Compilation
Ziziphus abyssinica

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Name

Identification
Ziziphus abyssinica A.Rich. [family RHAMNACEAE ]
Related name
  • Ziziphus abyssinica
Common name
  • kùkúrnà (Schuh) (NIGERIA, GERA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • bìná (NIGERIA, KANURI), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • jujubier sauvage., Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • magariya (A&S) mágáriyár kúúráá (KO&S) mágáryáá (ZOG) (NIGERIA, HAUSA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • kwǎa (Schuh) (NIGERIA, GALAMBI), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • (Guinea-Bissau) djabi (JDES; RdoF) (GUINEA-BISSAU, FULA-PULAAR), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • catch thorn., Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • tomboron (JDES) (GUINEA-BISSAU, BADYARA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4
  • larukluror (FRI) (GHANA, SISAALA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4

Flora

Entry for ZIZIPHUS abyssinica A. Rich. [family RHAMNACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1972) Author: MARSHALL C. JOHNSTON (University of Texas Herbarium)
Names
ZIZIPHUS abyssinica A. Rich. [family RHAMNACEAE], Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 136 (1847); T.T.C.L.: 469 (1949); I.T.U., ed. 2: 326, fig. 69/a, c–e (1952); Brenan in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 8: 239 (1953); Exell & Mendonça, C.F.A. 2: 29 (1954), pro parte, excl. syn. Engl. & Gilg; Verdc, in B.J.B.B. 27: 353 (1957); F.W.T.A., ed. 2,1: 669 (1958); Evrard in F.C.B. 9: 440 (1960); E.P.A.: 498 (1960); K.T.S.: 393 (1961); F.F.N.R.: 228 (1962); R.B. Drummond in F.Z. 2: 420 (1966). Type: Ethiopia, Tigre, Djeladjeranne, 20 Jan. 1840, Schimper III. 1694 (P, holo. !, BR, FI, FR, GOET, K, L, M, S, UPS, W, Z, iso. !)
ZIZIPHUS jujuba [family RHAMNACEAE], sensu Hemsl. in F.T.A. 1: 379 (1868), pro parte, quoad syn. Z. abyssinica; Eyles in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 406 (1916), pro parte, quoad specim. Rogers; Exell in J.B. 65, Suppl. Polypet.: 80 (1927), non (L.) Gaertn.]
ZIZIPHUS jujuba Engl. forma obliquifolia [family RHAMNACEAE], Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. (in Abh. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1891): 294 (1892). Tvpe: Ethiopia, Tigre, Djeladjeranne, 20 Jan. 1840, Schimper III. 1694 (B, syn. †, BR, FI, FR, GOET, K, L, M, P, S, UPS, W, Z, isosyn. !)
ZIZIPHUS jujuba Engl. var. obliquifolia [family RHAMNACEAE], in E.J. 30: 351 (1902). Type: Tanganyika, Rungwe District, mouth of R. Luferio, Goetze 873 (B, holo.†, BR, L, iso. !)
ZIZIPHUS jujuba Sim var. nemoralis [family RHAMNACEAE], For. Fl. Port. E. Afr.: 35 (1909), ex char. Type: Mozambique, Sim (not located)
ZIZIPHUS mauritiana (A. Rich.) Fiori var. abyssinica [family RHAMNACEAE], Bosch, o piant. legn. Eritr.: 234 (1912); A. Chev. in Rev. Intern. Bot. Appliq. et d’Agric. Trop. 27: 477 (1947)
ZIZIPHUS baguirmiae A. Chev. [family RHAMNACEAE], in Étud. Fl. Afr. Centr. Franc. 1: 59 (1913), nom. subnud. Types: Chad, Baguirmi, between Abou Gher and Arahil, A. Chevalier 9685 bis (P, holo. !, BR, L, W, iso. !)
ZIZIPHUS mauritiana [family RHAMNACEAE], [sensu Staner in B.J.B.B. 15: 398 (1939): Wild, Guide Fl. Vict. Falls: 151 (1952); Suesseng., E. & P. Pf., ed. 2, 20d: 124 (1953), pro parte, non Lam.]
ZIZIPHUS atacorensis A. Chev. [family RHAMNACEAE], in Rev. Intern. Bot. Appliq. et d’Agric. Trop. 27: 479 (1947). Type: Dahomey, Atacora Mts., foot of Tanguieta cliff, A. Chevalier 24090 in part (P, holo. !, K, iso. !)
