Compilation
Polypodium mannianum

Terrestrial; rhizome erect to short-decumbent, mostly unbranched, to 8 mm in diameter, with closely spaced stipe bases and brown to ferrugineous subulate scales to 22≈3 mm, closely set with short teeth. Fronds tufted, 4–7 per plant, arching, to 1 m long; stipegreenish to stramineous, up to 48 cm long and up to 5 mm in diameter, proximally densely scaly, higher up moderately scaly, scales stramineous to ferrugineous, up to 15≈4.5 mm, basally frequently with filiform outgrowths, often with scattered glandular cells, denticulate; laminaherbaceous, ovate, up to 53 cm long, to 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, proliferous, generally with one or more scaly buds adaxially along rachis near lamina apex; rachisgreenish to stramineous, narrowly winged towards apex, with ferrugineous to stramineous filiform to lanceolate scales up to 7≈1.8 mm, denticulate, basally with filiform outgrowths, higher up closely set with short teeth; pinnaein up to 12 stalked pairs, basal pinna pair mostly longest, inaequilaterally ovate, narrowly ovate to oblong-acuminate towards lamina apex, basiscopically developed, up to 250≈95 mm, with up to 3 stalked pinnule pairs; pinna-rachisnarrowly winged for most of length, abaxially with sparse to moderate stramineous to ferrugineous filiform to narrowly oblong scales up to 5≈1 mm; pinnulessymmetric or inaequilaterally narrowly ovate to ovate, basiscopically decurrent, pinnatifid, often basiscopically developed, acroscopic pinnule on basal pinnae up to 50≈17 mm, basiscopic pinnule on basal pinnae up to 56≈23 mm, lobes broadly oblong-obtuse, shallowly lobed, dentate, glabrous adaxially, abaxially sparsely set with hairs and scales up to 2 mm long along veins. Soriinframedial on vein branches, discrete at maturity, circular, to 1.5 mm in diameter; sporangiumstalk simple or haired; exindusiate. Spores with short and long ridges, ruminate, 40–58≈26–32 mm. Fig. 13: 3.