Edit History
Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K.Schum. [family STERCULIACEAE]
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, Author: MARTIN CHEEK AND LAURENCE DORR
Names
Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K.Schum. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 15: 135 (1892) & in P.O.A. C: 271 (1895) & in E.M. 5: 104 (1900); T.T.C.L.: 602 (1949); Germain in F.C.B. 10: 267 (1963); Wild in F.Z. 1: 555, t. 104/E (1961); Troupin, Fl. Pl. lign. Rwanda: 667, t. 230/2 (1982). Types: Mozambique, Sena, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.); Macanga, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.)
Cola quinqeloba Garcke [family STERCULIACEAE], in Peters, Reise Moss. Bot. 1: 130 (1861); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 224 (1868)
Sterculia livingstoneana Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 592 (1907) fide Wild in F.Z. 1: 555 (1961). Type: Zimbabwe, Engler 2936 (B, holo., probably destroyed)
Sterculia leguminosacea K.Schum. & Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 593 (1907); T.T.C.L.: 603 (1949). Types: Tanzania: Tabora, Meigwa, Holtz 1405 & Kilwa District: Mandandu, Busse 113 (both B, syn., probably destroyed), syn. nov.
Sterculia quinqueloba Sim [family STERCULIACEAE], For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 18, t.6 (1909). Type: Mozambique, Maganja da Costa, Sim 998 (PRE, holo.)
Information
Deciduous tree 2.7–21(–40) m tall, rarely a shrub, producing a clear hard gum; bole to 1 m in diameter, bark smooth and grey, often powdered with white dust and flaking in large plates, so variegated with white and red; slash orange or pink, sapwood white, exudate slight, watery; ultimate branchlets 9–18 mm thick, purplish grey; bud-scales triangular, 7–12 mm long, 3.5–7 mm wide. Leaf-blade orbicular in outline, strongly 5-lobed, 8–36 cm long, 10–34 cm wide, the lobes triangular–acuminate, subequal, the apical lobe 4.5–13 cm long, 3.5–10.5 cm wide, base deeply cordate, edges of the sinus overlapping, sinus 2–5 cm long, glabrous to subscabrid with sparse stellate and simple hairs above (densely tomentose when young), softly tomentose with sparse to very dense, fine stellate hairs beneath; petiole terete, 6–18 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, tomentose to pilose with a mixture of fine, small stellate and simple hairs with large, stout, pointed hairs filled with yellowish gum; stipules caducous. Inflorescence usually borne with the leaves, 3–8 per stem, each 15–32 cm long, 6–11 cm wide, indumentum sticky, as petiole, the fluid often exuded, the hairs appearing capitate; peduncle with numerous branches, 1.5–5(–7) mm thick at base, lowest branch 3–11 cm from the base, 7–12 cm long, with 7–9 partial peduncles, each (3–)5(–7)-flowered; bracts caducous, elliptic and acuminate, 3–7 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, velutinous; pedicels 1.5–5 mm long. Flowers with perianth pale or yellowish green, sweetly scented, campanulate, 3–4 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, (4–)5 triangular teeth each 1 mm long and wide, sometimes slightly reflexed, indumentum as inflorescence outside, inside largely of stout simple hairs. Male flowers with androphore ± 1.5 mm long. Fruit often with all 5 follicles developed, each cylindrical, 4.5–8.2 cm long, 1–1.3 cm wide, with a rostrum 0.3–1.6 cm long and a basal stipe 1.7–2.5 cm long, thickly tomentose, yellow-brown, sticky and fragrant; when dehisced 2.5–3 cm wide, revealing a mauve, tomentose inner surface; seeds ellipsoid, 7 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. Fig. 1/5, 11, p. 6.
Range
DISTR. T 1, 3–8
Altitude range
90–1650 m
Distribution
TANZANIA Shinyanga District Shinyanga, Koritschoner 1984!TANZANIA Tabora District Tabora, Simbo Forest Reserve, 17 May 1977, Ruffo 943!TANZANIA Songea District Litenga Hill, 19 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9779!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa
Burundi
Angola
Zambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Notes
LOCAL USES. Larger trees have been described as providing very hard timber for planks and sleepers (Hendry 528). However, this may well be a case of mistaken identity as other sources e.g. Semsei 848 describe the wood as soft and easy to work. “Wood soft, wood for making bee-hives” (JC Newman 140). The boiled bark is reported as being used as an enema for constipation (Pirozynski 360). “Food plant of chimpanzees” (Uehara 131); “leaves eaten by chimpanzees” (Nishida 82). This species is here assessed as “Least Concern” in view of its large geographic range and because of its wide habitat range. Although S. leguminosacea is now known only from the original description drawn up from two collections which both lacked flowers and leaves, the fact that the follicles were described as glandular-tomentose and stipitate leaves no doubt that the true identity of this material is S. quinqueloba. S. quinqueloba is sometimes confused with the unrelated S. appendiculata. The differences are discussed under the latter. The lowest altitudinal record is derived from Luke (pers. comm.), who cites Luke et. al. 5588, Selous Game Reserve.
