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Compilation
Clausena impunctata

4 Images see all

Isotype of Clausena impunctata Welw. ex Hiern [family RUTACEAE]
Isotype of Clausena impunctata Welw. ex Hiern [family RUTACEAE]
Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. [family SIMAROUBACEAE]
Type of Clausena impunctata Welw. ex Hiern [family RUTACEAE]
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Name

Identification
Isotype of Clausena impunctata Welw. ex Hiern [family RUTACEAE ] Verified by Not on sheet, Harrisonia abyssinica Oliv. [family SIMAROUBACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Exell, A. W. & Mendonça, F. A.,
Related name
  • Harrisonia abyssinica
  • Clausena impunctata

Flora

Entry for HARRISONIA abyssinica Oliv. [family ]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2000) Author: Brian Stannard
Names
HARRISONIA abyssinica Oliv. [family ], in F.T.A. 1: 311 (1868) & in Trans. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 42, t. 18 (1872); Engl., P.O.A. C: 227 (1895) & V.E. 3(1): 775 (1915) & in E. & P.Pf., ed. 2, 19a: 382, fig. 177 (1931); Burtt Davy, Check- lists For. Trees & Shrubs Brit. Emp. 1, Uganda: 112 (1935); T.S.K.: 101 (1936); T.T.C.L.: 572 (1949); Exell & Mendonça, C.F.A. 1: 279 (1951); I.T.U., ed. 2: 409 (1952); E.P.A.: 374 (1956); Keay, F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 1: 690 (1958); G.C.C. Gilbert in F.C.B. 7: 120 (1958); Aubrév., Fl. For. Côte d’Ivoire, ed. 2, 2: 130, t. l75 (1959); K.T.S.: 535 (1961); F.F.N.R.: 172 (1962); Wild & J.B. Phipps in F.Z. 2: 218, t. 41 (1963); Wild, J.B. Phipps & Paiva in Fl. Moçamb. 38: 6 (1969); Vollesen in Opera Bot. 59: 57 (1980); Hamilton, Field Guide Uganda For. Trees: 207 (1981); Stannard in Fl. Eth. 3: 437, fig. 122.1 (1990); Koenders, Fl. Pemba I.: 47 (1992); K.T.S.L.: 375, fig. (1994). Type: Uganda, West Nile District, Madi, Speke & Grant 700 (K!, holo.)
HARRISONIA occidentalis Engl. [family ], in N.B.G.B. 1: 57 (1895) & in E. & P.Pf. III, 4: 218 (1896); F.W.T.A. 1: 485 (1928); Burtt Davy, Check-lists For. Trees & Shrubs Brit. Emp. 1, Uganda: 113 (1935); Aubrév., Fl. For. Côte d’Ivoire 2: 100, t. 167 (1936); I.T.U., ed. 2: 409 (1952). Type: Nigeria, “West Lagos”, Rowland (K!, holo.)
Clausena impunctata Hiern [family RUTACEAE], Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1: 117 (1896). Type: Angola, Cazengo, Luce R., near confluence with Luinha R., Welwitsch 1317 (K!, holo.)
Zanthoxylum guineense Stapf [family RUTACEAE], in H.H. Johnst., Liberia 2: 584 (1906). Lectotype, chosen here: Liberia, Harper [Cape Palmas], Ansell (K!, lecto.)
Harrisonia abyssinica Engl. forma grandifolia [family ], in E.J. 46: 284 (1911) & in E. & P.Pf., ed. 2, 19a: 382, fig. 177B (1931). Types: Tanzania, Uzaramo District, near Dar es Salaam, Mogo Forest Reserve [Sachsenwald], Stuhlmann (B†, syn.) & Rufiji District, N Ukutu [Khutu] Steppes, near Kirongwe [Kirengwe], Goetze 377 (B†, syn., K!, isosyn.) & 377a (B†, syn.) & Iringa District, Lofia [Lofio] R., Goetze 443 (B†, syn., K!, isosyn.)
Harrisonia abyssinica (Engl.) Engl. subsp. occidentalis [family ], in E.J. 46: 284 (1911); Z.A.E.: 427 (1912); Engl., V.E. 3(1): 775, fig. 364/c–j (1915) & in E. & P.Pf., ed. 2, 19a: 382, fig. 177/c–j (1931)
Harrisonia abyssinica Fiori var. somalensis [family ], in Chiov., Result. Sci. Miss. Stef.-Paoli, Coll. Bot.: 39 (1916); Chiov., Fl. Somala 2: 50 (1932). Type: Somalia, along the R. Schebelli [Uebi Scebeli] between Mahaddei Uen and Burbisciaaro, Paoli 1301 (FT, holo.)
