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Compilation
Desmodium purpureum

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Filed as Hedysarum tortuosum Sw. [family FABACEAE]
Type of Hedysarum purpureum Buch.-Ham. [family LEGUMINOSAE]
Desmodium pulcherrimum Shuttlew. ex Griseb. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE]
Type of Hedysarum purpureum Roxb. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONACEAE]
Type of Hedysarum purpureum Mill. [family LEGUMINOSAE]
Type of Hedysarum purpureum Mill. [family LEGUMINOSAE]
Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC. var. strigosum Meeuwen [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE]
Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC. var. strigosum Meeuwen [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE]
Type of Hedysarum purpureum Roxb. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONACEAE]
Type of Hedysarum tortuosum Sw. [family FABACEAE]
Filed as Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. [family FABACEAE]
Type of Desmodium purpureum Hook. & Arn. [family LEGUMINOSAE]
Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC. var. strigosum Meeuwen [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE]
Filed as Hedysarum tortuosum Sw. [family FABACEAE]
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Name

Identification
Hedysarum tortuosum Sw. [family FABACEAE ] (stored under name); Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. [family FABACEAE ] Desmodium purpureum (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle [family FABACEAE ] Verified by W. Fawcett,
Related name
  • Hedysarum tortuosum
  • Desmodium purpureum
  • Desmodium heterocarpon
  • Desmodium tortuosom
  • Desmodium tortuosum

Flora

Entry for DESMODIUM tortuosum (Sw.) DC. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1971) Author: J. B. GILLETT, R. M. POLHILL & B. VERDCOURT
Names
DESMODIUM tortuosum (Sw.) DC. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], Prodr. 2: 332 (1825); Schubert in F.C.B. 5: 202 (1954); Hepper in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 585 (1958); F.P.U.: 82, fig. 32 (1962). Type: Jamaica, Swartz (S, holo.!, B [ Herb. Willd. 13803] iso., fide Schindler, GH, photo.!)
Hedysarum purpureum Mill. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], Gard. Diet., ed. 8, Hedysarum No. 6 (1768). Type: Vera Cruz, 1730, Houstoun (BM, holo.!, GH, photo. !)
Hedysarum tortuosum Sw. [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 107 (1788) & Fl. Ind. Occ. 3: 1271 (1806)
Meibomia tortuosa (Sw.) Kuntze [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 198 (1891)
Meibomia purpurea (Mill.) Vail [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], in Small, Fl. SE. U.S.: 639 (1903)
Desmodium purpureum (Mill.) Fawcett & Rendle [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], Fl. Jam. 4: 36 (1920), non Hook. & Arn. (1832), nom. illegit.
Desmodium spirale [family LEGUMINOSAE-PAPILIONOIDEAE], [sensu Bak. f., L.T.A.: 331 (1929), non (Sw.) DC]
Information
Herbaceous from a woody base, or frutescent, up to ± 1 m. tall, branching from the base; stem terete, striate, uncinulate-pubescent and somewhat pilose. Leaves 3-foliolate (or rarely some 1-foliolate); stipules obliquely ovate-attenuate, 3–12.5 mm. long, 1–7 mm. wide, striate, ciliate, puberulent on outer surface, becoming glabrous, long-persistent, often reflexed; petioles pubescent as stem, 0.5–5 cm. long; rhachis similar, 0.3–2 cm. long; leaflets elliptic to ovate, mostly obtuse at apex, cuneate at base, with prominently reticulate venation, sparsely to moderately uncinulate-puberulent and pilose on both surfaces, ciliate, the terminal 2–8 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, the lateral similar but slightly oblique, 1–5 cm. long, 0.5–2.8 cm. wide. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, racemose to racemose-paniculate; rhachis striate, uncinulate-puberulent, moderately to densely and finely glandular pilose, becoming less densely so in age; primary bracts, each subtending 2 or more pedicels, narrowly ovate-attenuate, 3–6.5 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, striate, minutely puberulent on abaxial surface; secondary bracts, each subtending 1 pedicel, similar, smaller, ± 2 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide; pedicels with pubescence similar to that of rhachis, rather stiff and ascending to spreading at maturity, 0.5–1.7 cm. long. Flowers red to mauve or green with red or mauve margins, or white or yellow. Calyx minutely puberulent and rather abundantly pilose throughout, teeth of both lobes somewhat ciliate; central tooth of lower lobe long attenuate, 3–4 mm. long, lateral teeth 2–3 mm. long, upper bifid lobe 2–3 mm. long. Standard obovate, slightly retuse at apex, gradually narrowed to base, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; wings obtusely oblong, auricled and shortly clawed, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; keel-petals obliquely oblong, broader above, clawed for ± one-third their length, 3–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. Fruit 5–7-articled, isthmi between the articles central; stipe 0.5–1 mm. long; articles mostly orbicular in outline, sometimes with margins alternately revolute and so appearing rhomboidal, 3–5 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, uncinulate-pubescent throughout. Seed ± reniform, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide.
Range
DISTR. U4; T1–4, 6, 8 throughout tropical and subtropical areas of America; introduced and naturalized throughout the tropics of the Old World
Altitude range
up to 1100 m.
Distribution
TANGANYIKA Pangani District Mwera, Mikinguni, 8 Feb. 1956, Tanner 2594!TANGANYIKA Tabora District Unyanyembe–Tabora, 20 Jan. 1926, Peter 35182 !TANGANYIKA Songea District Peramiho, 2 Jan. 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 8104 ! & about 1 km. S. of R. Ruvuma just SW. of Songea, 2 May 1956, Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9974 !UGANDA Entebbe, Sept. 1922, Maitland 145 ! & Apr. 1935, Chandler 1176 !
Notes
Desmodium tortuosum is known as Florida beggar weed in the south-eastern United States where it is cultivated commercially and used as a green manure. It is also cultivated at least experimentally in much of Central and South America, in various stations in Africa (including Kitale in Kenya), and in the Pacific area. D. procumbens (Mill.) Hitchcock, based on a Jamaican plant collected in 1730 by Houstoun (BM, holo. !), is inserted in the key because of its relationship to Desmodium tortuosum and to D. ospriostreblum. It has also entered much African literature as D. spirale DC., one of its synonyms, but in most cases the references were based on misidentifications. The enlarged or flattened terminal article of the fruit is the only character which distinguishes D. ospriostreblum from D. procumbens. The value of this character for maintaining a taxon as a distinct species is questionable; however, because of the small number of collections and the lack of information concerning their origin no change in the rank of D. ospriostreblum is being made now. It may later be considered in some lower category as a member of the Desmodium procumbens complex.

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