ERIANTHEMUM dregei (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Tiegh. [family LORANTHACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1999) Author: POLHILL & D. WIENS
Names
ERIANTHEMUM dregei (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Tiegh. [family LORANTHACEAE], in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 42: 248 (1895); Danser in Verh. K. Akad. Wet., sect. 2, 29(6): 53 (1933); Wiens & Tölken in F.S.A. 10: 30, fig. 12/1 (1979); M.G. Gilbert in Fl. Ethiopia 3: 366, fig. 114.7/6 (1990); Germish. et al. in Fl. Pl. Afr. 53, t. 2084 (1994); Polh. & Wiens in U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 157, t. 56 (1994) & Mistletoes Afr.: 237, photo. 7, 105, fig. 26A (1998). Type: South Africa, Eastern Cape Province, Bothasberg, Ecklon & Zeyher 2284 (B!, G!, MO!, iso.)
Loranthus dregei Eckl. & Zeyh. [family LORANTHACEAE], Enum. Pl. Afr. Austr.: 358 (1837); Harv. in Fl. Cap. 2: 575 (1862); Engl. in E.J. 20: 104 (1894) & P.O.A. C: 166 (1895); Sprague in F.T.A. 6(1): 311 (1910), pro parte, & in Fl. Cap. 5(2): 109 (1915); F.D.O.-A. 2: 165 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 281 (1949), pro parte; U.O.P.Z.: 335 (1949)
Loranthus roseus Klotzsch [family LORANTHACEAE], in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 1: 177 (1861). Type: Mozambique, Maputo, Delagoa Bay, Peters (B!, holo.)
Loranthus hirsutiflorus Klotzsch [family LORANTHACEAE], in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 1: 178 (1861). Type: Mozambique, between Sena and Tete, Peters 8 (B!, holo., K!, iso.)
Loranthus dregei Engl. forma subcuneifolius [family LORANTHACEAE], in E.J. 20: 104 (1894). Lectotype, chosen by Sprague in F.T.A. 6(1): 312 (1910) & K.B. 1911: 138 (1911): Ethiopia, near Gapdia, Schimper II. 768 (B!, lecto., BM!, K!, P!, isolecto.)
Loranthus dregei Engl. forma obtusifolius [family LORANTHACEAE], in E.J. 20: 105 (1894) & in E.J. 28: 383 (1900), pro parte, & in E.J. 30: 302 (1901). Type as for L. roseus Klotzsch
Loranthus dregei Engl var. sodenii [family LORANTHACEAE], . in E.J. 20: 105 (1894) & P.O.A. C: 166 (1895); Sprague in F.T.A. 6(1): 313 (1910); F.D.O.-A. 2: 166 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 282 (1949) & in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 9: 63 (1954). Lectotype, chosen by Polh. & Wiens (1998): Tanzania, Uzaramo District, Dar es Salaam, Hildebrandt 1224 (K!, lecto.)
Loranthus dregei (Engl.) Sprague var. subcuneifolius [family LORANTHACEAE], in F.T.A. 6(1): 312 (1910) & in K.B. 1911: 138 (1911); F.D.O.-A. 2: 166 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 282 (1949)
Loranthus dregei Sprague var. nyasicus [family LORANTHACEAE], in F.T.A. 6(1): 313 (1910) & in K.B. 1911: 139 (1911); F.D.O.-A. 2: 167 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 282 (1949). Lectotype, chosen by Polh. & Wiens (1998): Malawi, Zomba, Purves 154 (K!, lecto.)
Loranthus dregei Sprague var. ovatus [family LORANTHACEAE], in F.T.A. 6(1): 314 (1910) & in K.B. 1911: 139 (1911); F.D.O.-A. 2: 167 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 282 (1949). Lectotype, chosen by Polh. & Wiens (1998): Tanzania, Lushoto District, E. Usambara Mts., Amani, Warnecke 349 (BM!, lecto., EA!, isolecto., K!, fragment)
Loranthus dregei Sprague var. foliaceus [family LORANTHACEAE], in F.T.A. 6(1): 314 (1910) & in K.B. 1911: 139 (1911); T.T.C.L.: 281 (1949). Lectotype, chosen by Polh. & Wiens (1998): Kenya, Machakos District, Kibwezi, Scheffler 346 (K!, lecto., BM!, P!, WAG!, isolecto.)
Loranthus dregei Sprague var. kilimanjaricus [family LORANTHACEAE], in F.T.A. 6(1): 314 (1910) & in K.B. 1911: 140 (1911); K. Krause in N.B.G.B. 8: 499 (1923); F.D.O.-A. 2: 167 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 281 (1949). Type: Tanzania, Moshi District, Kilimanjaro, Marangu, Volkens 1934 (K!, holo., B!, BM!, G!, iso.)
