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PHYMATOSORUS scolopendria (Burm. f.) Pic. Serm. [family POLYPODIACEAE]

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: B. Verdcourt, B.Sc., Ph.D.
Names
PHYMATOSORUS scolopendria (Burm. f.) Pic. Serm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Webbia 28: 460 (1973) & in B.J.B.B. 53: 207, fig. 3 (1983); Faden in U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 22 (1994). Type: “India”, Indonesia, Java, Pryon s.n. (G, lecto.) Polypodium scolopendria Burm. f. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fl. Ind.: 232 (1768) Polypodium phymatodes L. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mant. Pl. Alt.: 306 (1771); Hieron. in E.J. 28: 347 (1900); Sim, Ferns S. Afr. ed. 2: 273, t. 138 (1915); F.D.-O.A.: 30 (1929). Type: as for Phymatosorus scolopendria Polypodium grossum Langsd. & Fisch. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Pl. Voy. Russes, Ic. Fil.: 9, t. 8 (1810). Type: Marquesas, Nucahiva I., Langsdorf s.n. (LE, holo.) Phymatodes vulgaris C. Presl [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Tent. Pterid.: 196 (1836) & in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. ser. 4, 5: 196 (1837), nom. illegit . Type as for Polypodium phymatodes Chrysopteris phymatodes (L.) Link [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fil. Sp.: 122 (1841) Drynaria vulgaris (C. Presl) J. Sm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Hook., Journ. Bot. 3: 397 (1841), as vulgare Drynaria phymatodes (L.) Fée [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Phymatodes grossa (Langsd. & Fisch.) Fée [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Pleopeltis phymatodes (L.) T. Moore [family POLYPODIACEAE], Ind. Fil. 1: 78 (1857) Phymatodes phymatodes (L.) Maxon [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 9: 352, t. 62 (1905), nom. illegit . Microsorum scolopendria (Burm. f.) Copel. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16: 112 (1929); Schelpe, C.F.A., Pterid.: 122, t. 21 (1977) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & M.A. Diniz, Fl. Moçamb., Ptérid.: 160 (1979) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); W. Jacobsen, Ferns S. Afr.: 314, fig. 70 & 229, map 98 (1983) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & N.C. Anthony, F.S.A., Pterid.: 165, map 143 (1986) (as ‘ scolopendrium ’); J.E. Burrows, S. Afr. Ferns: 200, t. 33/3, fig. 46/204, map (1990) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, t. 6/47, 48 & 14/52 (1997); Bosman et al. in Fl. Males. ser. 2, 3: 127 (1998) Phymatodes scolopendria (Burm. f.) Ching [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 2: 63 (1933); Tardieu, Mém. I.F.A.N. 28: 222, t. 43/4 (1953); Alston, Ferns W.T.A.: 48 (1959); Tardieu, Fl. Madag. 5 (2): 120 (1960) & Fl. Cameroun 3, Ptérid.: 352, t. 54/4 (1964) & Fl. Gabon 8, Ptérid.: 210, t. 32/4 (1964); Schelpe in Contr. Bolus Herb. 1: 100 (1969) & F.Z., Pterid.: 153, t. 47 (1970); Faden in U.K.W.F.: 70 (1974); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, tt. 6/47–48, 14/52 (1997)
Information
Epiphytic, terrestrial or often on rocks. Rhizome up to 1 cm in diameter, widely creeping with widely spaced fronds and with dark brown narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, pseudoserrate often squarrose rhizome-scales up to 4 mm long, which are caducous leaving older rhizomes with a white coriaceous surface. Fronds simple, bifid, trifid or usually deeply pinnatifid, 30–90 cm long, coriaceous, stipitate; stipe pale yellowish green to grey, up to 40 cm long; lamina broadly oblong in outline, glabrous, deeply pinnatifid into narrowly oblong, acute to acuminate lobes up to 22 cm long and 3 cm wide; undivided laminae 10–27 cm long, 2.2–4.5 cm wide; midrib prominent below. Sori 2–3 mm in diameter at maturity, round or oval, in one or two rows on either side of the costae, somewhat sunken into the lamina. Fig. 8.
