Compilation
Torulinium odoratum

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Name

Identification
Cyperus odoratus L. [family CYPERACEAE ] (stored under name); Torulinium odoratum (L.) Hooper [family CYPERACEAE ] Mariscus ferax (Rich) C.B.Clarke [family CYPERACEAE ]
Related name
  • Cyperus jubiflorus
  • Mariscus ferax
  • Cyperus ferax
  • Cyperus apatris
  • Cyperus strigosus
  • Cyperus odoratus
  • Cyperus jubaeflorus
  • Cyperus cubanus
  • Cyperus horizontalis
  • Cyperus honoluluensis
  • Torulinium odoratum
  • Cyperus consocius
  • Cyperus pseudo-strigosus
  • Cyperus stellatus
  • Cyperus speciosus
  • Cyperus not on sheet
Common name
  • Rusty flatsedge, Flora of North America Vol. 23

Flora

Entry for Cyperus odoratus Linnaeus [family CYPERACEAE]
Herbarium
Flora of North America (FNA)
Collection
Flora of North America
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of North America, Vol 23,
Names
Cyperus odoratus Linnaeus [family CYPERACEAE], Sp. Pl., 1: 46. 1753
Cyperus acicularis (Nees) Steudel [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus californicus S. Watson [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus eggersii Boeckeler [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus engelmannii Steudel [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus ferax Richard [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus ferax subsp. engelmannii (Steudel) Kükenthal [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus ferax subsp. speciosus (Vahl) Kükenthal [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus ferruginescens Boeckeler [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus haenkei J. Presl & C. Presl [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus huarmensis (Kunth) M. C. Johnston [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus macrocephalus Liebmann [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus michauxianus Schultes [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus odoratus var. engelmannii (Steudel) J. Rich. Carter, S. D. Jones & Wipff [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus oxycarioides Britton [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus speciosus Vahl [family CYPERACEAE]
Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus var. parvus Britton [family CYPERACEAE]
Diclidium aciculare Schrader ex Nees [family ]
Diclidium odoratum (Linnaeus) Schrader ex Nees [family ]
Mariscus ferax (Richard) C. B. Clarke [family CYPERACEAE]
Mariscus huarmensis Kunth [family CYPERACEAE]
Torulinium eggersii (Boeckeler) C. B. Clarke [family CYPERACEAE]
Torulinium ferax (Richard) Urban [family CYPERACEAE]
Torulinium macrocephalum (Liebmann) T. Koyama [family CYPERACEAE]
Torulinium michauxianum (Schultes) C. B. Clarke [family CYPERACEAE]
Torulinium odoratum (Linnaeus) S. S. Hooper [family CYPERACEAE]
Information
Herbs, annual (or short-lived perennial). Culms trigonous, (4–)10–50(–130) cm × (0.5–)1–4 mm. Leaves flanged V- or inversely W-shaped, 5–30(–60) cm × 4–12 mm. Inflorescences: spikes 1–5(–12), loosely to densely cylindric, ovoid, or ± pyramidal, 10–20(–40) × (8–)10–30(–35) mm; rays (0–2)6–9(–12), 2–8(–13) cm; if rays absent, infloresence a single dense, capitate cluster of closely imbricate spikes; bracts (4–)5–8(–10), horizontal to ascending at 30–60°, (3–)10–25(–55) cm × 1–14 mm; rachilla hyaline or thickened bronze, carmine, or yellowish, wings clasping achene. Spikelets (10–)20–60(–100), linear-oblong to narrowly linear, cylindric to slightly flattened (when scale tips spreading), (5–)8–15(–38) × 0.8–1.3(–1.9) mm; floral scales (4–)8–12–(30), medially green, laterally reddish to stramineous to shiny brown or beige, medially 2–5-ribbed, laterally 1–3-ribbed, ovate to elliptic, (2–)2.2–2.8(–3.2) × (1.2–)1.4–1.6(–1.8) mm, apex entire or emarginate with mucro to 0.3 mm. Flowers: anthers (0.2–)0.3–0.4(–0.7) mm; styles 0.4–0.7(–1) mm; stigmas (1–)1.5–3 mm. Achenes brown, reddish brown, or black, stipitate, narrowly ellipsoid to oblong (rarely obovoid-oblong), (1–)1.2–1.5(–1.9) × 0.5–0.6(–0.75) mm, stipe 0.1–0.2 mm, apex acute to barely obtuse, surfaces finely papillose.
Phenology Fruiting
summer
jun
jul
aug
fall
sep
oct
nov
Altitude range
0–1500 m;
Distribution
Central AmericaSouth AmericaAsiaAfricaPacific Islands (Hawaii)Australia.USA Ala.USA Ariz.USA Ark.USA Calif.USA Colo.USA Conn.USA Del.USA D.C.USA Fla.USA Ga.USA Ill.USA Ind.USA IowaUSA Kans.USA Ky.USA La.USA MaineUSA Md.USA Mass.USA Mich.USA Minn.USA Miss.USA Mo.USA Nebr.USA N.H.USA N.J.USA N.Mex.USA N.Y.USA N.C.USA OhioUSA Okla.USA Oreg.USA Pa.USA R.I.USA S.C.USA S.Dak.USA Tenn.USA Tex.USA Vt.USA Va.USA Wash.USA W.Va.USA Wis.Canada Ont.Canada Que.
Discussion
As circumscribed here, Cyperus odoratus is easily identified by its cylindric to subcylindric spikelets in which the corky rachilla of the mature spikelet disarticulates at the base of each scale. The mature spikelet breaks into segments each consisting of a scale and an internode of the rachilla clasping the achene with its corky wings. Cyperus odoratus is an exceedingly variable pantropical and warm-temperate species. Numerous segregates have been named, some of which may deserve recognition when the species is studied in detail worldwide.

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