Compilation
Urtica adoensis

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Name

Identification
Isotype of Urtica adoensis Hochst. ex Steud. [family URTICACEAE ] Girardinia diversifolia (Link) Friis [family URTICACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Friis et al.,
Related name
  • Urtica adoensis
  • Urtica heterophylla
  • Urtica palmata
  • Girardinia condensata
  • Girardinia diversifolia
  • Girardinia adoensis

Flora

Entry for Girardinia diversifolia Link Friis [family URTICACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Zambesiaca
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
FZ, Vol 9, Part 6, page 79, (1991) Author: I. Friis
Names
Girardinia heterophylla subsp. adoensis Steud. Cufod. [family URTICACEAE], in Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 39, suppl.: XX (1969). Type as above.
Urtica adoensis Steud. [family URTICACEAE], in Flora 33: 259 (1850). —A. Rich., Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 262 (1851). Type from Ethiopia.
Urtica condensata Steud. [family URTICACEAE], in Flora 33: 260 (1850). —A. Rich., Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 263 (1851). Type from Ethiopia.
Girardinia adoensis Steud. Wedd. [family URTICACEAE], in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. 4, 1: 181 (1854). Type as above.
Girardinia condensata Steud. Wedd. [family URTICACEAE], in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. 4, 1: 181 (1854); in Monogr. Urtic.: 169, t. 2, fig. 1–5 (1856); in DC., Prodr. 16, 1: 103 (1869). —Rendle in F.T.A. 6, 2: 266 (1917). —Hauman in F.C.B. 1: 196 (1948). —Robyns, Fl. Parc Nat. Alb. 1: 76 (1948). —F.W. Andr., Fl. Pl. Anglo-Egypt. Sudan 2: 278 (1952). —Keay in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 618 (1958). Type as above.
Urtica diversifolia Link [family URTICACEAE], Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Alt. 2: 385 (1822), non Blume (1825). Type as above.
Girardinia condensata var. adoensis Steud. De Wild. [family URTICACEAE], in Ann. Mus. Congo Bot., Sér. IV, 1:173 (1903). Type as for Urtica adoensis Steud.
Girardinia heterophylla Decne. [family URTICACEAE], in Jacquem., Voy. Inde 4, Bot.: 152 (1844). —Wedd., Monogr. Urt.: 164 (1856); in DC., Prodr. 16, 1: 100 (1869). —Letouzey in Fl. Cameroun 8: 110, t. 17 (1968). —Wickens in Fl. Jebel Marra: 120 (1976). Type as for Urtica palmata Forssk.
Urtica palmata Forssk. [family URTICACEAE], Fl. Aegypt-Arab.: 159 (1775), non Girardinia palmata Blume (1855). Type from the Yemen.
Urtica heterophylla Vahl [family URTICACEAE], Symb. Bot. 1: 76 (1790) nom. illegit. superfl. Type as for U. palmata Forssk.
Girardinia diversifolia Link Friis [family URTICACEAE], in Kew Bull. 36: 145 (1981); in F.T.E.A., Urticaceae: 13, fig. 4 (1989). TAB. 24. Type from N. India.
Information
Erect annual or short-lived perennial herbs to 1.5(2) m. tall, monoecious or dioecious by abortion. Stem sparsely branched, pubescent and covered with stinging hairs 7–9 mm. long, and with short stiff hairs. Leaves usually fallen from the lower part of the stem at anthesis, 10–20(25) x 10–18(23) cm., ovate to cordate but extremely variously lobed or divided (lamina of the younger leaves usually the least divided); apices of entire leaves and of lobes acuminate; base cuneate, truncate or cordate; margin dentate (with 20–25 teeth on each side in undivided leaves), teeth fine to coarse; lamina not bullate, triplinerved, upper surface glabrescent except for the stinging hairs, lower surface pubescent and with stinging hairs on the nerves. Petioles 3–15 cm. long, densely beset with stinging hairs. Stipules linear-lanceolate, fused for at least four fifths of their length, usually fallen at anthesis. Cystoliths dot-like. Inflorescences unisexual, cylindrical, up to 10 cm. long. Male inflorescences narrow, spicate panicles on peduncles to c. 2 cm. long; flowers on pedicels c. 1 mm. long, clustered, perianth 4–5-merous, tepals without dorsal appendages, rudimentary ovary present Female inflorescences thicker than the males, densely cymose, consisting of small dichasia 2–3 cm. long at anthesis but elongating to 10–15 cm. during ripening of fruit; flowers sessile, perianth c. 2 mm. long with 3 fused tepals, a free fourth tepal usually absent, ovary enclosed in perianth, stigma filiform. Achene up to 2 mm. long, ovoid to subcordate, compressed, rugose.
Habitat
In montane forest, especially in clearings or along roads, in moist rocky places and moderately shaded areas near cultivation, and in caves and rocky outcrops
Range
Widespread in the mountains of tropical Africa, from Senegal to S. Sudan and Ethiopia and south to Angola and S. Africa (Transvaal); Asia from Sri Lanka and India to S. China, Taiwan and Indonesia.
Altitude range
1000–1600 m.
1600
1000
Distribution
Mozambique MS Inhamitanga, fl. 17.vi.1963, M.F. Carvalho 626 (LMU).Malawi S Thyolo Distr., Thyolo (Cholo) Mt., 1200 m., female fl. & fr. 24.ix.1946, Brass 17778 (PRE; SRGH).Zimbabwe S Kyle Dam, Beza Spring, female fl. & fr. 25.v.1971, Mavi 1249A (SRGH).Malawi C Lilongwe Distr., Dzalanyama, Kawai Hills, female fl. & fr. 29.iv.1958 Jackson 2226 (SRGH).Zimbabwe E Chimanimani (Melsetter) Distr., Gwendingwe Forest, 1590 m., female fl. & fr. 28.vi.1976, Müller 2897 (SRGH).Zimbabwe C Marondera (Marandellas), male & female fls. 6.iv.1950, Wild 3319 (M; SRGH).Zambia E Chipata (Fort Jameson), female fl. & fr. 31.v.1958, Fanshawe 4483 (SRGH).Zimbabwe W Matobo Distr., Besna Kobila, 1600 m., male & female fls. iv.1953, Miller 1729 (SRGH).Mozambique T Angónia, Mt. Dómuè, 1450 m., male fls. 9.iii., Torre & Pavia 11089 (LISC).Zimbabwe N Makonde Distr., Mhangura (Mangula), female fl. & fr. 20.iv.1962 Jacobsen 1689 (PRE; SRGH).Malawi N Mzimba Distr., Viphya Plateau, Mzuzu, female fl. 15.v.1976, Pawek 11269 (K; MO; SRGH).Zambia N Lake Mweru, Chiengi, 1000 m., female fl. & fr. 17.vii.1957, Whellan 1396 (PRE; SRGH).
Distribution (external)
Madagascar
Yemen
Notes
Leaf morphology of this species is extremely variable, and this has given rise to an extensive synonymy (Kew Bull. 36: 154–155, fig. 4 (1981)). The leaves often vary considerably within a single individual.

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