high of which the broadly triangular lobes about half. Corolla white with yellow throat, more rarely pale lilac; tube 2–3.2 cm long; lobes 1–1.5(–2)≈1.5–2(–2.5) cm. Filaments 7–9 mm long, basal part glandular; anthers 2–2.5 mm long. Style with scattered glands. Capsule 8–9 mm in diameter, beak 14–16 mm, long. Seed reddish brown, ± 6 mm in diameter, reticulate to spinulose near apex.
Range
DISTR. U 2; K 3, 5; T 2, 3, 5, 7, 8
Altitude range
(1350–)1650–2450 m
Distribution
KENYA Nandi District Kapsabet, Yala River, no date, G.R. Williams & Piers 594!KENYA North Kavirondo District Kakamega Forest, near Yala River, 25 Nov. 1969, Bally 13680! & Kakamega Forest, Kisieni–Ikuywa, 7 May 1971, Mabberley & Tweedie 1107!TANZANIA Lushoto District W Usambara Mts, Magamba Forest, 1 March 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 1360!TANZANIA Iringa District Dabaga Highlands, Kibengu, 13 Feb. 1962, Polhill & Paulo 1462!TANZANIA Njombe District Livingstone Mts, Madunda Mission, 2 Feb. 1951, Richards 14097!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal, 20 Oct. 1906, Bagshawe 1267!UGANDA Kigezi District Luhiza, June 1951, Purseglove 3670! & 20 km S of Nyaiguru, 15 Dec. 1982, Katende 1479!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa Rwanda Burundi Malawi Mozambique Zimbabwe South Africa
Notes
Very similar to T. petersiana from which it differs in a smaller usually white corolla. Ecologically the two are more or less separate with T. usambarica growing at higher altitudes. The only two collections (Hornby 498 & 2062) seen from T 5 (Kiboriani Mt) differ from all other material in the very wide shortly petiolate leaves but are otherwise quite typical. This locality is very isolated from the rest of the distribution area in Tanzania, and further collections are needed to prove whether this form might be worthy of taxonomic recognition.

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: Kaj Vollesen
Names
Thunbergia usambarica Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in E.J. 17: 89 (1893) & in P.O.A. C: 366 (1895); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 23 (1899); Iversen in Symb. Bot. Ups. 29, 3: 162 (1991); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 266 (1994); Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Tanzania, Lushoto District: Usambara Mts, Holst 215 (B†, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia alba S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.B. 48: 250 (1910); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 505 (1997). Type: Uganda, Toro District: Fort Portal, Bagshawe 1267 (BM!, holo.) Thunbergia swynnertonii S.Moore [family ACANTHACEAE], in J.L.S. 40: 157 (1911); Binns, Checklist Herb. Fl. Malawi: 16 (1968); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 507 (1997). Type: Zimbabwe, Chirinda Forest, Swynnerton 339 (BM!, holo.; K!, iso.) Thunbergia cordata Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE], in P.O.A. C: 365 (1895) & in E.J. 24: 310 (1897); Burkill in F.T.A. 5: 22 (1899); Lebrun & Stork, Enum. Pl. Afr. Trop. 4: 506 (1997), nom. illeg., non Colla (1824). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Useri, Volkens 1968 (B†, holo.) Thunbergia humbertii Mildbr. [family ACANTHACEAE], in B.J.B.B. 14: 354 (1937), nom. illeg., non Benoist (1926). Type: Congo-Kinshasa, W of Lake Kivu, Tshibinda, Humbert 7480 (BR!, holo.; BR!, iso.) Thunbergia petersiana [family ACANTHACEAE], [sensu Ruffo et al., Cat. Lushoto Herb. Tanzania: 11 (1996), quoad Mmari 12 and Shabani 1291, non Lindau (1893)]
Information
Erect or straggling perennial herb from creeping woody rootstock; stems to 1 m long, quadrangular, glabrous to puberulous (rarely pubescent), with conspicuous bands of glossy setose hairs at nodes. Leaves thin, glossy, palmately veined; petiole 1–10 cm long, puberulous and distinctly ciliate; lamina ovate or broadly so (rarely oblong-lanceolate), largest (4–)6–14(–16.5)≈(2.3–)3–7.5(–10.5) cm, apex acute to acuminate (rarely obtuse), apiculate, base subcordate to deeply cordate with rounded to hastate lobes, margin entire to crenate (rarely sharply dentate), glabrous to puberulous, mainly on veins or with longer glossy setose hairs on veins. Flowers solitary (rarely paired or very rarely in 3’s); pedicels 2–6(–7) cm long, glabrous (rarely sparsely puberulous near apex); bracteoles green, with conspicuous raised dark green reticulation, lanceolate- or ovate-oblong, 1–1.9≈0.4–0.8(–1) cm, acute, with sparse to dense long (to 2 mm) glossy glandular hairs on veins and margins, more rarely glabrous. Calyx minutely puberulous, 1–3(–5 in fruit) mm high of which the broadly triangular lobes about half. Corolla white with yellow throat, more rarely pale lilac; tube 2–3.2 cm long; lobes 1–1.5(–2)≈1.5–2(–2.5) cm. Filaments 7–9 mm long, basal part glandular; anthers 2–2.5 mm long. Style with scattered glands. Capsule 8–9 mm in diameter, beak 14–16 mm, long. Seed reddish brown, ± 6 mm in diameter, reticulate to spinulose near apex.
Range
DISTR. U 2; K 3, 5; T 2, 3, 5, 7, 8
Altitude range
(1350–)1650–2450 m
Distribution
KENYA Nandi District Kapsabet, Yala River, no date, G.R. Williams & Piers 594!KENYA North Kavirondo District Kakamega Forest, near Yala River, 25 Nov. 1969, Bally 13680! & Kakamega Forest, Kisieni–Ikuywa, 7 May 1971, Mabberley & Tweedie 1107!TANZANIA Lushoto District W Usambara Mts, Magamba Forest, 1 March 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 1360!TANZANIA Iringa District Dabaga Highlands, Kibengu, 13 Feb. 1962, Polhill & Paulo 1462!TANZANIA Njombe District Livingstone Mts, Madunda Mission, 2 Feb. 1951, Richards 14097!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal, 20 Oct. 1906, Bagshawe 1267!UGANDA Kigezi District Luhiza, June 1951, Purseglove 3670! & 20 km S of Nyaiguru, 15 Dec. 1982, Katende 1479!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa Rwanda Burundi Malawi Mozambique Zimbabwe South Africa
Notes
Very similar to T. petersiana from which it differs in a smaller usually white corolla. Ecologically the two are more or less separate with T. usambarica growing at higher altitudes. The only two collections (Hornby 498 & 2062) seen from T 5 (Kiboriani Mt) differ from all other material in the very wide shortly petiolate leaves but are otherwise quite typical. This locality is very isolated from the rest of the distribution area in Tanzania, and further collections are needed to prove whether this form might be worthy of taxonomic recognition.
Thunbergia usambarica Lindau [family ACANTHACEAE]
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