Compilation
Haronga madagascariensis

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Name

Identification
Haronga madagascariensis (Poir.) Choisy [family CLUSIACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Data not digitized, null Verified by Data not digitized,
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  • Haronga madagascariensis

Flora

Entry for HARUNGANA madagascariensis [Lam. ex] Poir. [family GUTTIFERAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1953) Author: E. MILNE-REDHEAD
Names
HARUNGANA madagascariensis [Lam. ex] Poir. [family GUTTIFERAE], in Lam., Encycl. Méth. 6: 314 (1804); Exell in J.B. 68: 181 (1930); T.S.K. 36 (1936); Consp. Fl. Angol. 1: 121 (1937); F.P.N.A. 1: 625 (1948); T.T.C.L. 249 (1949); I.T.U., ed. 2, 156 (1952). Types: Madagascar, Commerson and Martin (P–L, syn.)
Arungana paniculata Pers. [family CLUSIACEAE], Syn. 2: 91 (1806), nom. illegit.
Haronga madagascariensis (Poir.) Choisy [family GUTTIFERAE], Prodr. Mon. Hypér. 34 (1821); F.T.A. 1: 160 (1868); Fl. Madag. 135: 12, t .11/813 (1951), nom. illegit.
Haronga paniculata (Pers.) Steud. [family GUTTIFERAE], Nom., ed. 2, 722 (1840); P.O.A. C; 274 (1895); V.E. 3 (2): 503 (1921); E. & P. Pf. 21: 188, fig. 76 (1925); F.W.T.A. 1: 233 (1927); Staner in B.J.B.B. 13: 78 (1934), nom. illegit.
Information
Shrub or tree up to 12 m. (exceptionally 27 m.) high, much branched, evergreen, with scaly bark and orange or blood-red sap. Young stems densely covered with rusty stellate or dendroid hairs. Leaves petiolate; petioles up to 27 mm. long; blades lanceolate to ovate, ranging from 6.5 x 4.5 cm. and 8.5 x 3.5 cm. to 20 x 10 cm., shortly acuminate, rounded (rarely broadly cuneate, truncate or cordate) at the base, with about 14 parallel lateral veins on each side of the midrib, glabrescent and dark glossy green above, pallid below with short glandular or rusty stellate indumentum; young leaves densely rusty on both surfaces. Inflorescence a large many-flowered corymbose-cymose panicle; pedicels and calyx rusty. Flowers sweet-scented. Sepals ovate-elliptic, about 2 mm. long, with a few longitudinal linear glands and gland dots. Petals ovate-elliptic, up to 3 mm. long, with 2–4 gland dots near the apex, white. Stamens 3–4 per bundle; filaments glabrous. Staminodes fleshy, glabrous. Drupe spherical, about 4 mm. diameter; pericarp crustaceous, yellow or orange; pyrenes each 0–2-seeded. Seeds about 2 mm. long. Fig. 5, p. 20.
Range
DISTR. U2–4; K4, 5, 7; T1, 3, 6, 7; Z, P widely spread throughout tropical Africa, and in Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands; apparently absent from Ethiopia.
Altitude range
10-800 m.
Distribution
KENYA N. Kavirondo District Tiriki Forest, Dec. 1911 (unripe fr.), Moon 571!KENYA Mt. Kenya, eastern side near Mara River, 25 Feb. 1922 (fl.), Fries 1973!;KENYA Kwale District Shimba Hills, Mwele, Gardner 1408!TANGANYIKA Bukoba District without locality, 25 Oct. 1925 (fl.), Wigg 270!;TANGANYIKA Rufiji District Mafia Is., Baleni, 3 Sept. 1937 (fr.), Greenway 5219!;TANGANYIKA Rungwe District Tukuyu–Masoko, 22 July 1932 (fr.), Davies 403! & 23 Mar. 1932 (fl.), St. Clair–Thompson 1013!UGANDA Ankole District Igara, Kyamuhunga, May 1939 (fl.), Purseglove 691!;UGANDA Mbale District Elgon, Bufumbo, 22 Dec. 1924 (fr.), Snowden 967!UGANDA Entebbe, Oct. 1931 (fl. & fr.), Eggeling 32!ZANZIBAR Zanzibar Is., Masingini Ridge, 1 Feb. 1923 (fl.), Greenway 1279!ZANZIBAR Pemba Ngezi Forest, July 1901 (fl.), Lyne 120!
Notes
The orange or blood-red sap, which exudes readily from broken leaves and twigs, as well as from a slash, is an excellent field spot-character for this species.

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