Compilation
Cynanchum viminale

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Name

Identification
Sarcostemma australe R.Br. [family APOCYNACEAE ] (stored under name); Cynanchum viminale (L.) Bassi [family ASCLEPIADACEAE ]
Related name
  • Euphorbia viminalis
  • Sarcostemma australe
  • Cynanchum formosum
  • Cynanchum viminale
  • Sarcostemma viminale
  • Sarcostemma andongense

Flora

Entry for SARCOSTEMMA viminale R. Br. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora Capensis
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora Capensis, Vol 4, page 518, (1909) Author: By N. E. BROWN.
Names
SARCOSTEMMA viminale R. Br. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 51;—Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ii. 76; Haw. Syn. Pl. Succ. 13; Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 113; Spreng. Syst. Veg. i. 853; E. Meyer, Comm. 220; Harv. Gen. S. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, 224; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 156; Dietr. Syn. Pl. ii. 907; Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 538; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 34; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 342; Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. ii. 251, fig. 73, N-O, and 256; Martelli, Fl. Bogos, 54; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 689; Penzig in Atti Congr. Bot. Internaz. 1892, 349; Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. Beibl. 45, 10, and xxi. Beibl. 54, 11; Journ. Bot. 1896, 458, and Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, xv. 69; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1902, 256; N. E. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. i. 384.
SARCOSTEMMA aphyllum R. Br. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. 51, partly; Hochst. ex Decne in DC. Prodr. viii. 538.
Euphorbia viminalis Linn. [family EUPHORBIACEAE], Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 452.
Cynanchum viminale Linn. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], Mant. ii. 392; Lam. Encycl. ii. 233; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, i. 301; Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1252, and Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 276.
Cynanchum aphyllum Linn. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], Syst. Nat. ed. 12, iii. 235.
Apocynum viminale Bassi [family APOCYNACEAE], in Comm. Bonon. ex Schultes, Syst. Veg. vi. 113.
Asclepias nuda Schumach. and Thonn. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], Beskr. Guin. Pl. 155.
Asclepias aphylla Thunb. [family ASCLEPIADACEAE], Prodr. 47, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schultes, 234 partly, as to two of the three specimens in his Herbarium.
Information
stems trailing or twining, or perhaps forming a bush, succulent, glabrous, becoming woody, and sometimes with a very thick corrugated corky bark when old; flowering branches 1–3 lin. thick, leafless or with minute ovate rudimentary leaves 1/2–1 lin. long; umbels lateral and terminal, sessile, many-flowered; pedicels 2 1/2–5 lin. long, minutely puberulous or subglabrous; sepals 1/2– 2/3 lin. long, ovate to suborbicular, acute or obtuse; corolla-lobes very spreading, 2–3 lin. long, 1–1 1/2 lin. broad, ovate-oblong, obtuse or acute, with reflexed margins, greenish-white or sulphur-coloured, glabrous on both sides; outer corona arising at or near the base of the staminal column, annular, pentagonal, 1/3– 2/3 lin. deep, truncate, enclosing the bases of the inner corona-lobes, which are 3/4–1 lin. long, adnate to the column at the lower part, free above, ovate, acute, compressed-keeled at the base, rounded from apex to base on the back, with the slightly incurved tips applied to the backs of the anthers, white; staminal column 1 1/4–1 1/3 lin. long; anther-appendages ovate, acute, adpressed to the sides of the conical style-apex, which is sometimes produced much beyond them in a subulate bifid point; follicles 2 1/3–4 1/2 in. long, 2–4 lin. thick, linear-fusiform to subterete, acute or acuminate, smooth, glabrous; seeds 1/4 in. long, 1/8 in. broad, ovate, plano-convex, narrowly margined, slightly denticulate or entire at the broad end, minutely tufted-puberulous on the convex side, nearly glabrous on the flat side, minutely ciliate, dull brown. null
Range
Also in Tropical Africa.
Distribution
CENTRAL REGION Prince Albert Div.; by the Gamka River, Burke! Graaff Reinet Div.; between Kruidfontein and Melk River, Burchell, 2949! near Graaff Reinet, Bolus, 420!COAST REGION Mossel Bay Div.; between Dwyker River and Gauritz River, Burchell, 6384! Honig Klip, Drège! hills near Mossel Bay, Penther, 829, and Knysna Div.; near the Keurboom River, Penther, 811 (ex Schlechter). Uitenhage Div.; by the Zwartkops River, Zeyher, 670! near Uitenhage, Prior! Addo, Drège! Bathurst Div.; near Port Alfred, Burchell, 4000! Albany Div.; near Grahamstown, Read in Herb. MacOwan! and without precise locality, Cooper, 1531! Atherstone, 4! 97! Queenstown Div.; near Shiloh, 3500–4000 ft., Baur, 1171!EASTERN REGION Natal; near Durban, Wood, 6416! Umzinyati Falls, Wood, 1302! Mooi River Thorns, 2000–3000 ft., Wood, 4338! and without precise locality Gerrard, 447! Delagoa Bay, Monteiro, 23!KALAHARI REGION Griqualand West; Lower Campbell, Burchell, 1823! Transvaal; Komati Poort, Kirk, 97! Potgeiters Rust, Burtt Davy, 2242! and without precise locality, Sanderson!SOUTH AFRICA without locality, Herb. Linnæus! Thunberg!WESTERN REGION Vanrhynsdorp Div.; north of Holl River, Zeyher, 1152!
Notes
Dr. Schlechter (in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. Beibl. 54, 11) refers S. tetrapterum, Turcz., to this plant. I have not seen Turczaninow's type, but according to his description it should rather belong to Cynanchum sarcostemmatoides, where I have referred it in this work. See under that species concerning Thunberg's localities.

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