German collector who explored northern India and Tibet with two of his five brothers on a primarily geological survey (1854-1857). The expedition arose from a recommendation of Alexander von Humboldt and financed jointly by the British East India Company and the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. The brother travelled sometimes together and sometimes separately. Herman and Robert were the first europeans to cross the Kunlun Shan mountains, and H. Schlagintweit had the surname 'Sakünlünski' bestowed on him (1864) in honour of this achievement. The brothers made extensive ethnographical and natural history collections. Herman's original material was mainly deposited at B but this was largely destroyed in the Second World War. A large and important set of over 2,000 specimens was acquired by BM in 1886 and 1900 and is probably the most important surviving collection.