Compilation
Cyphostemma digitatum

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Name

Identification
Cyphostemma digitatum (Forssk.) Desc. [family VITACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Data not digitized, Cissus macrothyrsa Gilg [family VITACEAE ] Verified by Data not digitized,
Related name
  • Cissus phyllomicron
  • Cyphostemma digitatum
  • Cissus somaliensis
  • Cissus dysocarpa
  • Cissus macrothyrsa

Flora

Entry for CYPHOSTEMMA digitatum (Lam.) Descoings [family VITACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Somalia
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora Somalia, Vol 2, (1999) Author: by M. Thulin [updated by M. Thulin 2008]
Names
CYPHOSTEMMA digitatum (Lam.) Descoings [family VITACEAE], (1967);
Cissus digitata Lam. [family VITACEAE], (1791). Plate 3 D. [type as above]
Cissus cyphopetala Fresen. [family VITACEAE], (1837);
Cyphostemma cyphopetalum (Fresen.) Wild & Drummond [family VITACEAE], (1966). [type as above]
Cissus macrothyrsa Gilg [family VITACEAE], (1905);
Cyphostemma macrothyrsum (Gilg) Descoings [family VITACEAE], (1967). [type as above]
Cissus bryophyllum Mattei [family VITACEAE], (1908);. type: S2, Mogadishu, Macaluso 102 (PAL holo., not found).
Cissus engleri Gilg [family VITACEAE], (1912);
Cyphostemma engleri (Gilg) Descoings [family VITACEAE], (1967). [type as above]
Cissus dysocarpa Gilg & Brandt [family VITACEAE], (1912);
Cyphostemma dysocarpum (Gilg & Brandt) Descoings [family VITACEAE], (1967). [type as above]
Cissus phyllomicron Chiov. [family VITACEAE], (1929);. type: C1, between “Bilhelli” and “Ilbelha”, Puccioni & Stefanini 525 (FT holo.).
Cyphostemma phyllomicron (Chiov.) Descoings [family VITACEAE], (1967);. type: C1, between “Bilhelli” and “Ilbelha”, Puccioni & Stefanini 525 (FT holo.).
Cissus phyllomicron Chiov. forma eglandulosa [family VITACEAE], in Fl. Somala 1: 130 (1929);. type C1, between “Adani” and “Uarandi”, Puccioni & Stefanini 500 (FT holo.).
Cissus dysocarpa Chiov. var. gymnocarpa [family VITACEAE], in Fl. Somala 1: 129 (1929);. type: C2, “Ted” near “Uddur”, Puccioni & Stefanini 266 (FT holo.).
Information
Climbing, scrambling or trailing plant up to 4 m or more long, young stems herbaceous, pubescent to subglabrous and often with few to numerous short stalked glands, sometimes sticky; older stems sometimes woody with dark grey to reddish brown eventually flaking bark. Leaves ± fleshy, 3–5-foliolate, pubescent to subglabrous, sometimes with scattered glands particularly on petiole; petiole 0.3–7 cm long; leaflets obovate to elliptic or spathulate, 0.5–5(–15) x 0.4–3.5(–12) cm, cuneate to rounded at the base, broadly rounded to truncate or acute at the apex, with toothed margins. Flowers in 2–15(–30) cm long pubescent to subglabrous and often glandular inflorescences; peduncle 1–10(–22) cm long; pedicels 2–6 mm long elongating to 11 mm in fruit. Buds 2–3 mm long, pubescent and sometimes glandular. Fruits ellipsoid to subglobose, 7–14 x 4–9 mm, red, puberulous to subglabrous and sometimes glandular. Seed ellipsoid to subglobose, 4–10 x 3–6 mm, rugulose, dorsal ridges ± evident, the sides with transverse ± marked ridges or almost smooth.
Range
N1–3; C1, 2; S1–3 widespread in tropical Africa
Altitude range
20–1550 m.
Distribution
SOMALIA Gillett 4422; Thulin, Abdi Dahir & Abdisalam Hassan 9004; Gillett, Hemming & Watson 21997.
Distribution (external)
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Arabia
Notes
Carmo (Som.). The name C. digitatum has previously almost exclusively been used for Arabian plants, but in Cuf. Enum.: 507 (1958) this species (as Cissus digitata) was said to occur also in Ethiopia and Somalia. Arabian C. digitatum apparently lacks stalked glands, whereas in tropical Africa everything from completely eglandular to densely glandular plants can be found. Vollesen in Fl. Eth. 3 (1990) and Verdcourt in Fl. Trop. E. Afr. (1993) divided the African material here included in C. digitatum into three principal taxa, the eglandular or sparsely glandular C. cyphopetalum, the more or less densely glandular C. dysocarpum, and C. engleri with woody old stems and no or few glands. In Somalia the most common and widespread form nearest agrees with C. engleri, but woody stems are often absent. Here belong, for example, one of the syntypes of Cissus somaliensis (see under C. ternatum), the types of C. phyllomicron and Cissus phyllomicron forma eglandulosa, the type of Cissus dysocarpa var. gymnocarpa, and probably the type of Cissus bryophyllum ( that Cissus bryophyllum is an older name than Cyphostemma engleri). C. bryophyllum has often incorrectly been cited as a synonym of C. ternatum. Densely glandular plants agreeing with C. dysocarpum are occasionally found in different parts of Somalia (e. g. Thulin & Warfa 5815 from N3). Eglandular or very sparsely glandular plants are rare in Somalia, but some examples are Gillett 4422 from N1 and SMP 191 and 205 from S1. C. digitatum has been reported to be used as a malaria preventive and curative in Somalia (SMP 191).

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