Loranthus heterochromus K. Krause [family LORANTHACEAE], in N.B.G.B. 8: 500 (1923), nom. illegit ., non K. Krause (1922). Type: Kenya, N. Nyeri District, Mt. Kenya Forest Station, R.E. & T.C.E. Fries 444 (B, holo., BR!, K!, iso.)
Loranthus linguiformis Peter [family LORANTHACEAE], F.D.O.-A. 2: 168, Descr. 14, fig. 13/2 (1932); T.T.C.L.: 282 (1949). Type: Tanzania, Dodoma District, Saranda, Peter 44586 (B, holo.)
Erianthemum heterochromum Danser [family LORANTHACEAE], in Verh. K. Akad. Wet., sect. 2, 29(6): 54 (1933). Type as for L. heterochromus K. Krause
Erianthemum linguiforme (Peter) Danser [family LORANTHACEAE], in Rec. Trav. Bot. Néerl. 31: 223 (1934)
Loranthus ulugurensis [family LORANTHACEAE], [sensu U.K.W.F.: 330, fig. on 335 (1974), non Engl.]
Erianthemum hirsutiflorum (Klotzsch) Balle [family LORANTHACEAE], ined.; Vollesen in Opera Bot. 59: 63 (1980), nom. invalid ., comb. non rite publ .
Information
Stems spreading to pendent, well branched, to 1.5 m. or so; twigs tomentellous with white to fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent. Leaves opposite to alternate, well spaced except at the base of new shoots; petiole 3–15 mm. long; lamina elliptic-oblong to ovate, 3–10 cm. long, 1.2–6 cm. wide, cuneate, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous to subdensely stellate-pubescent, glabrescent, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves. Heads 1–several in axils or at nodes below, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–18 mm. long; bract broadly ovate, concave, 2–5 mm. long, sometimes with a leafy limb and up to 15 mm. long, stellate-pubescent. Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, long-hairy; calyx tubular, 2.5–6 mm. long, thinly to densely silky villous. Corolla 3–5(–5.5) cm. long, pale often yellowish green, generally flushed orange to pink on the tube above the basal swelling, usually densely silky villous, the long whitish, cream or sometimes reddish hairs masking the constriction, but sometimes (especially in coastal plants) long hairs rather sparse on the basal part of the then notably waisted tube; basal swelling 3–7 mm. long; constriction 3–6 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 4–12 mm. long. Berry orange to bright red, 10–15 mm. long including the calyx, pilose; seed red. Fig. 17/1–4.
Range
DISTR. U 1, 3; K 1–4, 6, 7; T 1–3, 5–8; Z eastern Africa from N. Ethiopia south to the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, extending westwards to S. Angola
Altitude range
0–2650 m.
Distribution
UGANDA Karamoja District Timu Forest, 6 Nov. 1939, A.S. Thomas 3205! & Kamion, 8 Nov. 1939, A.S. Thomas 3246!;KENYA Northern Frontier Province Moyale, 28 Apr. 1952, Gillett 12952!;TANZANIA Mbulu District Lake Manyara National Park, near Msasa, 28 Feb. 1964, Greenway & Kanuri 11261!;UGANDA Mbale District Elgon, Kapchorwa, 8 Sept. 1954, Lind 276!KENYA Machakos District Lukenya, 24 Sept. 1978, M.G. Gilbert 5059!;KENYA Kilifi District 9 km. S. of Malindi on Mombasa road, 16 Jan. 1972, Wiens 4527!TANZANIA Handeni District Kideleko Mission, 16 July 1957, Semsei 2668!;TANZANIA Tunduru District ± 11 km. E. of Songea District boundary, 7 June 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 10680!; Zanzibar I., Chukwani, 7 Aug. 1959, Faulkner 2325!
Notes
The most common and variable species in much of East Africa. Plants from the coastal region, described as var. sodenii, tend to have small flowers, small bracts and more elongate leaves. Over most of the highlands east of the Rift from C. Tanzania to N. Somalia the bracts are generally (not invariably) foliaceous (var. foliaceus; L. heterochromus ) and the leaves tend to be relatively short, cordate and subpersistently hairy. West of the Rift, around Lake Victoria, on Elgon and in NW. Ethiopia, the bracts are less likely to be leafy and the leaves are more variably shaped. In western Tanzania the species is replaced by E. taborense and in the Brachystegia woodlands E. dregei is uncommon and notably variable in the shape of the leaves. The forest element from the Usambara Mts. to Malawi is maintained as a separate species, E. schelei .The name Loranthus dregei var. curvifolius Engl. is mentioned by Engler in Schinz, Pl. Menyharth.: 409 (1905). Sprague in F.T.A. 6(1): 312 (1910) has interpreted this as just a mistake for forma subcuneifolius Engl. There is an observation about the curved flowers, but Sprague does not regard this as a validating description. The specimen, Menyharth 509, from Tete Province of Mozambique, has not been seen.
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