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TRIUMFETTA rhomboidea Jacq. [family TILIACEAE]

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: C. WHITEHOUSE, M. CHEEK, S. ANDREWS & B. VERDCOURT
Names
TRIUMFETTA rhomboidea Jacq. [family TILIACEAE], Select. Stirp. Am. Hist: 147, t. 90 (1763); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 257 (1868); K. Schum. in P.O.A. C: 265 (1895); Sprague & Hutch. in J.L.S. 39: 266 (1909); Burret in Z.A.E.: 499 (1912); V.E. 3(2): 367 (1921); F.P.N.A. 1: 571 (1948); W.F.K.: 33 (1948); T.T.C.L.: 623 (1949); F.P.S. 1: 227 (1950); C.F.A. 1: 234 (1951); E.P.A.: 529 (1958); F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 309 (1958); K.T.S.: 572 (1961); F.F.N.R.: 240 (1962); Wild in F.Z. 2: 73 (1963); R. Wilczek in F.C.B. 10: 49, fig. 1a, 2a, 3a (1963); Wild & Gonç. in Fl. Moçamb. 28: 47 (1969); F.P.U., ed. 2: 60, fig. 16 (1971); Hanid in U.K.W.F.: 188, fig. on 189 (1974); Vollesen in Opera Bot. 59: 34 (1980); Troupin, Fl. Pl. Lign. Rwanda: 682, fig. 236/2 (1982) & Fl. Rwanda 2: 376, fig. 120/2 (1983); Wild in F.S.A. 21(1): 24, fig. 2/3 (1984); Blundell, Wild Flow. E. Afr.: 70, t. 503 (1987); K.T.S.L.: 160 (1994); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 96, t. 25 (1994); Vollesen in Fl. Eth. 2(2): 162, fig. 79.7/1–2 & 4 (1995); T.V. Jacobs in Phyton 61: 92, fig. 2/n (1997). Type: Martinique, t. 90 in Jacq., Select. Stirp. Am. Hist. (1763) Bartramia indica L. [family SCROPHULARIACEAE], Sp. Pl.: 389 (1753), non Triumfetta indica Lam. (1791). Type from Sri Lanka Triumfetta bartramia L. [family TILIACEAE], Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1044 (1759), nom. illegit . Type as for Bartramia indica L.
Information
Annual herb to perennial woody subshrub, 15 cm to 2 m tall; stem erect, to 1 cm diameter at base, red-brown, pubescent, scurfy, scabrid or glabrous above. Leaf blade rhombic to broadly or narrowly elliptic or ovate, 3-lobed to 1/2–3/4-way to base, rarely entire, 2.5–11.5(–17) cm long, 2.5–8(–10.5) cm wide, apex acute, rarely shortly acuminate, base cuneate to obtuse, 1–2-serrate-dentate, the tips of the proximal teeth replaced with black crater-like glands, subglabrous or more often subscabrid to thinly pubescent above, often deeply pubescent beneath; petiole terete, 1–4.5(–7) cm long, thickly pubescent; stipules narrowly elliptic to linear, to 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, black, falling early. Inflorescence terminal, 1–4-branched, (5–)10–35 cm long, nodes with reduced leaves becoming more linear and smaller towards the top, internodes 1.5–4 cm, each with 1–6 leaf-subopposed cymes; peduncles 2–3 mm long, each bearing (1–)3(–5) flowers; bracts as stipules 1–3.5 mm long; pedicels 1–2 mm long. Sepals narrowly elliptic to linear, 8–9 mm long, sparsely stellate-hairy outside, apical spine 0.25–0.5 mm long, conspicuously red in bud. Petals spathulate, 5–7 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, basal 1 mm hairy. Stamens (14–)15; ovary sparsely hairy. Fruits 3–20 per node, indehiscent, globose, 5–7 mm diameter (fruit body 3–5 mm), densely covered in long white hairs, with ± 120 patent, glabrous or rarely subglabrous, dark brown spines, each with a translucent, forward directed recurved hair at the tip. Fig. 13/1–5.
