Compilation
Cenchrus longifolius

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Name

Identification
Cenchrus longifolius Hochst. ex Steud. [family GRAMINEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Not on sheet.,
Related name
  • Pennisetum cenchroides
  • Cenchrus longifolius
  • Pennisetum ciliare
  • Cenchrus ciliaris

Flora

Entry for CENCHRUS ciliaris L. [family POACEAE]
Herbarium
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Collection
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 451, (1982) Author: W. D. CLAYTON and S.A. RENVOIZE
Names
CENCHRUS ciliaris L. [family POACEAE], Mant. Pl. Alt.: 302 (1771); F.T.A. 9: 1072 (1934); Fl. Agrost. Congo Belge 2: 330 (1934); Ann. list grasses Ug.: 8 (1947); Imp. Grassl. Pl. Kenya: 69 (1951); F.P.N.A. 3: 124 (1955); F.P.S. 3: 414 (1956); R.K.G.: 54 (1958); I.G.U.: 21 (1960); G.T.: 91 (1965); Ramaswamy, Raman & Menon in Journ. Ind. Bot. Soc. 48: 102–111 (1969); Clayton in F.W.T.A., ed. 2, 3: 464 (1972). Type: South Africa, Cape of Good Hope, Koenig (LINN, holo.!)
Pennisetum cenchroides Rich. [family POACEAE], in Pers., Syn. Pl. 1: 72 (1805), nom. superfl. Based on Cenchrus ciliaris L.
Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link [family POACEAE], Hort. Reg. Bot. Berol. 1:213 (1827). Type: Sudan, Kordofan, Figari (whereabouts uncertain, not FI)
Cenchrus ciliaris Fig. & De Not. var. nubicus [family POACEAE], in Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, 14: 383, fig. 35 (1854). Type: Sudan, Kordofan, Figari (whereabouts uncertain, not FI)
CENCHRUS ciliaris Fig. & De Not. var. villiferus [family POACEAE], in Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, 14: 384 (1854). Type: Sudan, Nile, Figari (whereabouts uncertain, not FI)
CENCHRUS longifolius Steud. [family POACEAE], Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 109 (1854). Type: Sudan, Arashkol [Arasch-Cool], Schimper 190 (K, iso.!)
Pennisetum polycladum Chiov. [family POACEAE], in Ann. 1st. Bot. Roma 6: 167, fig. 10 (1896). Type: Somalia, Habr-Aual, Robecchi-Bricchetti 569 (FI, holo.!)
Pennisetum ciliare Chiov. var. anachoreticum [family POACEAE], in Ann. 1st. Bot. Roma 7: 66 (1897). Types: Ethiopia, Ogaden, Riva 307 & 312 (both FI, syn.!)
Pennisetum ciliare Leeke var. pallens [family POACEAE], in Zeitschr. Naturwiss. 79: 22 (1907). Types: Sudan, Arashkol [Arasch-Cool], Schimper 190 (W, syn.!, K, isosyn.!) & several other syntypes Cenchrus ciliaris L. var. anachoreticus (Chiov.) Pirotta in Ann. 1st. Bot. Roma 8: 325 (1908)
Pennisetum rangei Mez [family POACEAE], in E.J. 57: 190 (1921). Type: Namibia, Range 438 (whereabouts uncertain, not B)
Pennisetum oxyphyllum Peter [family POACEAE], F.D.O.-A. 1, Anh.: 72, fig. 38 (1930); F.T.A. 9: 1068 (1934). Type: Tanzania, Kondoa, Peter 46831 (B, holo.†)
Cenchrus ciliaris (Leeke) Maire & Weiller var. pallens [family POACEAE], FI. Afr. Nord 1: 342 (1952)
Information
Perennial, often forming mats or tussocks; culms 10–150 cm., ascending, wiry or sometimes almost woody. Leaf-blades 3–25 cm. long, 2–13 mm. wide. Panicle cylindrical to ovoid, 2–14 cm. long, 10–26 mm. wide, grey, purple or straw-coloured, the rhachis angular and puberulous; involucre elongate, 6–16 mm. long; inner bristles much exceeding the spikelets, one of them longer and stouter than the rest, at least the longest somewhat flattened at the base, connate only at the base to form a disc 0.5–1.5 mm. in diameter (or sometimes connate for up to 0.5 mm. above the disc’s rim), sparsely or densely ciliate below, grooved on the face or not, filiform above, flexuous, often wavy, antrorsely scaberulous; outer bristles filiform. Spikelets 1–4 per burr, 2–5.5 mm. long, acutely lanceolate; glumes distinct, acute, the lower from 1/4–1/2, the upper from 1/2 to as long as the spikelet.
Range
DISTR. U1, 2; K1–7; T1–8; Z throughout Africa, extending through Arabia and the Middle East to India; widely introduced elsewhere in the Old World.
Altitude range
0–2000 m.
Distribution
KENYA Northern Frontier Province Dandu, 2 May 1952, Gillett 12999! & 64 km. S. of Marsabit, 25 Mar. 1959, Bogdan 4794!KENYA Teita District Tsavo National Park East, Voi Gate camp site, 1 Dec. 1966, Greenway 12631!TANZANIA Mbulu District Lake Manyara Game Reserve, 20 Jan. 1959, Vesey-FitzGerald 2114!TANZANIA Lushoto District 8 km. S.E. of Mkomazi, 1 May 1953, Drummond & Hemsley 2323!TANZANIA Iringa District Msembe-Kimitamatonge Hill track, 4 Mar. 1970, Greenway & Kanuri 14011!TANZANIA Zanzibar I., Fumba, 19 Mar. 1964, Faulkner 3365!UGANDA Karamoja District near Moroto, 6 Mar. 1936, Michelmore 1262! & Napianyenya at base of Mt. Debasien, Jan. 1936, Eggeling 2531!UGANDA Toro District Muhokya, 10 Sept. 1941, A.S. Thomas 3947!
Notes
C. ciliaris appears to be closely related to Pennisetum massaicum.

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