Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2006) Author: VANESSA PLANA, MARTIN J.S. SANDS & HENK J. BEENTJE
Names
Begonia sutherlandii Hook.f. [family BEGONIACEAE], in Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5689 (1868); Irmsch. in E.J. 81: 162 (1961); Wilczek in F.C.B., Begoniaceae: 50 (1969); Kupicha in F.Z. 4: 503 (1978); Cribb & Leedal, Mountain Fl. S Tanzania: 55, pl. 8b (1982). Type: specimen cultivated in UK, York, June 1867, Backhouse s.n. (not found)
Begonia flava Marais [family BEGONIACEAE], in Fl. Pl. S. Afr. 31: t. 1233 (1956); Irmsch. in E.J. 81: 172 (1962). Type: Mozambique, Manica, Garuso, 1952, Schweikerdt s.n. (PRE, holo.)
Begonia sutherlandii Irmsch. var. subcuneata [family BEGONIACEAE], in E.J. 81: 164 (1962). Type: Tanzania, Rungwe District: Kyimbila, Stolz 1042 (B, holo.)
Begonia sutherlandii (Irmsch.) Kupicha subsp. latior [family BEGONIACEAE], in F.Z. 4: 503 (1978). Type: Zambia, above Mukuma, Inono Falls, Richards 3699 (B, holo.; K, SRGH, iso.)
Begonia sutherlandii Irmsch. forma densiserrata [family BEGONIACEAE], in E.J. 81: 169, t. 9 fig. 2 (1961). Type: Tanzania, Mbeya District: Utengule, Stolz 160 (B, holo.)
Begonia sutherlandii Irmsch. var. rubrifolia [family BEGONIACEAE], in E.J. 81: 169 (1962). Type: Tanzania, Njombe District: Kipengere Range, Richards 7767 (K!, holo.)
Begonia sutherlandii Irmsch. var. minuscula [family BEGONIACEAE], in E.J. 81: 170 (1962); Wilczek in F.C.B., Begoniaceae: 51 (1969). Type: Tanzania, Songea District: Matogoro Hills, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 8471 (K!, holo.)
Information
Perennial herb 10–50 cm high, epiphytic or terrestrial; tuber depressed-ellipsoid, to 6 cm in diameter, red or orange inside; stem often red, sparsely branched, fleshy, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Stipules pink, asymmetrically ovate-oblong, 3–15 mm long, irregularly ciliate-dentate or fimbriate, acute to acuminate. Leaves green above, the margin and veins red, reddish beneath, ovate to lanceolate in outline, asymmetric, 2.5–20 cm long, 1.5–14.5 cm wide, one side 1.5–2 times wider than the other and with a basal lobe often 1/4 to 1/6 of the total lamina length, base cordate and very unequal, margin often shallowly lobed, always serrate, apex attenuate, sparsely to densely hairy; venation palmate-pinnate; bulbils sometimes present in leaf-axils; petiole red, 1–10 cm long, with or without a ring of hairs at the junction with the lamina. Flowers in axillary bisexual cymes with 1–2 dichasia; peduncle red, 2–6 cm long; bracts persistent and conspicuous, green or pink, obovate, 2.5–12 mm long, acute; pedicels 7–40 mm long. Male flowers: tepals 4, orange or rarely yellow, the outer suborbicular, ovate or elliptic, 7–18≈6–15 mm, the inner elliptic to spatulate, 6–15≈4.5–8(–11) mm; stamens 40–60, filaments 0.5–3 mm long; anthers oblong, 0.7–1.8 mm long. Female flowers: tepals 5, orange or yellow, the outer elliptic or ovate, 6–17 mm long, 5–11 mm wide, the innermost elliptic, to 14.5≈6.2 mm; ovary ellipsoid, 4.5–9≈2–5 mm, 3-locular, 3-winged; placentation axile, placentas undivided; styles three, caducous, divided about halfway, the branches twisted, with a continuous undulating stigmatic band. Fruit an ellipsoid or cylindrical capsule, 6–28 mm long, 3–7 mm in diameter excluding the wings; wings subequal, triangular, 6–14 mm wide, sometimes extending distally beyond the capsule; dehiscence along the junction with the wing. Fig. 3, p. 16.
Altitude range
950–2200(–2800) m
Distribution
TANZANIA Kigoma District Kasye Forest, 19 Mar. 1994, Bidgood, Mbago & Vollesen 2819!TANZANIA Iringa District Mt Image, 1 Mar. 1962, Polhill & Paulo 1629!TANZANIA Rungwe District Rungwe Forest Reserve, Jan. 1954, Semsei 1574!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa
Zambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
South Africa
Notes
CONSERVATION Least concern (LC); widespread but uncommon in Flora area. Irmscher described a considerable number of sub-specific taxa, exhibiting only minor differences. Two subspecies upheld in F.Z. are a good example: subsp. sutherlandii :leaves narrowly ovate, 2.5–7 cm long, the margin coarsely serrate; petiole 0.7–2.5 cm long; and subsp. latior (Irmsch.) Kupicha: leaves oblong, 5–14 cm long, broadest at the middle, the margin finely serrate; petiole 1–8 cm long. There are numerous intermediates, for example with large leaves and coarsely dentate margins, or with small leaves with rather long petioles. Accordingly, for this Flora, a broader approach is taken and B. sutherlandii is seen as a single variable taxon. The type was said by Irmscher to be from South Africa, Natal, without further locality, Dec. 1861, Sutherland s.n. (K, holo.); but the protologue clearly says that the description has been drawn up from a specimen cultivated in UK, York, June 1867, Backhouse s.n. (not found)