AVENA abyssinica Hochst. [family ]

Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical Africa, Vol 10, page 1, (1937) Author: (By C. E. HUBBARD.)
Names
AVENA abyssinica Hochst. [family ], in Schimper Iter Abyss., Sect. 3, Unit. It., no. 1877 (1846), & ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 415 (1851). —Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. i. 230, in part; Cosson & Durieu, Expl. Sci. Algér., Glumac. 106; Nevski in Act. Univ. Asiæ Med. ser. 8b, Bot., fasc. 17, 4.
AVENA sativa Koern. var. abyssinica [family ], in Koern. & Wern. Handb. Getreideb. i. 208, 215–216 (1885); Engl. in Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1891, 129 (Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.), excl. specimen; Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. 2, 31; Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afr. v. 843, in part; K. Schum. in Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C. 109, in part; Peter in Fedde, Repert. Beih. xl. 303.
AVENA sativa Koern. var. Schimperi [family ], in Koern. & Wern. Handb. Getreideb. i. 208, 216 (1885).
AVENA sativa Koern. var. Hildebrandtii [family ], l.c.
AVENA sativa Koern. var. Braunii [family ], l.c.
AVENA strigosa Hausskn. var. A. abyssinica [family ], in Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ver., n.f. vi. 45 (1894).
AVENA Wiestii Hausskn. var. solida glabra [family ], l.c. xiii.–xiv. 51 (1899).
AVENA abyssinica Chiov. forma glaberrima [family ], in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 343 (1908).
AVENA abyssinica Chiov. var. typica [family ], in Monogr. Rapp. Colon. Roma, no. 24, 18 (1912) (incl. forma Schimperi, Chiov., forma Hildebrandtii, Chiov., forma Braunii, Chiov., and forma glaberrima, Chiov.).
AVENA strigosa Thell. var. glaberrima [family ], in Viertelj. Nat. Ges. Zurich, lvi. heft 3, 336 (1911); Thell. in Rec. Trav. Bot. Néerl. xxvA. 436; Malzew in Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. & Pl.-Breed., Suppl. 38, 285, t. 37, t. 38, figs. 4–5 (1930).
AVENA abyssinica Thell. subsp. abyssinica [family ], in Viertelj. Nat. Ges. Zurich, lvi. heft 3, 335 (1911), in obs.
AVENA strigosa Thell. subsp. strigosa [family ], prol. abyssinica, Thell. l.c., in obs.
AVENA Schimperi Vavilov [family ], in Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. & Pl.-Breed. xvi. no. 2, 49, 177 (1926).
AVENA Hildebrandtii Vavilov [family ], l.c.
AVENA Braunii Vavilov [family ], l.c.
Information
Annual, 2 1/2–3 ft. high. Culms erect, moderately stout, simple, 4-noded, glabrous, smooth. Leaf-sheaths rather loose, terete, glabrous, or the lower puberulous, smooth; ligule broad, denticulate, 2 1/2–5 lin. long; blade linear, long-tapering to a fine point, up to 1 ft. long, 3–5 1/2 lin. wide, flat, glabrous, scaberulous. Panicle ovate, loose, open, nodding, up to 1 1/4 ft. long and 6 in. wide; rhachis glabrous, smooth below; branches spreading, slender, in semi-whorls, naked for up to 3 in. from the base, sparingly divided, finely scaberulous; pedicels filiform, flexuous, scaberulous, variable in length. Spikelets pendulous, 10–12 1/2 lin. long. Glumes broadly lanceolate, finely acuminate, glabrous, smooth, 7–9-nerved, the upper slightly longer than the lower. Florets 2–4, all awned; rhachilla not disarticulating at the base or between the florets, the lowest internode short, glabrous or shortly bearded, the remaining internodes bearded with pale tawny hairs 1/2–1 lin. long. Valves lanceolate, long-acuminate, shortly bifid, with each lobe bearing a fine bristle 1/2–1 1/2 lin. long and sometimes a lateral tooth, the lowest 7 1/2–9 lin. long, the remainder shorter, all 7-nerved, with the nerves obscure below, finely scaberulous on the nerves above the middle, glabrous, or with a few hairs towards the margins; awn inserted at or just below the middle of the valve, scabrid, up to 18 lin. long, the column 5–6 1/2 lin. long, dark brown. Valvules narrowly oblong, up to 6 lin. long, ciliolate and narrowly winged on the keels. Anthers 1 lin. long. Grain tightly embraced, but free from the valve and valvule, 3 1/2–4 lin. long, hairy all over.
Distribution
Tanganyika Mozamb. Dist. cultivated at Amani, originally from Abyssinia, Braun, 5852–1!Eritrea Nile Land Asmara, 6000 ft., Vavilov, 1030; Amasen; Sala Dharo, 7600 ft., Pappi, 2292; near the fort Bet Maka, Pappi, 4320; At Zien, 8300 ft., Pappi, 5284; Ocule Cusai; Soyra Mtns., plateau of Golo, 9300 ft., Pappi, 1117; Saganeiti, 7300 ft., in barley fields, Schweinfurth, 1388; Scimezana; Guna Guna, 7300 ft., Pappi, 751; plateau of Gheleba, 8200 ft., Pappi, 832; Medri od Tesfa; Adi Ghebsus, 5300 ft., Pappi, 6541, 7251.Abyssinia Nile Land without precise locality, in fields, 1844, Schimper, 1877! 1850, Schimper, 35! Samen; Jaja, 9000–11,000 ft., common in fields, 1854, Schimper, 400! Ankober, in cultivations, Roth, 139! Derru, 6300 ft., Vavilov, 1022; Mt. Mullat, 6600 ft., Vavilov, 1018.
Distribution (external)
tropical Arabia (Yemen)
Notes
Vern. Names:— Saa (Tigre); Gherama (Ankober).This cultivated oat has been derived undoubtedly from A. vaviloviana, Malzew. Malzew (in Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. & Pl.-Breed., Suppl. 38, 285) recognises two varieties: 1, A. strigosa, subsp. abyssinica, var. subglaberrima, Malzew, l.c. t. 38, figs. 2–3, in which the valves are subpilose at the insertion of the awn, or glabrescent; 2. A. strigosa, subsp. abyssinica, var. glaberrima, Malzew (l.c.), with glabrous valves. Koernicke states that his four varieties (vars. abyssinica, Schimperi, Hildebrandtii, and Braunii) resemble each other and can be distinguished only by the colour of the grain; the colours being white, yellow, grey and blackish-brown respectively.
AVENA abyssinica Hochst. [family ]
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