Range
DISTR. U 2–4; K 5, 7; T 1–3, 6, 7; Z; P widespread in Tropical Africa from Sierra Leone and Ethiopia to South Africa; Seychelles, Comoro Is., Mascarene Is. and Madagascar; also widespread in Asia to Ceylon, Indo-China, Malaysia to Australia and Polynesia
Altitude range
0–1450 m
Distribution
UGANDA Bunyoro District Budongo Forest, 28 Nov. 1938, Loveridge 118!KENYA Central Kavirondo District Samia Hills, Nangina Mission, Oct. 1970, Dekker in EA 14728!TANZANIA Tanga District 11 km S of Moa, Bomalandani [Bomandani], 10 Aug. 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 3691!UGANDA Mbale District 8 km S of Tororo, 12 Mar. 1951, G. Wood 183!UGANDA Mengo District W side of Kampala–Entebbe road, 1 km N of Kisubi, 7 Sept. 1969, Faden 69/947!KENYA Kwale District Shimba Hills, near Kwale, 14 Jan. 1964, Verdcourt 3914!KENYA Kilifi District Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve, Jilore, 26 Nov. 1961, Polhill & Paulo 858!TANZANIA Rufiji District Mafia I., Kilindoni, 30 Oct. 1965, Cameron 15!TANZANIA Rungwe District Tukuyu, Lake Masoko [Massoka], 23 Mar. 1932, St. Clair-Thompson 1026!TANZANIA Zanzibar Chwaka, 7 Sept. 1959, Faulkner 2346!
Notes
The most commonly used name in fern literature Phymatodes scolopendria is unfortunately incorrect (see Pichi Sermolli 1973).

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: B. Verdcourt, B.Sc., Ph.D.
Names
PHYMATOSORUS scolopendria (Burm. f.) Pic. Serm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Webbia 28: 460 (1973) & in B.J.B.B. 53: 207, fig. 3 (1983); Faden in U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 22 (1994). Type: “India”, Indonesia, Java, Pryon s.n. (G, lecto.) Polypodium scolopendria Burm. f. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fl. Ind.: 232 (1768) Polypodium phymatodes L. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mant. Pl. Alt.: 306 (1771); Hieron. in E.J. 28: 347 (1900); Sim, Ferns S. Afr. ed. 2: 273, t. 138 (1915); F.D.-O.A.: 30 (1929). Type: as for Phymatosorus scolopendria Polypodium grossum Langsd. & Fisch. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Pl. Voy. Russes, Ic. Fil.: 9, t. 8 (1810). Type: Marquesas, Nucahiva I., Langsdorf s.n. (LE, holo.) Phymatodes vulgaris C. Presl [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Tent. Pterid.: 196 (1836) & in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. ser. 4, 5: 196 (1837), nom. illegit . Type as for Polypodium phymatodes Chrysopteris phymatodes (L.) Link [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fil. Sp.: 122 (1841) Drynaria vulgaris (C. Presl) J. Sm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Hook., Journ. Bot. 3: 397 (1841), as vulgare Drynaria phymatodes (L.) Fée [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Phymatodes grossa (Langsd. & Fisch.) Fée [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Pleopeltis phymatodes (L.) T. Moore [family POLYPODIACEAE], Ind. Fil. 1: 78 (1857) Phymatodes phymatodes (L.) Maxon [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 9: 352, t. 62 (1905), nom. illegit . Microsorum scolopendria (Burm. f.) Copel. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16: 112 (1929); Schelpe, C.F.A., Pterid.: 122, t. 21 (1977) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & M.A. Diniz, Fl. Moçamb., Ptérid.: 160 (1979) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); W. Jacobsen, Ferns S. Afr.: 314, fig. 70 & 229, map 98 (1983) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & N.C. Anthony, F.S.A., Pterid.: 165, map 143 (1986) (as ‘ scolopendrium ’); J.E. Burrows, S. Afr. Ferns: 200, t. 33/3, fig. 46/204, map (1990) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, t. 6/47, 48 & 14/52 (1997); Bosman et al. in Fl. Males. ser. 2, 3: 127 (1998) Phymatodes scolopendria (Burm. f.) Ching [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 2: 63 (1933); Tardieu, Mém. I.F.A.N. 28: 222, t. 43/4 (1953); Alston, Ferns W.T.A.: 48 (1959); Tardieu, Fl. Madag. 5 (2): 120 (1960) & Fl. Cameroun 3, Ptérid.: 352, t. 54/4 (1964) & Fl. Gabon 8, Ptérid.: 210, t. 32/4 (1964); Schelpe in Contr. Bolus Herb. 1: 100 (1969) & F.Z., Pterid.: 153, t. 47 (1970); Faden in U.K.W.F.: 70 (1974); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, tt. 6/47–48, 14/52 (1997)
Information
Epiphytic, terrestrial or often on rocks. Rhizome up to 1 cm in diameter, widely creeping with widely spaced fronds and with dark brown narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, pseudoserrate often squarrose rhizome-scales up to 4 mm long, which are caducous leaving older rhizomes with a white coriaceous surface. Fronds simple, bifid, trifid or usually deeply pinnatifid, 30–90 cm long, coriaceous, stipitate; stipe pale yellowish green to grey, up to 40 cm long; lamina broadly oblong in outline, glabrous, deeply pinnatifid into narrowly oblong, acute to acuminate lobes up to 22 cm long and 3 cm wide; undivided laminae 10–27 cm long, 2.2–4.5 cm wide; midrib prominent below. Sori 2–3 mm in diameter at maturity, round or oval, in one or two rows on either side of the costae, somewhat sunken into the lamina. Fig. 8.