Range
DISTR. U 1–4; K 1–7; T 1–8; Z; P pantropical
Altitude range
0–2750 m
Distribution
KENYA Northern Frontier Province Mathews Range, 12 June 1959, Kerfoot 1047!KENYA Machakos District Kithembe, 7 May 1968, Mwangangi 838!KENYA N Kavirondo District Kagamega Forest, 30 Apr. 1979, Bridson 29!TANZANIA Ufipa District Namanyere [Namanyele] Mission, 15 Feb. 1971, Sanane 1551!TANZANIA Uzaramo District 8 km Dar es Salaam–Bagamoyo, 24 Jun. 1968, Batty 170!TANZANIA Songea District seed farm near Songea, 23 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9695!TANZANIA Zanzibar I., Mahonda, 9 Oct. 1962, Faulkner 3112A!UGANDA Acholi District Murchison Falls National Park, Chobi, 13 Sept. 1967, Angus 5940!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal area, 23 Dec. 1931, Hazel 96!UGANDA Mbale District Budadiri, Jan. 1932, Chandler 475!
Notes
This pantropical weed is the commonest and most widespread species of Triumfetta in East Africa. It is very variable; even the distinctive leaf-shape is not seen in all specimens. The fruits are uniform and reliably diagnostic and the species is not often confused with any other. Work is needed on infra-specific classification.

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: C. WHITEHOUSE, M. CHEEK, S. ANDREWS & B. VERDCOURT
Names
TRIUMFETTA rhomboidea Jacq. [family TILIACEAE], Select. Stirp. Am. Hist: 147, t. 90 (1763); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 257 (1868); K. Schum. in P.O.A. C: 265 (1895); Sprague & Hutch. in J.L.S. 39: 266 (1909); Burret in Z.A.E.: 499 (1912); V.E. 3(2): 367 (1921); F.P.N.A. 1: 571 (1948); W.F.K.: 33 (1948); T.T.C.L.: 623 (1949); F.P.S. 1: 227 (1950); C.F.A. 1: 234 (1951); E.P.A.: 529 (1958); F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 309 (1958); K.T.S.: 572 (1961); F.F.N.R.: 240 (1962); Wild in F.Z. 2: 73 (1963); R. Wilczek in F.C.B. 10: 49, fig. 1a, 2a, 3a (1963); Wild & Gonç. in Fl. Moçamb. 28: 47 (1969); F.P.U., ed. 2: 60, fig. 16 (1971); Hanid in U.K.W.F.: 188, fig. on 189 (1974); Vollesen in Opera Bot. 59: 34 (1980); Troupin, Fl. Pl. Lign. Rwanda: 682, fig. 236/2 (1982) & Fl. Rwanda 2: 376, fig. 120/2 (1983); Wild in F.S.A. 21(1): 24, fig. 2/3 (1984); Blundell, Wild Flow. E. Afr.: 70, t. 503 (1987); K.T.S.L.: 160 (1994); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 96, t. 25 (1994); Vollesen in Fl. Eth. 2(2): 162, fig. 79.7/1–2 & 4 (1995); T.V. Jacobs in Phyton 61: 92, fig. 2/n (1997). Type: Martinique, t. 90 in Jacq., Select. Stirp. Am. Hist. (1763) Bartramia indica L. [family SCROPHULARIACEAE], Sp. Pl.: 389 (1753), non Triumfetta indica Lam. (1791). Type from Sri Lanka Triumfetta bartramia L. [family TILIACEAE], Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1044 (1759), nom. illegit . Type as for Bartramia indica L.
