Compilation
Gladiolus coccineus

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Name

Identification
Gladiolus coccineus L.Bolus [family IRIDACEAE ] Verified by Not on sheet, Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel [family IRIDACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Not on sheet,
Related name
  • Gladiolus dalenii
  • Gladiolus coccineus

Flora

Entry for GLADIOLUS dalenii subsp. dalenii [family IRIDACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1996) Author: Peter Goldblatt
Names
GLADIOLUS dalenii subsp. dalenii [family IRIDACEAE]
Watsonia natalensis Eckl. [family IRIDACEAE], Topogr. Verz.: 34 (1827), non G. natalensis Hook. (1831). Type not cited
Gladiolus psittacinus Hook. [family IRIDACEAE], in Bot. Mag. 57, t. 3032 (1830); Baker in Fl. Cap. 6: 158 (1896); Hepper, F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 141 (1968); F.P.U., ed. 2: 210 (1971). Type: South Africa, Kwazulu-Natal, without precise locality, t. 3032 in Bot. Mag. 57
Gladiolus natalensis Hook. [family IRIDACEAE], in Bot. Mag. 58, sub t. 3084 (1831); G.J. Lewis et al. in Journ. S. Afr. Bot., Suppl. 10: 44-53 (1972) [cited in error as (Eckl.) Hook.]; Geerinck in B.J.B.B. 42: 281 (1972), excl. var. melleri (Baker) Geerinck; Wickens, Fl. Jebel Marra 158 (1976), nom. superfl. Based on G. psittacinus
Gladiolus quartinianus A. Rich. [family IRIDACEAE], Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 306 (1850); Baker in Bot. Mag. 110, t. 6739 (1884) & in F.T.A. 7: 371 (1898); Hutch. in F.W.T.A. 2: 379 (1936); W.F.K.: 127 (1948); U.O.P.Z.: 273, fig. on 274 (1949). Lectotype, chosen by Goldblatt (1996): Ethiopia, Tigre, Shire, 1839, Quartin-Dillon (P, lecto.!)
Gladiolus luteolus Klatt [family IRIDACEAE], in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 2: 515 (1864); Baker in F.T.A. 7: 368 (1898). Type: Mozambique, lower Zambezi, near Boror, Peters (B, holo.!)
Gladiolus garnieri Klatt [family IRIDACEAE], in Linnaea 37: 511 (1872); Baker, Handb. Irid.: 214 (1892); H. Perrier in Fl. Madag. 45: 13 (1946). Type: Madagascar, without precise locality, 1866, Garnier 68 (JE, holo.!)
Gladiolus corneus Oliv. [family IRIDACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc. 29: 155, t. 100 (1875); Baker, Handb. Irid.: 222 (1892) & in F.T.A. 7: 365 (1898). Type: Tanzania, Tabora District, “ 5°50’ S 33°E”, speke & Grant (K, holo.!)
Gladiolus saltatorum Baker [family IRIDACEAE], Trans. Linn. Soc. 29: 155 (1875). Type: Tanzania, Bukoba District, Karangwe, 1862, speke & Grant (K, holo.!)
Gladiolus ignescens Baker [family IRIDACEAE], in J.B. 14: 334 (1876). Types: Madagascar, Emerina, Hilsenberg & Bojer (BM, syn.!) & Lyall 158 (K, syn.!), Pool (not located, syn.)
Gladiolus newii Baker [family IRIDACEAE], in J.B. 14: 334 (1876) & Handb. Irid.: 214 (1892); U.K.W.F., ed. 2: 324, t. 151 (1994). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, at vegetation limit, Aug. 1871, New (K, holo.!)
Gladiolus angolensis Baker [family IRIDACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. 2, 1: 269 (1878) & Handb. Irid.: 213 (1892). Lectotype, chosen by Goldblatt (1996): Angola, Golungo Alto, Welwitsch 1527 (BM, lecto.!, B, isolecto.!)
Gladiolus sulphureus Baker [family IRIDACEAE], in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. 2, 2: 350 (1887) & in F.T.A. 7: 370 (1898), nom. illegit., non Jacq. (1786-93). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Johnston (K, holo.!)
Gladiolus primulinus Baker [family IRIDACEAE], in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 8: 122 (1890); Hutch. in F.W.T.A. 2: 379 (1936). Type: Tanzania, Dodoma, Usagara [Sagara] Mts., cultivated at Kew, Last (K, holo.!)
Gladiolus kilimandscharicus Pax [family IRIDACEAE], in Engl., Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr.: 175 (1892); Baker, Handb. Irid.: 214 (1892). Type: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Meyer 278 (B, holo.!, K, photo.)
Gladiolus buettneri Pax [family IRIDACEAE], in E.J. 15: 155 (1892); Baker in F.T.A. 7: 372 (1898). Lectotype, chosen by Goldblatt (1996): Togo, Bismarckburg, Büttner 8 (B, lecto.!, K, isolecto.!)