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, Author: MARTIN CHEEK AND LAURENCE DORR
Names
Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K.Schum. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 15: 135 (1892) & in P.O.A. C: 271 (1895) & in E.M. 5: 104 (1900); T.T.C.L.: 602 (1949); Germain in F.C.B. 10: 267 (1963); Wild in F.Z. 1: 555, t. 104/E (1961); Troupin, Fl. Pl. lign. Rwanda: 667, t. 230/2 (1982). Types: Mozambique, Sena, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.); Macanga, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.)
Cola quinqeloba Garcke [family STERCULIACEAE], in Peters, Reise Moss. Bot. 1: 130 (1861); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 224 (1868)
Sterculia livingstoneana Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 592 (1907) fide Wild in F.Z. 1: 555 (1961). Type: Zimbabwe, Engler 2936 (B, holo., probably destroyed)
Sterculia leguminosacea K.Schum. & Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 593 (1907); T.T.C.L.: 603 (1949). Types: Tanzania: Tabora, Meigwa, Holtz 1405 & Kilwa District: Mandandu, Busse 113 (both B, syn., probably destroyed), syn. nov.
Sterculia quinqueloba Sim [family STERCULIACEAE], For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 18, t.6 (1909). Type: Mozambique, Maganja da Costa, Sim 998 (PRE, holo.)
Information
Deciduous tree 2.7–21(–40) m tall, rarely a shrub, producing a clear hard gum; bole to 1 m in diameter, bark smooth and grey, often powdered with white dust and flaking in large plates, so variegated with white and red; slash orange or pink, sapwood white, exudate slight, watery; ultimate branchlets 9–18 mm thick, purplish grey; bud-scales triangular, 7–12 mm long, 3.5–7 mm wide. Leaf-blade orbicular in outline, strongly 5-lobed, 8–36 cm long, 10–34 cm wide, the lobes triangular–acuminate, subequal, the apical lobe 4.5–13 cm long, 3.5–10.5 cm wide, base deeply cordate, edges of the sinus overlapping, sinus 2–5 cm long, glabrous to subscabrid with sparse stellate and simple hairs above (densely tomentose when young), softly tomentose with sparse to very dense, fine stellate hairs beneath; petiole terete, 6–18 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, tomentose to pilose with a mixture of fine, small stellate and simple hairs with large, stout, pointed hairs filled with yellowish gum; stipules caducous. Inflorescence usually borne with the leaves, 3–8 per stem, each 15–32 cm long, 6–11 cm wide, indumentum sticky, as petiole, the fluid often exuded, the hairs appearing capitate; peduncle with numerous branches, 1.5–5(–7) mm thick at base, lowest branch 3–11 cm from the base, 7–12 cm long, with 7–9 partial peduncles, each (3–)5(–7)-flowered; bracts caducous, elliptic and acuminate, 3–7 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, velutinous; pedicels 1.5–5 mm long. Flowers with perianth pale or yellowish green, sweetly scented, campanulate, 3–4 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, (4–)5 triangular teeth each 1 mm long and wide, sometimes slightly reflexed, indumentum as inflorescence outside, inside largely of stout simple hairs. Male flowers with androphore ± 1.5 mm long. Fruit often with all 5 follicles developed, each cylindrical, 4.5–8.2 cm long, 1–1.3 cm wide, with a rostrum 0.3–1.6 cm long and a basal stipe 1.7–2.5 cm long, thickly tomentose, yellow-brown, sticky and fragrant; when dehisced 2.5–3 cm wide, revealing a mauve, tomentose inner surface; seeds ellipsoid, 7 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. Fig. 1/5, 11, p. 6.
Range
DISTR. T 1, 3–8
Altitude range
90–1650 m
Distribution
TANZANIA Shinyanga District Shinyanga, Koritschoner 1984!TANZANIA Tabora District Tabora, Simbo Forest Reserve, 17 May 1977, Ruffo 943!TANZANIA Songea District Litenga Hill, 19 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9779!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa
Burundi
Angola
Zambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Notes
LOCAL USES. Larger trees have been described as providing very hard timber for planks and sleepers (Hendry 528). However, this may well be a case of mistaken identity as other sources e.g. Semsei 848 describe the wood as soft and easy to work. “Wood soft, wood for making bee-hives” (JC Newman 140). The boiled bark is reported as being used as an enema for constipation (Pirozynski 360). “Food plant of chimpanzees” (Uehara 131); “leaves eaten by chimpanzees” (Nishida 82). This species is here assessed as “Least Concern” in view of its large geographic range and because of its wide habitat range. Although S. leguminosacea is now known only from the original description drawn up from two collections which both lacked flowers and leaves, the fact that the follicles were described as glandular-tomentose and stipitate leaves no doubt that the true identity of this material is S. quinqueloba. S. quinqueloba is sometimes confused with the unrelated S. appendiculata. The differences are discussed under the latter. The lowest altitudinal record is derived from Luke (pers. comm.), who cites Luke et. al. 5588, Selous Game Reserve.