ZIZIPHUS atacorensis A. Chev. var. oblongifolia [family RHAMNACEAE], in Rev. Intern. Bot. Appliq. et d’Agric. Trop. 27: 480 (1947). Type: Dahomey, upper Volta, near Konkobiri, A. Chevalier 24367 in part (P, holo. !, BR, K, iso. !)
Information
Shrubs or small trees (2–)3–6(–13) m. tall, armed; trunk to 25 cm. thick; bark grey, very deeply furrowed or fissured; slash-wood deep red; sapwood reddish brown. Branchlets pubescent, zig-zag. Leaf-blades ovate to broadly ovate, (3–)5–8(–13) cm. long, (2–)3–5(–9) cm. broad, at base rounded and very asymmetric, obtuse to acute or even acuminate, 3-nerved from the base, above when young glabrous or finely pubescent, eventually glabrous and with somewhat impressed venation, beneath often tomentose to nearly glabrous and with prominulent veins; petioles (3–)5–8(–12) mm. long, tomentose. Cymes 1–2 cm. long and broad, (6–)10–25-flowered; peduncles 2–6(–10) mm. long, tomentose; pedicels 0.5–3 mm. long in flower, 3–6(–9) mm. long in fruit, tomentose. Sepals 1.5–2 mm. long, dorsally tomentose. Petals 1–1.5 mm. long. Ovary 2-celled. Drupe 2–3 cm. thick, reddish when mature. Stone 2-seeded. Fig. 8/4, p. 25, & 9, p. 28.
Range
DISTR. U1, 3, 4; K1–5, 7; T1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 Senegal to Ethiopia and S. to Angola, Rhodesia and Mozambique
Altitude range
400–2200 m.
Distribution
KENYA Northern Frontier Province Moyale, 9 Oct. 1952, Gillett 14018!;KENYA Machakos District Kibwezi-Ithaba plains, 15 May 1938, Bally 7674 !;KENYA Teita District Mwatate, H.H. Johnston !TANGANYIKA Moshi District E. Kilimanjaro, Himo R., 24 Jan. 1936, Greenivay 4486 !;TANGANYIKA Mbeya District 1.6 km. S. of Songwe river on Mbeya-Tunduma road, 5 Jan. 1963, Boaler 806 !;TANGANYIKA Masasi District Ndanda, 25 May 1943, Gillman 1442 !UGANDA W. Nile District Moyo, Dec. 1931, Brasnett in F.D. 305!;UGANDA Teso District Serere, May 1932, Chandler 668 !;UGANDA Mengo District Entebbe, Fyffe 128 !
Notes
Exelland Mendonça, C.F.A. 2: 29 (1956), include in synonymy here the Z. jujuba (L.) Gaertn. var. aequilaterifolia Engl. & Gilg (in Warb., Kunene-Sambesi-Exped.: 292 (1903); type: Angola, Huila, between Goudkopje and Kakele, Baum 190 (B,holo. †, BM, E, K, M, Z, iso. !)); this collection seems to be determinable as Z. zeyherana Sond., a species reaching its northern limit in southern Angola and Rhodesia.  A specimen from Ufipa District, Sumbawanga-Mkunde[Nkunde], 29 Nov. 1949 Bullock 1954, has all the earmarks of Z. abyssinica, but is said to represent a shrub to 6 dm. tall forming miniature thickets in grassland. The habit is that of Z. zeyherana Sond. This indicates the need for careful field observation on the relationship of that species to Z. abyssinica.  Occasionally the pubescence of the upper surface of the leaves at least partially persists. The persistent pubescence is usually found in specimens with blunt leaf-blades less than 1.5 times as long as broad, e.g. Kenya, Machakos/Kitui District, Yatta, 56 km. E. of Thika, 11 June 1961, J.G. Williams in E.A.H. 12331; Tanganyika, Ufipa District, Muse-Sumbawanga road, 10 Nov. 1963, Richards 18383, Mbeya District, Igawa, Jan. 1962, Procter 1957, and Kondoa District, Bereku Ridge, 13 Jan. 1928, B.D. Burtt 1060. The two apparently linked characters of persistent pubescence and leaf shape signal similarity to Z. mucronata subsp. rhodesica R.B. Drummond, which, however, has not yet been found in genetically pure state in East Africa, so far as is known.

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