Gladiolus splendidus Rendle [family IRIDACEAE], in J.L.S. 30: 406 (1895); Baker in F.T.A. 7: 369 (1898). Lectotype, chosen by Goldblatt (1996): Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, above Marang [Morang], W.E. Taylor (BM, lecto.!, BM, isolecto.!)
Gladiolus taylorianus Rendle [family IRIDACEAE], in J.L.S. 30: 405 (1895). Type: Kenya, Kilifi District, Rabai hills, Mwele, W.E. Taylor (BM, holo.!)
Gladiolus affinis De Wild. [family IRIDACEAE], Pl. Nov. Herb. Hort. Then. 1: 161, t. 35 (1901). Type: Mozambique, Morrumbala, Luja 393b (BR, holo.!)
? Gladiolus hockii De Wild. [family ], in B.J.B.B. 3: 264 (1911). Type: Zaire, Shaba, valley of the Little Luembe, Hock (BR, holo.!)
Gladiolus luembensis De Wild. [family IRIDACEAE], in B.J.B.B. 3: 264 (1911). Type: Zaire, Shaba, Luembe valley, Hock (BR, holo.!)
Gladiolus garuanus Vaupel [family IRIDACEAE], in E.J. 48: 541 (1913). Type: Cameroon, Garua, Ledermann 4475 (B, holo.!, K, photo.)
Gladiolus calothyrsus Vaupel [family IRIDACEAE], in E.J. 48: 537 (1913). Type: Tanzania, Kilosa District, between Gogoi and Mundo, Busse 172 (B, holo.!, K, photo.)
Gladiolus gallaensis Vaupel [family IRIDACEAE], in E.J. 48: 533 (1913). Type: Ethiopia, Arussi, Galla highlands, Abinas Mts., Ellenbeck 1338 (B, holo.!, K, photo.)
Gladiolus boehmii Vaupel [family IRIDACEAE], in N.B.G.B. 7: 377 (1920). Type: Tanzania, Tabora District, near Igonda [Gonda], Böhm 60 (B, holo.!, K, photo., Z, iso.!)
Gladiolus coccineus L. Bolus [family IRIDACEAE], in S. Afr. Gard. 18: 213 (1928). Type: Zimbabwe, Paulington, cult. Hort. Kirstenbosch, Stokes (BOL, holo.!, K, iso.!)
Gladiolus louwii L. Bolus [family IRIDACEAE], in J.B. 67: 132 (1929). Type: Kenya, without precise locality, cultivated at Cape Town, Louw (BOL, holo.!)
Gladiolus barnardii G.J. Lewis [family IRIDACEAE], in S. Afr. Gard. 22: 204 (1932). Type: Zimbabwe, near Harare, cult. Cape Town, Barnard (BOL, holo.!)
Gladiolus caffensis Cufod. [family IRIDACEAE], in Sitz. Akad. Wien, Math.-Nat. 1, Abth. 1: 471 (1947); E.P.A.: 1590 (1972). Type: Ethiopia, Kaffa, Bieber (WU, holo.)
Information
Plants (50-)70-200 cm. high. Corm 2-3 cm. in diameter. Leaves contemporary with the flowers, 4-6(-7), at least the lower 2 basal or nearly so, narrowly lanceolate to ± linear, (5-)10-20(-30) mm. wide, ± 1/2 as long as the spike, firm textured with moderately raised and thickened midrib and margins, the upper 1-2 leaves cauline, usually imbricate, sheathing for at least 1/2 their length and often entirely. spike (2-)3-7(-10)-flowered; bracts (3.5-)4-7 cm. long. Flowers with the tube 3.5-4.5 cm. long, dorsal tepal (3.5-)4-5 cm. long. Filaments 2.5-3 cm. long, exserted 1.5-2 cm.; anthers 1.2-1.6 cm. long. Fig. 16.1.
Range
DISTR. U 1-4; K 1-7; T 1-8; widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal to South Africa
Altitude range
300-3600 m.
Distribution
UGANDA Acholi/Bunyoro District Kabalega [Murchison Falls] National Park, 12 June 1957, Buechner 64!;KENYA Northern Frontier Province Moyale, escarpment edge, 8 July 1952, Gillett 13545!;TANZANIA Arusha District Arusha [Ngurdoto] National Park, 6 June 1965, Greenway & Kanuri 11905!;UGANDA Mengo District Kyagwe [Chagwe], Mabira Forest, Ussher 6!KENYA Naivasha District Aberdare Mts., Kinangop, 26 Oct. 1934, G. Taylor 1259!;KENYA Kericho District Sotik, 16 June 1953, Verdcourt 983!;KENYA Nakuru District Eastern Mau Forest Reserve, 9 Sept. 1949, Maas Geesteranus 6209!TANZANIA Lushoto District 6 km. NE. Korogwe, flats by the Lwengera R., 27 June 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 3066!;TANZANIA Morogoro District Uluguru Mts., Lukwangule, 19 Feb. 1933, Schlieben 3485!;TANZANIA Songea District Matengo Hills, Lupembe Hill, 10 Jan. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 8096!
Notes
Additional synonyms for G. dalenii based on plants from South Africa including G. dracocephalus Hook.f. and many more, are cited by G.J. Lewis et al. (1972).

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