Date Updated: 19 August 2007
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, Author: MARTIN CHEEK AND LAURENCE DORR
Names
Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K.Schum. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 15: 135 (1892) & in P.O.A. C: 271 (1895) & in E.M. 5: 104 (1900); T.T.C.L.: 602 (1949); Germain in F.C.B. 10: 267 (1963); Wild in F.Z. 1: 555, t. 104/E (1961); Troupin, Fl. Pl. lign. Rwanda: 667, t. 230/2 (1982). Types: Mozambique, Sena, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.); Macanga, Peters s.n. (B†, syn.)
Cola quinqeloba Garcke [family STERCULIACEAE], in Peters, Reise Moss. Bot. 1: 130 (1861); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 224 (1868)
Sterculia livingstoneana Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 592 (1907) fide Wild in F.Z. 1: 555 (1961). Type: Zimbabwe, Engler 2936 (B, holo., probably destroyed)
Sterculia leguminosacea K.Schum. & Engl. [family STERCULIACEAE], in E.J. 39: 593 (1907); T.T.C.L.: 603 (1949). Types: Tanzania: Tabora, Meigwa, Holtz 1405 & Kilwa District: Mandandu, Busse 113 (both B, syn., probably destroyed), syn. nov.
Sterculia quinqueloba Sim [family STERCULIACEAE], For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 18, t.6 (1909). Type: Mozambique, Maganja da Costa, Sim 998 (PRE, holo.)
Information
Deciduous tree 2.7–21(–40) m tall, rarely a shrub, producing a clear hard gum; bole to 1 m in diameter, bark smooth and grey, often powdered with white dust and flaking in large plates, so variegated with white and red; slash orange or pink, sapwood white, exudate slight, watery; ultimate branchlets 9–18 mm thick, purplish grey; bud-scales triangular, 7–12 mm long, 3.5–7 mm wide. Leaf-blade orbicular in outline, strongly 5-lobed, 8–36 cm long, 10–34 cm wide, the lobes triangular–acuminate, subequal, the apical lobe 4.5–13 cm long, 3.5–10.5 cm wide, base deeply cordate, edges of the sinus overlapping, sinus 2–5 cm long, glabrous to subscabrid with sparse stellate and simple hairs above (densely tomentose when young), softly tomentose with sparse to very dense, fine stellate hairs beneath; petiole terete, 6–18 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, tomentose to pilose with a mixture of fine, small stellate and simple hairs with large, stout, pointed hairs filled with yellowish gum; stipules caducous. Inflorescence usually borne with the leaves, 3–8 per stem, each 15–32 cm long, 6–11 cm wide, indumentum sticky, as petiole, the fluid often exuded, the hairs appearing capitate; peduncle with numerous branches, 1.5–5(–7) mm thick at base, lowest branch 3–11 cm from the base, 7–12 cm long, with 7–9 partial peduncles, each (3–)5(–7)-flowered; bracts caducous, elliptic and acuminate, 3–7 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, velutinous; pedicels 1.5–5 mm long. Flowers with perianth pale or yellowish green, sweetly scented, campanulate, 3–4 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, (4–)5 triangular teeth each 1 mm long and wide, sometimes slightly reflexed, indumentum as inflorescence outside, inside largely of stout simple hairs. Male flowers with androphore ± 1.5 mm long. Fruit often with all 5 follicles developed, each cylindrical, 4.5–8.2 cm long, 1–1.3 cm wide, with a rostrum 0.3–1.6 cm long and a basal stipe 1.7–2.5 cm long, thickly tomentose, yellow-brown, sticky and fragrant; when dehisced 2.5–3 cm wide, revealing a mauve, tomentose inner surface; seeds ellipsoid, 7 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. Fig. 1/5, 11, p. 6.
Range
DISTR. T 1, 3–8
Altitude range
90–1650 m
Distribution
TANZANIA Shinyanga District Shinyanga, Koritschoner 1984!TANZANIA Tabora District Tabora, Simbo Forest Reserve, 17 May 1977, Ruffo 943!TANZANIA Songea District Litenga Hill, 19 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9779!
Distribution (external)
Congo-Kinshasa
Burundi
Angola
Zambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Notes
LOCAL USES. Larger trees have been described as providing very hard timber for planks and sleepers (Hendry 528). However, this may well be a case of mistaken identity as other sources e.g. Semsei 848 describe the wood as soft and easy to work. “Wood soft, wood for making bee-hives” (JC Newman 140). The boiled bark is reported as being used as an enema for constipation (Pirozynski 360). “Food plant of chimpanzees” (Uehara 131); “leaves eaten by chimpanzees” (Nishida 82). This species is here assessed as “Least Concern” in view of its large geographic range and because of its wide habitat range. Although S. leguminosacea is now known only from the original description drawn up from two collections which both lacked flowers and leaves, the fact that the follicles were described as glandular-tomentose and stipitate leaves no doubt that the true identity of this material is S. quinqueloba. S. quinqueloba is sometimes confused with the unrelated S. appendiculata. The differences are discussed under the latter. The lowest altitudinal record is derived from Luke (pers. comm.), who cites Luke et. al. 5588, Selous Game Reserve.
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