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HYPARRHENIA filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf [family POACEAE]

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 451, (1982) Author: W. D. CLAYTON and S.A. RENVOIZE
Names
HYPARRHENIA filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf [family POACEAE], in F.T.A. 9: 322 (1919); Fl. Agrost. Congo Belge 1: 173 (1929); Ann. list grasses Ug.: 23 (1947); Imp. Grassl. Pl. Kenya: 76 (1951); F.P.N.A. 3: 61 (1955); F.P.S. 3: 469 (1956); R.K.G.: 60 (1958); Ann. list Nyasaland grasses: 44 (1958); I.G.U. 36 (1960); G.T.: 107 (1965); Clayton in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 494 (1972). Type: South Africa, Natal, Krauss 28 (K, iso.!) Andropogon filipendulus Hochst. [family POACEAE], in Flora 29: 115 (1846) Andropogon filipendulus Hochst. var. pilosus [family POACEAE], in Flora 29: 115 (1846). Type: South Africa, Durban, Krauss 164 (K, iso.!) Cymbopogon filipendulus (Hochst.) Rendle [family POACEAE], Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 2: 157 (1899) Cymbopogon filipendulus Rendle var. angolensis [family POACEAE], Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 2: 157 (1899). Types: Angola, Morro de Monino, Welwitsch 7524 & without locality, Welwitsch 2498b (both BM, isosyn.!) Andropogon barteri Hack. var. menyharthii [family POACEAE], in Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl. 78: 398 (1905). Type: Mozambique, ? Boroma, Menyharth 894 (Z, holo.!) Hyparrhenia filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. pilosa [family POACEAE], in F.T.A. 9: 324 (1919); Fl. Agrost. Congo Belge 1: 174 (1929); Ann. list grasses Ug.: 23 (1947); F.P.N.A. 3: 62 (1955); R.K.G.: 60 (1958); Ann. list Nyasaland grasses: 44 (1958); I.G.U.: 36 (1960); G.T.: 107 (1965); Clayton in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 494 (1972). Hyparrhenia piovanii Chiov. [family POACEAE], in Atti Reale Accad. Ital., Mem. Cl. Sci. Fis. Math. Nat. 11: 63 (1940). Type: Ethiopia, Galla Sidama, Piovano 66 (FI, holo.!) Hyparrhenia barteri [family POACEAE], [sensu I.G.U.: 36 (1960); G.T.: 107 (1965), non (Hack.) Stapf]
Information
Caespitose perennial, arising from short scaly rhizomes; culms 60–200 cm. high. Leaf-blades up to 30 cm. long, 4 mm. wide. False panicle 30–80 cm. long, its branches slender and graceful; spatheoles linear to almost filiform, 4.5–5.5 cm. long, the peduncles ± as long; racemes 10–12 mm. long, 2–4-awned per pair, delicate, not deflexed; raceme-bases very unequal, the upper (4–)4.5–8(–10) mm. long, slender, glabrous. Homogamous pairs 1 at the base of the lower raceme, and 2 at the base of the upper. Sessile spikelet 5.5–7 mm. long, glabrous to villous with white hairs; callus 1.8–3 mm. long, pungent; awn 3–5.5 cm. long, hirtellous with fulvous hairs 0.7–1.2 mm. long. Pedicelled spikelet with an awnlet 1–5 mm. long.
Range
DISTR. U1–4; K1–5, 7; T1–8; Z tropical and south Africa, but mainly on the eastern side of the continent; Madagascar; extending through Ceylon to Australia
Altitude range
200–2300 m.
Distribution
KENYA Meru District Mitunguu, 9 July 1953, Bogdan 3752!KENYA Masai District Ngerende, near Mara R., 13 Apr. 1961, Glover, Gwynne & Samuel 485!KENYA Teita District Galana R. near Sobo Rocks, 9 Jan. 1967, Greenway & Kanuri 13006!TANZANIA Musoma District Duma River air-strip, 26 December 1962, Greenway & Turner 10911!TANZANIA Kilosa District Mikumi National Park, 1 May 1968, Renvoize & Abdallah 1867!TANZANIA Songea District 5 km. W. of Songea, 1 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9390!TANZANIA Zanzibar I., Boivin !UGANDA Kigezi District near Mabungo, 16 Oct. 1929, Snowden 1468!UGANDA Masaka District 5 km. S. of Sembabule, 17 May 1971, Lye 6100!UGANDA Mengo District Kololo, 4 Mar. 1934, A.S. Thomas 1927!
Notes
H. filipendula is recognized in its typical form most readily by its delicate and graceful appearance, to which the copious slender ascending branches, flexuous peduncles, and numerous small racemes with a long upper raceme-base and commonly only 2 awns per pair all contribute. It may be confused with H. poecilotricha, which has rufous spikelet-hairs; with H. finitima, which has a short upper raceme-base and at most 1 homogamous pair on the upper raceme; and with H. anamesa which has appressedly pubescent rather than shaggily hairy awns.Two varieties are traditionally recognized, having glabrous (var. filipendula) or hairy (var. pilosa) spikelets, but the distinction is inadequately correlated with other characters and not worth maintaining (Clayton in K.B. 30: 570 (1975)).
HYPARRHENIA filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf [family POACEAE]
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