Information
Annual herb to perennial woody subshrub, 15 cm to 2 m tall; stem erect, to 1 cm diameter at base, red-brown, pubescent, scurfy, scabrid or glabrous above. Leaf blade rhombic to broadly or narrowly elliptic or ovate, 3-lobed to 1/2–3/4-way to base, rarely entire, 2.5–11.5(–17) cm long, 2.5–8(–10.5) cm wide, apex acute, rarely shortly acuminate, base cuneate to obtuse, 1–2-serrate-dentate, the tips of the proximal teeth replaced with black crater-like glands, subglabrous or more often subscabrid to thinly pubescent above, often deeply pubescent beneath; petiole terete, 1–4.5(–7) cm long, thickly pubescent; stipules narrowly elliptic to linear, to 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, black, falling early. Inflorescence terminal, 1–4-branched, (5–)10–35 cm long, nodes with reduced leaves becoming more linear and smaller towards the top, internodes 1.5–4 cm, each with 1–6 leaf-subopposed cymes; peduncles 2–3 mm long, each bearing (1–)3(–5) flowers; bracts as stipules 1–3.5 mm long; pedicels 1–2 mm long. Sepals narrowly elliptic to linear, 8–9 mm long, sparsely stellate-hairy outside, apical spine 0.25–0.5 mm long, conspicuously red in bud. Petals spathulate, 5–7 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, basal 1 mm hairy. Stamens (14–)15; ovary sparsely hairy. Fruits 3–20 per node, indehiscent, globose, 5–7 mm diameter (fruit body 3–5 mm), densely covered in long white hairs, with ± 120 patent, glabrous or rarely subglabrous, dark brown spines, each with a translucent, forward directed recurved hair at the tip. Fig. 13/1–5.
Range
DISTR. U 1–4; K 1–7; T 1–8; Z; P pantropical
Altitude range
0–2750 m
Distribution
KENYA Northern Frontier Province Mathews Range, 12 June 1959, Kerfoot 1047!KENYA Machakos District Kithembe, 7 May 1968, Mwangangi 838!KENYA N Kavirondo District Kagamega Forest, 30 Apr. 1979, Bridson 29!TANZANIA Ufipa District Namanyere [Namanyele] Mission, 15 Feb. 1971, Sanane 1551!TANZANIA Uzaramo District 8 km Dar es Salaam–Bagamoyo, 24 Jun. 1968, Batty 170!TANZANIA Songea District seed farm near Songea, 23 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9695!TANZANIA Zanzibar I., Mahonda, 9 Oct. 1962, Faulkner 3112A!UGANDA Acholi District Murchison Falls National Park, Chobi, 13 Sept. 1967, Angus 5940!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal area, 23 Dec. 1931, Hazel 96!UGANDA Mbale District Budadiri, Jan. 1932, Chandler 475!
Notes
This pantropical weed is the commonest and most widespread species of Triumfetta in East Africa. It is very variable; even the distinctive leaf-shape is not seen in all specimens. The fruits are uniform and reliably diagnostic and the species is not often confused with any other. Work is needed on infra-specific classification.

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: C. WHITEHOUSE, M. CHEEK, S. ANDREWS & B. VERDCOURT
Names
TRIUMFETTA rhomboidea Jacq. [family TILIACEAE], Select. Stirp. Am. Hist: 147, t. 90 (1763); Mast. in F.T.A. 1: 257 (1868); K. Schum. in P.O.A. C: 265 (1895); Sprague & Hutch. in J.L.S. 39: 266 (1909); Burret in Z.A.E.: 499 (1912); V.E. 3(2): 367 (1921); F.P.N.A. 1: 571 (1948); W.F.K.: 33 (1948); T.T.C.L.: 623 (1949); F.P.S. 1: 227 (1950); C.F.A. 1: 234 (1951); E.P.A.: 529 (1958); F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 309 (1958); K.T.S.: 572 (1961); F.F.N.R.: 240 (1962); Wild in F.Z. 2: 73 (1963); R. Wilczek in F.C.B. 10: 49, fig. 1a, 2a, 3a (1963); Wild & Gonç. in Fl. Moçamb. 28: 47 (1969); F.P.U., ed. 2: 60, fig. 16 (1971); Hanid in U.K.W.F.: 188, fig. on 189 (1974); Vollesen in Opera Bot. 59: 34 (1980); Troupin, Fl. Pl. Lign. Rwanda: 682, fig. 236/2 (1982) & Fl. Rwanda 2: 376, fig. 120/2 (1983); Wild in F.S.A. 21(1): 24, fig. 2/3 (1984); Blundell, Wild Flow. E. Afr.: 70, t. 503 (1987); K.T.S.L.: 160 (1994); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 96, t. 25 (1994); Vollesen in Fl. Eth. 2(2): 162, fig. 79.7/1–2 & 4 (1995); T.V. Jacobs in Phyton 61: 92, fig. 2/n (1997). Type: Martinique, t. 90 in Jacq., Select. Stirp. Am. Hist. (1763) Bartramia indica L. [family SCROPHULARIACEAE], Sp. Pl.: 389 (1753), non Triumfetta indica Lam. (1791). Type from Sri Lanka Triumfetta bartramia L. [family TILIACEAE], Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1044 (1759), nom. illegit . Type as for Bartramia indica L.