Information
Small tree or shrub, often multi-stemmed, much branched and frequently scandent, 1–13 m tall; bark light brown to grey; trunk and larger branches often bearing thorns on short wart-like outgrowths; smaller branches armed or unarmed, glabrous to pubescent; thorns recurved, paired at base of leaves. Leaves alternate, usually imparipinnate, extremely variable in shape, size and indumentum, 2.5–25 cm long, pubescent to glabrous; petioles and rachis with wings from almost non-existent to 3 mm wide; lateral leaflets in 2–7 pairs, sessile or subsessile, elliptic, broadly obovate to almost round, 0.5–9 cm long, 0.3–4 cm wide, apex acute, rounded or acuminate, base narrowly or broadly cuneate to almost rounded, usually asymmetric, margins crenate-serrate to crenate (sometimes very few crenations) usually in top half only or less frequently entire. Inflorescence axillary and terminal, paniculate, 2–14 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent. Sepals triangular to ovate, united at base, 4–5(–6), ± 1 mm long, 0.75–1 mm wide, pubescent to glabrous inside, pubescent outside. Petals 4–5(–6), valvate, 2–5.5 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, 1–2 mm wide, glabrous or glabrescent inside, pubescent to glabrous outside. Stamens 8–10, 1.5–4 mm long, inserted at the base of a disc; filaments 0.75–3 mm long, filiform, glabrous with a pubescent scale 0.5–2 mm long, 0.3–1 mm wide attached at the base on the inside of the filament; anthers elliptic to oblong, 1–1.2 mm long, 0.3–0.7 mm wide. Disc inconspicuous, annular, 0.8–1 mm in diameter. Ovary globose, 4–5(–6)-lobed, 1–1.75 mm tall, 1.2–2 mm wide, 4–5-locular; styles united, 0.8–1 mm long; stigmas united to form a 4–5(–6)-lobed capitate stigma. Infructescence 2.5–11 cm long. Fruit a 4–8-lobed berry, depressed globose, 4–9 mm in diameter, red to black when ripe, glabrous, fleshy, with 4–8 seeds. Seeds 3.5–5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, smooth. Fig. 1.
Range
DISTR. U 1–4; K 1–7; T 1–8; Z; P ( fide Koenders) tropical West Africa
Altitude range
0–1550 m
Distribution
UGANDA Karamoja District Nabilatuk, Feb. 1936, Eggeling 2801!;KENYA West Suk District W Pokot, foot of escarpment, Mar. 1970, Tweedie 3793!;TANZANIA Musoma District 37 km Banagi–Grumeti boundary, 18 Oct. 1961, Greenway & Myles Turner 10279!;UGANDA Kigezi District Bwambara [Buambara], Feb. 1950, Purseglove 3270!;UGANDA Teso District 3 km E of Katakwi, 16 Feb. 1956, Harker 244!KENYA North Kavirondo District 1.5 km S of Webuye [Broderick Falls], 5 May 1971, Mabberley & Tweedie 1080!;KENYA Kwale District Shimba Hills, Mwandabara R., 30 Mar. 1973, Sangai in E.A. 15782!TANZANIA Lushoto District E Usambara Mts, Kisiwani, 25 May 1943, Greenway 6687!;TANZANIA Pangani District Madanga, Boza, 13 Nov. 1956, Tanner 3322!
Distribution (external)
Cameroon
Congo (Kinshasa)
Rwanda
Burundi
Sudan
Ethiopia
Somalia
Angola
Zambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Notes
In East Africa the habit and the shape, size and indumentum of the leaves vary enormously. Although plants from forest and forest edges tend to have larger leaves, the variation in the plants from the wide range of other habitats in East Africa is so extensive that no practical demarcation can be made. In West Africa the leaves are much more consistently large and according to F.W.T.A. the species is characteristic of areas marginal between forest and savanna.

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