German botanist from Berlin who was a lecturer at Berlin University and later Curator of the Berlin botanical gardens and museum, acting as head of the central botanical branch for the colonies. His original herbarium of approximately 3,000 specimens at B was mainly destroyed during the Second World War but some material survives, such as the wet algal material collected during the Kilimanscharo expedition (May-October 1893). Over 1200 specimens were received by BM (1895) but some 68 wood samples were probably later transferred to Merseyside Museums (LIV).