Compilation
Echinochloa subverticillata

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Name

Identification
Echinochloa subverticillata Pilg. [family GRAMINEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Not on sheet.,
Related name
  • Echinochloa crus-galli
  • Echinochloa subverticillata

Flora

Entry for ECHINOCHLOA crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. [family POACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 451, (1982) Author: W. D. CLAYTON and S.A. RENVOIZE
Names
ECHINOCHLOA crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. [family POACEAE], Ess. Agrost.: 53, 161 (1812); F.T.A. 9: 610 (1920). Type: Europe (typification undecided)
Panicum crus-galli L. [family POACEAE], Sp. Pl.: 56 (1753)
Echinochloa subverticillata Pilg. [family POACEAE], in N.B.G.B. 15: 451 (1941). Type: Namibia, Tsumeb, Dinter 2490 (B, holo.!)
Echinochloa glabrescens Kossenko [family POACEAE], in Bot. Mat. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarov 11: 40 (1949). Type: India, Rottler in Wallich 8687B (K, holo.!)
Information
Coarse annual; culms 25–100 cm. high, erect or spreading. Leaf-blades 7–35 cm. long, 4–20 mm. wide; ligule absent; sheaths glabrous, rarely appressed hairy. Inflorescence linear to ovate, 6–22 cm. long, the racemes untidily 2–several-rowed, the longest 2–10 cm. long usually with short secondary branchlets at the base. Spikelets ovate-elliptic, mostly 3–4 mm. long, hispid; lower floret barren, acuminate or with an awn up to 5 cm. long; upper lemma 2–3 mm. long, including the short herbaceous tip.
Range
DISTR. U4; T6 warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world, extending into the tropics (but scarcely so in Africa)
Altitude range
500–1300 m.
Distribution
TANZANIA Morogoro, 10 May 1957, Wingfield 3137!UGANDA Mengo District Kampala Plantation, 8 Nov. 1935, Chandler 1461!
Notes
E. crus-galli is distinguished by its untidy racemes of acuminate or awned spikelets. It is a polymorphic weed of warm temperate and subtropical regions, whose numerous intergrading races are apparently the consequence of cleistogamous self-pollination. There is much uncertainty as to which segregates are worth recognising as species (see, for example, Gould, Fairbrothers & Ali in Amer. Midi. Nat. 87: 36–59 (1972) for N. America; and Vickery in Flora New South Wales, Gram.: 189–211 (1975) for Australia).The specimens cited are unusual in that the lower lemma is indurated. Such specimens are found occasionally among populations of E. crus-galli (notably in India), and have been separated as E. glabrescens. E. oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch is a close relative of E. crus-galli adapted to life as a weed of rice fields, but not yet found in East Africa. It has simple racemes, spikelets 3.8–6.5 mm. long and upper lemma 3.5–5 mm. long.

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