Compilation
Helianthus lenticularis

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Name

Identification
Helianthus lenticularis Douglas [family COMPOSITAE ] Verified by Not on sheet, Helianthus annuus L. [family COMPOSITAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Not on sheet, Helianthus lenticularis Douglas [family COMPOSITAE ] Verified by Not on sheet,
Related name
  • Helianthus annuus
  • Helianthus lindheimerianus
  • Helianthus lenticularis
Common name
  • Common sunflower, Flora of North America Vol. 21

Flora

Entry for Helianthus annuus Linnaeus [family COMPOSITAE]
Herbarium
Flora of North America (FNA)
Collection
Flora of North America
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of North America, Vol 21,
Names
Helianthus annuus Linnaeus [family COMPOSITAE], Sp. Pl., 2: 904. 1753
Helianthus annuus subsp. jaegeri (Heiser) Heiser [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus annuus subsp. lenticularis (Douglas ex Lindley) Cockerell [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus annuus var. lenticularis (Douglas ex Lindley) Steyermark [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus annuus var. macrocarpus (de Candolle) Cockerell [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus annuus subsp. texanus Heiser [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus aridus Rydberg [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus jaegeri Heiser [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus lenticularis Douglas ex Lindley [family COMPOSITAE]
Helianthus macrocarpus de Candolle [family COMPOSITAE]
Treatment Author(s)
Edward E. Schilling
Information
Annuals, 100–300 cm. Stems erect, usually hispid. Leaves mostly cauline; mostly alternate; petioles 2–20 cm; blades lance-ovate to ovate, 10–40 × 5–40 cm, bases cuneate to subcordate or cordate, margins serrate, abaxial faces usually ± hispid, sometimes gland-dotted. Heads 1–9. Peduncles 2–20 cm. Involucres hemispheric or broader, 15–40(–200+) mm diam. Phyllaries 20–30(–100+), ovate to lance-ovate, 13–25 × (3–)5–8 mm, (margins usually ciliate) apices abruptly narrowed, long-acuminate, abaxial faces usually hirsute to hispid, rarely glabrate or glabrous, usually gland-dotted. Paleae 9–11 mm, 3-toothed (middle teeth long-acuminate, glabrous or hispid). Ray florets (13–)17–30(–100+); laminae 25–50 mm. Disc florets 150+(–1000+); corollas 5–8 mm (throats ± bulbous at bases), lobes usually reddish, sometimes yellow; anthers brownish to black, appendages yellow or dark (style branches yellow). Cypselae (3–)4–5(–15) mm, glabrate; pappi of 2 lanceolate scales 2–3.5 mm plus 0–4 obtuse scales 0.5–1 mm. 2n = 34.
Phenology
jun-aug (summer), sep-nov (fall)
Altitude range
0–3000 m;
Distribution
St. Pierre and MiquelonMexicointoduced nearly worldwide.USA Ala.USA Ariz.USA Ark.USA Calif.USA Colo.USA Conn.USA Del.USA D.C.USA Fla.USA Ga.USA IdahoUSA Ill.USA Ind.USA IowaUSA Kans.USA Ky.USA La.USA MaineUSA Md.USA Mass.USA Mich.USA Minn.USA Miss.USA Mo.USA Mont.USA Nebr.USA Nev.USA N.H.USA N.J.USA N.Mex.USA N.Y.USA N.C.USA N.Dak.USA OhioUSA Okla.USA Oreg.USA Pa.USA R.I.USA S.C.USA S.Dak.USA Tenn.USA Tex.USA UtahUSA Vt.USA Va.USA Wash.USA W.Va.USA Wis.USA Wyo.Canada Alta.Canada B.C.Canada Man.Canada N.B.Canada N.W.T.Canada N.S.Canada Ont.Canada P.E.I.Canada Que.Canada Sask.
Discussion
Helianthus annuus is widely distributed, including weedy, cultivated, and escaped plants. It is the only native North American species to become a major agronomic crop. Despite its considerable variability, attempts have failed to produce a widely adopted infraspecific system of classification. Forms with red-colored ray laminae, known from cultivation and occasionally seen escaped, trace their ancestry to a single original mutant plant. It hybridizes with many of the other annual species.

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