Compilation
Vernonia amygdalina

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Name

Identification
Gymnanthemum abyssinicum Sch.Bip. ex Walp. [family COMPOSITAE ] Verified by Not on sheet, Vernonia amygdalina Delile [family COMPOSITAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Not on sheet,
Related name
  • Decaneurum amygdalinum
  • Vernonia abyssinica
  • Vernonia amygdalina
  • Vernonia rigiophylla
  • Vernonia condensata
  • Vernonia vogeliana
  • Vernonia giorgii
  • Gymnanthemum abyssinicum
  • Microglossa pyrifolia
  • Gymnanthemum amygdalinum
  • Vernonia adenosticta
Common name
  • kíríòlògbò = ground cat (KW) (NIGERIA, IJO-IZON (Kolokuma)), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • bita-lif = bitter leaf (FCD) (SIERRA LEONE, KRIO), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • etulùp (LB) (NIGERIA, BEROM), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • ityuna (Vermeer) (NIGERIA, TIV), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • o-bσwen(e) (auctt.) (GHANA, FANTE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • sàŋká (Rytz) (GHANA, GUANG-GONJA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • kađkađđe (JMD) siwaakewal (pl. siwaakeeje) = tooth-stick (JMD) (NIGERIA, FULA-FULFULDE (Nigeria)), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • (Pecí) gbσ (BD&H; FRI) gbσti (FRI) gbσtsi = goat tree; from its poisonous property (FRI, ex JMD) (GHANA, VHE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • àtídòt = bitter leaf (SOA; Kaufman) (NIGERIA, IBIBIO), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • wólóm (Newman) (NIGERIA, DERA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • yìŋŋá (Chumbow) (WEST CAMEROONS, NGEMBA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • avenya (Volkens; FB) (TOGO, GBE-VHE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • avenya (FRI, ex JMD) gbσ (FRI, ex JMD) gbσti (FRI, ex JMD) gbσtsi = goat tree; for its poisonous property (FRI, ex JMD) (GHANA, GBE-VHE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • bowin (Sampeney) mponasere = concubine laughs (FRI) (GHANA, AKAN-ASANTE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • kossa fina (CHOP; FB) (GUINEA, MANDING-MANINKA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • nje nyani = spoil goat, from the bitter quality (JMD) (SIERRA LEONE, MENDE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • agσaflu (FRI) akpa (Field; FRI) tà (KD) (GHANA, GA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • bantara bururé (CHOP) dakuna (CHOP) (GUINEA, FULA-PULAAR (Guinea)), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • chusar doki a horse tonic food containing the leaves (JMD) fatefate, mayemaye a food prepared from the leaves (JMD) shiwáákáá, shìwaákaá (auctt.) (NIGERIA, HAUSA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • a-bita-lif from the Krio (FCD) a-dif-wir = kill goats (FCD) an-gbẻnthσ (FCD) (SIERRA LEONE, TEMNE), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • agba (A.S.Thomas) (GHANA, ADANGME), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • tusima (FB) (TOGO, TEM), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • òlúgbù (standard transcription); òlúbi, òlúbú, ònúgbù, ònúbú (variants) (BNO) (NIGERIA, IGBO), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • bitter leaf., Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • aloma (A. Chev.) aloma kulu (A. Chev.) (DAHOMEY, TEM), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • òlúbì, òlúgbì = bitter leaf (AJC) (NIGERIA, IGBO (Umuahia)), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • ewúrò (auctt.) ewúrò jíjẹ = edible ewúrò (Ross; JMD) ewúrò oko = farm ewúro (Ross; JMD) orín, pákò general for chew-stick roots (JMD) (NIGERIA, YORUBA), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • óríwò (JMD) (NIGERIA, EDO), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • awonwẽnẽ from nwẽnẽ: sour (BD&H; FRI) awonywẽnẽ o-bσwen (Enti) (GHANA, TWI), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1
  • tingma (Volkens) tusima (Volkens) (TOGO, TEM (Tshaudjo)), Burkill, H.M. 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 1

