a tall tree up to 100 ft. or more high with a bole over 4 ft. in diam.; ultimate branchlets of the mature tree crowded, angular from the decurrent leaf-bases when young; terminal buds ovoid, 1/2– 3/4 lin. long; leaves in the juvenile tree loose, conspicuously plagiotropic, often subopposite, linear, long tapering to an acute point, straight or slightly falcate, up to 4 in. by 3 lin., moderately thick, in the mature tree crowded, scattered, not plagiotropic, linear, usually long and gently tapering to a sharp point, rarely shortly acute, 1–2 in. by 1/4–2 lin., coriaceous, drying dull green or brownish, midrib indistinct above, slightly raised below; male strobiles solitary or in subsessile clusters of 2 or 3, supported by broad roundish bracts, often up to 9 lin. and occasionally over 1 in. long; scales imbricate, with a broadly ovate-triangular acute blade, 1/2 lin. long; female strobiles sessile at the end of short branchlets, carrying reduced and often early deciduous leaves, the strobiles formed of a short axis, 1–1 1/2 lin. long, with 1–3 barren short ultimately deciduous scales, dry and appressed or sometimes foliaceous, spreading and recurved, the uppermost supporting an ovule; seeds ellipsoid-globose, rounded or slightly attenuated at the base, 7–10 lin. long, 6–8 lin. across, glaucous-green to purplish-brown; inner layer of seed-shell very hard, bony, slightly tubercled, up to 1 lin. thick, outer usually thinner and dry or sometimes as thick as the inner and slightly fleshy, resinous inwards. null