Range
DISTR. U 2–4; K 5, 7; T 1–3, 6, 7; Z; P widespread in Tropical Africa from Sierra Leone and Ethiopia to South Africa; Seychelles, Comoro Is., Mascarene Is. and Madagascar; also widespread in Asia to Ceylon, Indo-China, Malaysia to Australia and Polynesia
Altitude range
0–1450 m
Distribution
UGANDA Bunyoro District Budongo Forest, 28 Nov. 1938, Loveridge 118!KENYA Central Kavirondo District Samia Hills, Nangina Mission, Oct. 1970, Dekker in EA 14728!TANZANIA Tanga District 11 km S of Moa, Bomalandani [Bomandani], 10 Aug. 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 3691!UGANDA Mbale District 8 km S of Tororo, 12 Mar. 1951, G. Wood 183!UGANDA Mengo District W side of Kampala–Entebbe road, 1 km N of Kisubi, 7 Sept. 1969, Faden 69/947!KENYA Kwale District Shimba Hills, near Kwale, 14 Jan. 1964, Verdcourt 3914!KENYA Kilifi District Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve, Jilore, 26 Nov. 1961, Polhill & Paulo 858!TANZANIA Rufiji District Mafia I., Kilindoni, 30 Oct. 1965, Cameron 15!TANZANIA Rungwe District Tukuyu, Lake Masoko [Massoka], 23 Mar. 1932, St. Clair-Thompson 1026!TANZANIA Zanzibar Chwaka, 7 Sept. 1959, Faulkner 2346!
Notes
The most commonly used name in fern literature Phymatodes scolopendria is unfortunately incorrect (see Pichi Sermolli 1973).

Date Updated: 19 August 2007

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: B. Verdcourt, B.Sc., Ph.D.
Names
PHYMATOSORUS scolopendria (Burm. f.) Pic. Serm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Webbia 28: 460 (1973) & in B.J.B.B. 53: 207, fig. 3 (1983); Faden in U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 22 (1994). Type: “India”, Indonesia, Java, Pryon s.n. (G, lecto.) Polypodium scolopendria Burm. f. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fl. Ind.: 232 (1768) Polypodium phymatodes L. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mant. Pl. Alt.: 306 (1771); Hieron. in E.J. 28: 347 (1900); Sim, Ferns S. Afr. ed. 2: 273, t. 138 (1915); F.D.-O.A.: 30 (1929). Type: as for Phymatosorus scolopendria Polypodium grossum Langsd. & Fisch. [family POLYPODIACEAE], Pl. Voy. Russes, Ic. Fil.: 9, t. 8 (1810). Type: Marquesas, Nucahiva I., Langsdorf s.n. (LE, holo.) Phymatodes vulgaris C. Presl [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Tent. Pterid.: 196 (1836) & in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. ser. 4, 5: 196 (1837), nom. illegit . Type as for Polypodium phymatodes Chrysopteris phymatodes (L.) Link [family POLYPODIACEAE], Fil. Sp.: 122 (1841) Drynaria vulgaris (C. Presl) J. Sm. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Hook., Journ. Bot. 3: 397 (1841), as vulgare Drynaria phymatodes (L.) Fée [family POLYPODIACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Phymatodes grossa (Langsd. & Fisch.) Fée [family DIPTERIDACEAE], Mém. Foug. 5: 270 (1852) Pleopeltis phymatodes (L.) T. Moore [family POLYPODIACEAE], Ind. Fil. 1: 78 (1857) Phymatodes phymatodes (L.) Maxon [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 9: 352, t. 62 (1905), nom. illegit . Microsorum scolopendria (Burm. f.) Copel. [family POLYPODIACEAE], in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16: 112 (1929); Schelpe, C.F.A., Pterid.: 122, t. 21 (1977) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & M.A. Diniz, Fl. Moçamb., Ptérid.: 