French physician, naturalist and palaeontologist. Henri Filhol was Professor of Comparative Anatomy at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) in Paris from 1894-1902.

As a member of one of the expeditions sent to observe the transit of Venus in 1874-1875, Filhol travelled to Campbell's Island and New Zealand, where he collected plants, animals and minerals. His findings were published by the Paris Académie des Sciences in 1885 in the Recueil de mémoire, rapport et documents. A peak on Campbell's Island is named Filhol Peak in his honour.

The herbarium of the MNHN took receipt of Filhol's plant collections, which comprised about 200 from Campbell's Island and 683 from New Zealand. A set of 35 of these were passed on to Kew in 1878. The labels are marked M. Filhol, rather than H. Filhol, presumable meaning Monsieur.

Sources:
Anon, 1902, Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 8: 239
Anon, 1902, Nature, 66: 133-134
G. Sayre, 1975, "Cryptogamae Exsiccatae: an annotated bibliography of exsiccatae of algae, lichens, hepaticae, and musci. V. Unpublished Exsiccatae: I. Collectors", Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 19(3): 320.