Information
Annual herb to perennial woody subshrub, 15 cm to 2 m tall; stem erect, to 1 cm diameter at base, red-brown, pubescent, scurfy, scabrid or glabrous above. Leaf blade rhombic to broadly or narrowly elliptic or ovate, 3-lobed to 1/2–3/4-way to base, rarely entire, 2.5–11.5(–17) cm long, 2.5–8(–10.5) cm wide, apex acute, rarely shortly acuminate, base cuneate to obtuse, 1–2-serrate-dentate, the tips of the proximal teeth replaced with black crater-like glands, subglabrous or more often subscabrid to thinly pubescent above, often deeply pubescent beneath; petiole terete, 1–4.5(–7) cm long, thickly pubescent; stipules narrowly elliptic to linear, to 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, black, falling early. Inflorescence terminal, 1–4-branched, (5–)10–35 cm long, nodes with reduced leaves becoming more linear and smaller towards the top, internodes 1.5–4 cm, each with 1–6 leaf-subopposed cymes; peduncles 2–3 mm long, each bearing (1–)3(–5) flowers; bracts as stipules 1–3.5 mm long; pedicels 1–2 mm long. Sepals narrowly elliptic to linear, 8–9 mm long, sparsely stellate-hairy outside, apical spine 0.25–0.5 mm long, conspicuously red in bud. Petals spathulate, 5–7 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, basal 1 mm hairy. Stamens (14–)15; ovary sparsely hairy. Fruits 3–20 per node, indehiscent, globose, 5–7 mm diameter (fruit body 3–5 mm), densely covered in long white hairs, with ± 120 patent, glabrous or rarely subglabrous, dark brown spines, each with a translucent, forward directed recurved hair at the tip. Fig. 13/1–5.
Range
DISTR. U 1–4; K 1–7; T 1–8; Z; P pantropical
Altitude range
0–2750 m
Distribution
KENYA Northern Frontier Province Mathews Range, 12 June 1959, Kerfoot 1047!KENYA Machakos District Kithembe, 7 May 1968, Mwangangi 838!KENYA N Kavirondo District Kagamega Forest, 30 Apr. 1979, Bridson 29!TANZANIA Ufipa District Namanyere [Namanyele] Mission, 15 Feb. 1971, Sanane 1551!TANZANIA Uzaramo District 8 km Dar es Salaam–Bagamoyo, 24 Jun. 1968, Batty 170!TANZANIA Songea District seed farm near Songea, 23 Apr. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9695!TANZANIA Zanzibar I., Mahonda, 9 Oct. 1962, Faulkner 3112A!UGANDA Acholi District Murchison Falls National Park, Chobi, 13 Sept. 1967, Angus 5940!UGANDA Toro District Fort Portal area, 23 Dec. 1931, Hazel 96!UGANDA Mbale District Budadiri, Jan. 1932, Chandler 475!
Notes
This pantropical weed is the commonest and most widespread species of Triumfetta in East Africa. It is very variable; even the distinctive leaf-shape is not seen in all specimens. The fruits are uniform and reliably diagnostic and the species is not often confused with any other. Work is needed on infra-specific classification.
TRIUMFETTA rhomboidea Jacq. [family TILIACEAE]
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