Entry From
Flora of South Africa, (2003) Author: Dr J.P. Roux
Information
Large, glabrous, twining perennial. Stems becoming woody and up to 15 m long, younger ones slender, herbaceous but firm, terete, usualÂly distinctly muriculate with reddish papillae (as are petioles, peduncles and pedicels). Leaves pentagonal in outline, 40-150 mm long and wide, palmately dissected nearly to base; base cordate with a narrow sinus; lobes 5-7, oblong to lanceolate in outline, obtuse to subacute, entire to irregularly and jaggedly pinnatilobed or pinnatifid; petiole 20-60 mm long. InfloresÂcence cymose, 1- to few-flowered. Peduncles patent to suberect, 30-90 mm long; bracteoles ovate, acute, concave, 3-5 mm long, early deciduous, occasionally larger and dissected like leaves; pedicels up to 30 mm long, at first deflexed, patent to suberect when flowers open and ultimately cernuous in fruit. Sepals ovate-oblong or elliptic, coriaceous with thinner sub-membranous edges, glabrous, concave, someÂwhat unequal, obtuse or rounded and minutely mucronate, up to 30 mm long (inner ones longer than outer ones) and ± 12 mm wide. Corolla funnel-shaped, white to dull pale yellow or buff with dark purple centre, glabrous, 40-60 mm long, 60-80 mm wide; limb faintly 5-angled, plicate: midpetaline areas not sharply defined. Capsule narrowly ellipsoid, 12-15 mm wide, pale brown, dehiscing by 4 valves and circum-scissile at base, at first enclosed in accrescent, brown calyx, but ultimately exposed just before dehiscence when sepals spread out. Seeds brown to black, minutely hairy, 8-9 mm long, ± 6 mm broad. Flowering time July to April, mostly in February and March.
Habitat
Distinguished by being a liana with palmate-ly dissected leaves with pinnatilobed or pinnati-fid lobes. Some authors uphold two varieties in this variable species: the typical variety with entire or minutely crenulate leaf lobes and var. pinnatifida N.E.Br. (1909: 124) with deeply pinnatifid leaf lobes. The southern African speÂcimens can be regarded as belonging to var. pinÂnatifida. Recorded by Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk (1962: 310) as a medicinal plant.
Use
3. Merremia kentrocaulos (C.B.Clarke) Rendle in Flora of tropical Africa 4,2: 103 (1905-06); Hallier f.: 21 (1910); Hutch. & Dalziel: 212 (1931); A.Meeuse: t. 1194 (1955a); A.Meeuse: 704 (1957a); Letty: 272, t. 135 (1962); Verde: 59 (1963a); Heine: 342 (1963); Gone.: 40 (1987); Gone.: 42 (1992); A.Fabian & Germish.: 336, t. 160c (1997); Retief & PP.J.Herman: 387 (1997). Type: Ethiopia, Takkaze River, Schimper 800 (G, K, iso.).