160 (1979) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); W. Jacobsen, Ferns S. Afr.: 314, fig. 70 & 229, map 98 (1983) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Schelpe & N.C. Anthony, F.S.A., Pterid.: 165, map 143 (1986) (as ‘ scolopendrium ’); J.E. Burrows, S. Afr. Ferns: 200, t. 33/3, fig. 46/204, map (1990) (as ‘scolopendrium’ ); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, t. 6/47, 48 & 14/52 (1997); Bosman et al. in Fl. Males. ser. 2, 3: 127 (1998) Phymatodes scolopendria (Burm. f.) Ching [family DIPTERIDACEAE], in Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 2: 63 (1933); Tardieu, Mém. I.F.A.N. 28: 222, t. 43/4 (1953); Alston, Ferns W.T.A.: 48 (1959); Tardieu, Fl. Madag. 5 (2): 120 (1960) & Fl. Cameroun 3, Ptérid.: 352, t. 54/4 (1964) & Fl. Gabon 8, Ptérid.: 210, t. 32/4 (1964); Schelpe in Contr. Bolus Herb. 1: 100 (1969) & F.Z., Pterid.: 153, t. 47 (1970); Faden in U.K.W.F.: 70 (1974); Noot. in Blumea 42: 361, tt. 6/47–48, 14/52 (1997)
Information
Epiphytic, terrestrial or often on rocks. Rhizome up to 1 cm in diameter, widely creeping with widely spaced fronds and with dark brown narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, pseudoserrate often squarrose rhizome-scales up to 4 mm long, which are caducous leaving older rhizomes with a white coriaceous surface. Fronds simple, bifid, trifid or usually deeply pinnatifid, 30–90 cm long, coriaceous, stipitate; stipe pale yellowish green to grey, up to 40 cm long; lamina broadly oblong in outline, glabrous, deeply pinnatifid into narrowly oblong, acute to acuminate lobes up to 22 cm long and 3 cm wide; undivided laminae 10–27 cm long, 2.2–4.5 cm wide; midrib prominent below. Sori 2–3 mm in diameter at maturity, round or oval, in one or two rows on either side of the costae, somewhat sunken into the lamina. Fig. 8.
Range
DISTR. U 2–4; K 5, 7; T 1–3, 6, 7; Z; P widespread in Tropical Africa from Sierra Leone and Ethiopia to South Africa; Seychelles, Comoro Is., Mascarene Is. and Madagascar; also widespread in Asia to Ceylon, Indo-China, Malaysia to Australia and Polynesia
Altitude range
0–1450 m
Distribution
UGANDA Bunyoro District Budongo Forest, 28 Nov. 1938, Loveridge 118!KENYA Central Kavirondo District Samia Hills, Nangina Mission, Oct. 1970, Dekker in EA 14728!TANZANIA Tanga District 11 km S of Moa, Bomalandani [Bomandani], 10 Aug. 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 3691!UGANDA Mbale District 8 km S of Tororo, 12 Mar. 1951, G. Wood 183!UGANDA Mengo District W side of Kampala–Entebbe road, 1 km N of Kisubi, 7 Sept. 1969, Faden 69/947!KENYA Kwale District Shimba Hills, near Kwale, 14 Jan. 1964, Verdcourt 3914!KENYA Kilifi District Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve, Jilore, 26 Nov. 1961, Polhill & Paulo 858!TANZANIA Rufiji District Mafia I., Kilindoni, 30 Oct. 1965, Cameron 15!TANZANIA Rungwe District Tukuyu, Lake Masoko [Massoka], 23 Mar. 1932, St. Clair-Thompson 1026!TANZANIA Zanzibar Chwaka, 7 Sept. 1959, Faulkner 2346!
Notes
The most commonly used name in fern literature Phymatodes scolopendria is unfortunately incorrect (see Pichi Sermolli 1973).
PHYMATOSORUS scolopendria (Burm. f.) Pic. Serm. [family POLYPODIACEAE]
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