Flora

Entry for Vernonia amygdalina Delile [family COMPOSITAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, Part 1, page 1, (2000) Author: H. J. Beentje, M.Sc., Ph.D., F.L.S.
Names
Vernonia amygdalina Delile [family COMPOSITAE], Centr. Pl. Afr.: 41 (1826); Oliv. & Hiern in F.T.A. 3: 284 (1877); T.T.C.L.: 165 (1949); F.P.S. 3: 59 (1956); F.P.U.: 183 (1962); C.D. Adams in F.W.T.A. ed. 2, 2: 277, fig. 260 (1963); Maquet in Fl. Rwanda 3: 560 (1985); C. Jeffrey in K.B. 43: 212 (1988); G.V. Pope in F.Z. 6: 70, t. 13c (1992); K.T.S.L.: 566 (1994); U.K.W.F. ed. 2: 202 (1994); Kalanda & Lisowski in Fragm. Flor. Geobot. 40 (2): 683, fig. 31 (1995). Type: Sudan, Fazoql, Cailliaud (MPU, holo., not found, also not at P)
Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Walp. [family COMPOSITAE], in Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 948 (1843); H. Rob. in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 112: 239 (1999)
 Vernonia eritreana Klatt [family ], in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4: 826 (1896). Type: Eritrea, Mailam Dembelas, 20 Mar. 1894, Kaiser (Z!, holo.)
 Vernonia randii S. Moore [family ], in J.B. 37: 369 (1899); T.T.C.L.: 165 (1949). Syntypes: Zimbabwe, Harare, Rand 495 & 1371 or 1372 (all BM!, Syn.)
 Vernonia weisseana Muschl. [family ], in E.J. 46: 91 (1911). Type: Congo (Kinshasa), Lake Albert-Edward, 1952, Mildbraed 1952 & Rutshuru [Rutschurru] Steppe, Mildbraed 1894 (both B†, Syn., BR!, isoSyn.-fragm.)
 Vernonia giorgii De Wild. [family ], in B.J.B.B. 5: 92 (1915). Type: Congo (Kinshasa), Likimi, de Giorgi 215 (BR!, holo.)
Information
 Shrub or small tree 0.5-10 m tall, much-branched, spreading, coppice-growing, trunk up to 40 cm in diameter; bark grey or brown, smooth, becoming longitudinally fissured; slash green, becoming black on exposure; stems pubescent with asymmetrical T-shaped hairs. Leaves petiolate, elliptic, lanceolate or (broadly) ovate, 4-15(-28) cm long, 1.2-4(-15) cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, margins minutely remotely denticulate to coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate, apiculate, rather thinly pubescent and glabrescent except for the midrib above, finely crispate-pubescent especially on the veins and often ± glabrescent beneath; petiole 0.2-4 cm long. Capitula several to numerous in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 3-12 mm long, pubescent; involucre cylindrical, ovoid-cylindrical or broadly ellipsoid, 3-5 mm long; phyllaries 3-7-seriate, appressed, broadly ovate to lanceolate, 1-4.4 mm long, obtuse to rounded, apiculate, pale green, slightly darker near the apex, finely white-ciliate on the margins. Florets 10-24 per capitulum, sweetly scented, strongly exserted; corolla white, occasionally tinged pale lilac, mauve or pink, 5.3-8.2 mm long, lobes erect, connivent, glabrous, 2-3 mm long, with capitate glands. Achenes 1.7-3.5 mm long, 10-ribbed, thinly pubescent and usually glandular; outer pappus of linear scales, often scant, caducous, 0.2-1.3 mm long, inner of cream or brownish bristles 4-7 mm long, distally flattened. Fig. 40.
Range
Distr.U 1-4; K 2, 3, 5, 6, 4/7 border; T 1-7 tropical Africa
Altitude range
300-1950 m
Distribution
KENYA W Suk District 2 km W of Ortum, Nov. 1970, Mabberley 436!KENYA S Kavirondo District Mbita Point, Dec. 1981, Gachathi & Opon 120/81!KENYA Masai District Ol Doinyo Orok, Sep. 1977, Gilbert et al. 4862!TANZANIA Bukoba District Ruasina Forest Reserve, Sep. 1970, Ruffo 408!TANZANIA Mpanda District Mpanda town to Mpanda Hill, July 1968, Sanane 232!TANZANIA Iringa District Great Ruaha R. 12 km W of Kidatu Bridge, Sep. 1970, Thulin & Mhoro 914!UGANDA W Nile District Amua, Eggeling!UGANDA Toro District Queen Elizabeth National Park, Nyamugasani, Dec. 1988, Lock 88/12!UGANDA Mubende District SW of Biko Hill, Mar. 1970, Lye et al. 5144!
Distribution (external)
Yemen

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