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Compilation
Amaranthus cruentus

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Type of Amaranthus flavus L. var. ovalifolius Moq. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. cruentus Lambinon [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. patulus (Bertol.) Lambinon [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. cruentus [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Type of Amaranthus paniculatus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Type of Amaranthus paniculatus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. cruentus [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. patulus (Bertol.) Lambinon [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Type of Amaranthus retroflexus L. var. bullatus Moq. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Lectotype of Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Type of Amaranthus paniculatus L. var. longespicatus Moq. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus caudatus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Lectotype of Amaranthus paniculatus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. var. patulus (Bertol.) Lambinon [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Filed as Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE]
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Name

Identification
Amaranthus paniculatus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE ] Amaranthus cruentus L. [family AMARANTHACEAE ] (stored under name); Verified by Andrias (Andries, Andrew) Kanis,
Related name
  • Amaranthus hybridus
  • Amaranthus caudatus
  • Amaranthus not on sheet
  • Amaranthus paniculatus
  • Amaranthus cruentus
Common name
  • Blood amaranth, Flora of North America Vol. 4
  • purple amaranth, Flora of North America Vol. 4
  • caterpillar amaranth, Flora of North America Vol. 4

Flora

Entry for Amaranthus cruentus Linnaeus [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Herbarium
Flora of North America (FNA)
Collection
Flora of North America
Resource Type
Reference Sources
Entry From
Flora of North America, Vol 4,
Names
Amaranthus cruentus Linnaeus [family AMARANTHACEAE], Syst. Nat. ed., 10, 2: 1269. 1759
Amaranthus hybridus Linnaeus subsp. cruentus (Linnaeus) Thellung [family AMARANTHACEAE]
Treatment Author(s)
Sergei L. Mosyakin
Kenneth R. Robertson
Information
Plants almost glabrous or slightly pubescent distally, especially when young. Stems erect, green or reddish purple, branched distally, mostly in inflorescence, to nearly simple, 0.4–2 m. Leaves: petiole 1/2 as long as to ± equaling blade; blade rhombic-ovate or ovate to broadly lanceolate, 3–15(–20) × 1.5–10(–15) cm, occasionally larger in robust plants, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margins entire, plane, apex acute or subobtuse to slightly emarginate, with mucro. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, erect, reflexed, or nodding, usually dark red, purple, or deep beet-red, less commonly almost green or greenish red, leafless at least distally, large and robust. Bracts narrowly spathulate, 2–3 mm, equaling or slightly longer than tepals, apex short-spinescent. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, oblong to lanceolate, not clawed, equal or subequal, 1.5–3 mm, apex acute; style branches erect or slightly reflexed; stigmas 3. Staminate flowers at tips of inflorescences; tepals 5; stamens (4–)5. Utricles obovoid to elongate-obovoid, 2–2.5 mm, smooth or slightly rugose distally, dehiscence regularly circumscissile. Seeds usually white or ivory, with reddish or yellowish tint, sometimes dark brown to dark reddish brown, broadly lenticular to elliptic-lenticular, 1.2–1.6 mm diam., smooth or indistinctly punctate.
Phenology
jun-aug (summer), sep-nov (fall)
Distribution
Central AmericaSouth Americacultivated widely.USA Ariz.USA Calif.USA Conn.USA Ill.USA Ind.USA Ky.USA MaineUSA Md.USA Mass.USA Mich.USA Nebr.USA N.H.USA N.J.USA N.Y.USA N.C.USA OhioUSA Oreg.USA Pa.USA R.I.USA S.C.USA Tex.USA UtahUSA Vt.USA Wash.USA W.Va.USA Wis.
Discussion
Amaranthus cruentus is cultivated as ornamental and pseudocereal almost worldwide from tropical to warm-temperate regions. While reported as naturalized in several states, most specimens identified as this species are referable to A. hybridus or other native species. Escaped plants of A. cruentus sometimes occur near places of cultivation (see note under A. caudatus). No attempt has been made to summarize distribution data for such escapes.
Amaranthus cruentus originated from A. hybridus (most probably in cultivation in Central America), with which it shares almost all major morphologic characteristics. Inclusion of cultivated forms in A. hybridus in a broad sense is thus rather justified. Cultivated species traditionally have been treated as separate taxa in horticultural and agricultural literature, and we prefer to maintain the current convenient usage of these names.

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