Compilation
Euclea rufescens

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Name

Identification
Euclea rufescens E. Mey. [family EBENACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by E. H. F. Meyer,
Related name
  • Euclea ovata
  • Euclea crispa
  • Euclea rufescens

Flora

Entry for EUCLEA lanceolata E. Meyer ex Drège [family EBENACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Capensis
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora Capensis, Vol 4, page 444, (1909) Author: By W. P. HIERN.
Names
EUCLEA lanceolata E. Meyer ex Drège [family EBENACEAE], Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr. 7;—Drège, Cat. Südafr. Pfl. 9, and Zwei Pfl. Documente, 48, 124, 131, 134, 142, 145, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 218; Hiern in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc. xii. 97, and in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. 512, and Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 648; Parmentier in Ann. Univ. Lyon, vi. fasc. ii. 77; Krauss in Flora, 1844, 824; Sim, Sketch Fl. Kaffraria, 54.
EUCLEA Desertorum Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Drège [family EBENACEAE], in Linnæa, xx. 192.
EUCLEA humilis Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Drège [family EBENACEAE], in Linnæa, xx. 192.
EUCLEA rufescens Drège [family EBENACEAE], Zwei Pfl. Documente, 62, not 57, nor 130.
EUCLEA ovata Alph. DC. var. glabra [family EBENACEAE], Prodr. viii. 218.
EUCLEA ochrocarpa E. Meyer ex Drège [family EBENACEAE], Zwei Pfl. Documente, 70, 184; Alph. DC. Prodr. viii. 217.
EUCLEA lanceolata Alph. DC. var. β. glabrescens [family EBENACEAE], Prodr. viii. 218.
Information
an evergreen shrub, 1 ft. high and upwards, or a tree reaching 20–25 ft., with a trunk 10–15 in. in diam.; branches rigid, opposite or alternate, or occasionally ternate or quaternate, sometimes virgate or tortuous, or rarely thorny, pubescent or glabrescent or lepidote, sometimes resinous, leafy; leaves opposite or alternate, lanceolate or ovate or narrowly oval, obtuse or subacute at the apex, obtuse or narrowed at the base, pubescent or glabrous and glossy, often lepidote when young, coriaceous, wavy or nearly flat, entire, sometimes glaucescent, usually paler beneath, 1–3 in. long, 1/10–1 1/10 in. broad, occasionally smaller, those near the base of the stem sometimes two or three times broader than the upper; petiole 1/15– 1/5 in. long; cymes axillary, racemose; bracts small or foliaceous; flowers diœcious, white, or whitish-reddish or yellowish. Male racemes 1/4–1 in. long, 3–10-flowered; pedicels 1/10– 3/10 in. long; flowers tetramerous or occasionally pentamerous, 1/8– 1/6 in. long; calyx broadly campanulate, cleft about half-way down, 1/25– 1/15 in. long; lobes deltoid; corolla campanulate, deeply cleft, somewhat pubescent outside, 1/10– 3/20 in. long; lobes rather spreading, ovate or oval; stamens usually about 16, rarely 8–10, inserted mostly in pairs at or near the base of the corolla, 1/12– 1/9 in. long; filaments glabrous, 1/48– 1/16 in. long; anthers lanceolate, pilose towards the apex, turgid, 1/16– 1/20 in. long; ovary rudimentary, hirsute; styles 2, glabrous. Female racemes 1/4– 1/3 in. long, 3–7-flowered; pedicels 1/20– 1/15 in. long; flowers tetramerous or pentamerous, whitish-reddish or whitish, about 1/6 in. long; pedicels 1/20– 1/15 in. long, the lateral opposite; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, shortly pubescent, about 1/10 in. long; calyx cleft about half-way down, 1/20 in. long, not accrescent, pubescent; lobes deltoid; corolla deeply cleft; staminodes 0; ovary subglobose, clothed with short erect hairs, 4-celled; styles 2, glabrous; fruit pisiform, pubescent or glabrate, reddish or dark-purple or yellowish, edible, 1-celled, 1/5– 1/4 in. in diam., or rather larger; seed solitary, globose; testa intruded some distance into the albumen, blackish. null
Range
It occurs also in Tropical Africa.
Distribution
CENTRAL REGION 2000–5000 ft.: Calvinia Div.; between Grasberg River and Waterval River, Drège! Somerset Div.; Bruintjes Hoogte, MacOwan, 1740! near the Brak River, Krauss, 1796. Beaufort West Div.; Nieuwveld, near Beaufort West, Drège.COAST REGION 200–4000 ft.: Knysna Div.; Ruigte Valley, Drège, near the west end of Groene Valley, Burchell, 5648! Uniondale Div.; Long Kloof, Burchell, 4938! Ecklon & Zeyher! Humansdorp Div.; near Kromme River, Burchell, 4880! Uitenhage Div.; Addo, Drège! between Enon and the Zuurberg Range, Drège! Van Stadens Mountains, Zeyher, 575! 690! MacOwan, 1931! Zeyher, 3357! between the Coega and Zwartkops Rivers, Zeyher, 3359! hills between the Zwartkops and Sunday Rivers, Zeyher, 1125! Albany Div.; Assegai Bosch, Baur, 1094! Bothas Berg, MacOwan, 902! and without precise locality, Williamson! Queenstown Div.; mountain at Bowkers Park, Galpin, 2567! hills near Klipplaat River, Drège. King Williamstown Div.; between Buffalo River and Yellowwood River, Drège! Perie Bush, Hutchins in Herb. Scott-Elliot, 948!EASTERN REGION Transkei; near Gekau (Geua) River, Drège! Kreilis Country, Bowker, 324! Natal; Inanda, Wood, 394! Umhlanga, Wood, 1416! by the Tugela River, Gerrard, 1155! 1605! Mooi River, Gerrard, 1156! Nonoti River, Gerrard, 33! and without precise locality, Gerrard, 528!KALAHARI REGION Basutoland; Cooper, 3464! 3481! Transvaal; Magalies Berg, Burke, 379! Zeyher, 1123! near Middelburg, Wilms, 218! Aapies Poort, Pretoria, Rehmann, 4210! 4214! 4216! Bosch Veld, Menaars Farm, Rehmann, 4857! near Johannesburg, Rand, 1107!SOUTH AFRICA without locality, Masson! Mund! Bowie! Zeyher, 3355!
Notes
Sim, Fl. Kaffr. 54, marks this species as a forest tree reserved by Government, and as a plant of known or reputed medicinal value. He quotes, as Dutch and Kaffir names for it, “Bosch quarre,” “umGwali,” “i-yezalokuxaxazisa.” It is called “Omgwali” by the Kaffirs (Dr. Pappe). The wood is dark in colour and heavy, and is used for yokes, triggers, &c. This is a very variable species, and in some cases is difficult to distinguish from E. ovata, Burch.

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