Flora of Tropical East Africa
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Grammitis synsora (Baker) Copel. [family GRAMMITIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2005) Author: B. S. Parris
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
T 6
Rhizome short-creeping to long-creeping, branched, stipes 1– 8 mm apart in each row; scales lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, dark brown to blackish, glabrous, clathrate, cells in centre of scales 1– 2×longer than wide. Stipes 2– 7 mm long, with whitish to pale red-brown simple eglandular hairs (0.2– 1 mm long). Lamina narrowly oblanceolate, 18– 29 mm long, 3– 5 mm wide, obtuse at apex, long-attenuate at base, sometimes glabrous, usually with whitish simple eglandular hairs 0.4– 1 mm long on abaxial surface of lamina in soral area; lateral veins simple, each vein-ending marked by a round to slightly elongate hydathode on adaxial surface of lamina, free. Sori in apical 1/5 to 1/2 of lamina, 1– 8 in each row. Fig. 1/5– 1/6.
ELEPHANTOPUS senegalensis (Klatt) Oliv. & Hiern [family COMPOSITAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, Part 1, page 1, (2000) Author: H. J. Beentje, M.Sc., Ph.D., F.L.S.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 2, 3 W and central tropical Africa from Senegal to Angola and Congo (Kinshasa)
Herb 17–100 cm tall; rootstock small, woody; stems finely ascending-pubescent, leafy. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 6–15 cm long, 0.8–1.5 cm wide, sessile with sheathing base, subentire, acute, finely pilose and scabridulous. Glomerules solitary (rarely in pairs or 3) and terminal, 3–3.5 cm in diameter, surrounded by numerous bracts resembling reduced leaves, the bracts to 3 cm long; involucre 10–13 mm long, with 3–4 florets; phyllaries lanceolate, 7.5–9.2 mm long. Corolla white or white with slight pink tinge, 8.5–10 mm long, lobes 1.5–1.7 mm long. Achenes 3–4 mm long, setulose; pappus straw-coloured, 6–8.5 mm long.
Pseudosopubia
PSEUDOSOPUBIA Engl. [family SCROPHULARIACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: S.A. GHAZANFAR, F.N. HEPPER & D. PHILCOX
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A small genus of 3 or 4 species, endemic to tropical East and NE Africa.
Perennial herbs or undershrubs, erect, trailing or ascending, branched or not, glabrous to scabrid or strigose. Leaves opposite. Inflorescence terminal, racemose; flowers solitary, axillary, bracteate, pedicellate or not, 2-bracteolate. Calyx tubular to campanulate, 5-lobed; lobes valvate, ± equal. Corolla tube short, expanding and inflated above; limb oblique, 2-lipped; the lower lip overlapping the upper in bud, 3-lobed; the upper lip obovate, shortly bilobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, upper pair of anthers without appendage, lower pair with connective, the upper branch of which bearing one anther, the lower curving upwards and ending in a rounded appendage; anthers monothecal, dehiscing by an apical pore. Ovary 2-locular. Capsule 2-valved. Seeds numerous, angular, pitted.
DIOSPYROS bipindensis Gürke [family EBENACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1996) Author: F. White and B. Verdcourt
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 2;
Tree 8-20 m. tall, but sometimes flowering when a shrub 2.5-3 m. tall (Eggeling states shrub 3-4.5 m.); bole shallowly fluted; bark dark brown or blackish, very hard, appearing smooth but with shallow anastomosing longitudinal fissures; slash yellow; branchlets often with ellipsoidal or subglobose thickenings (?galls). Leaves drying grey-green or greenish brown above, darker beneath, elliptic-oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, 10-15(-26) cm. long, 2.5-6(-10) cm. wide, caudate-acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, glabrous, chartaceous; lateral nerves in 5-9 pairs, slightly impressed above, prominent beneath, anastomosing and curving very distinctly 0.5-1 cm. from the margin; petiole 0.5-1 cm. long. Male flowers strongly scented, 2-5 in contracted cymes, axillary or borne on the branches; peduncle 1 mm. long; pedicels 1 mm. long; calyx cyathiform, 6-8 mm. long; calyx-lobes 4, narrowly triangular, 3-4 mm. long, very shortly strigulose and with sparse black hairs on both faces; corolla yellowish cream, hypocrateriform, 1.6 cm. long, glabrous; corolla-tube 7 mm. long; corolla-lobes 4, elliptic, 9 mm. long, 6 mm. wide; stamens 20 in 2 rows, 4-5 mm. long, included; filaments partially joined to the tube, very shortly setulose; anthers lanceolate, apiculate, glabrous save at base; rudimentary ovary minute, glabrous. Female flowers axillary or borne on the branches, usually solitary; pedicel 2 mm. long; calyx larger than in male, 1 cm. long, lobed almost to the base, the lobes broadly triangular-ovate, subacuminate; corolla as in the male; staminodes 8; ovary ovoid-conical, 4 mm. tall, 2.5 mm. wide, glabrous, with 8-10 uniovulate locules; styles 4, slender, ± as long as the ovary terminating in lanceolate stigmas. Fruit with bloom at first, orange at maturity, subglobose or ellipsoid, 2-3 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, glabrous; calyx orange-brown, very accrescent, up to 4 cm. long, completely hiding the fruit, with tube hemispherical below, 1.5-2 cm. long and bearing 4 triangular lobes 1.5-2 cm. long, acute to acuminate transversely, undulate and with longitudinal folds, irregularly veined longitudinally; pedicel up to 5 mm. long. Seeds 7-8(-10). Fig. 3/17.
Piptadeniastrum
PIPTADENIASTRUM Brenan [family LEGUMINOSAE-MIMOSOIDEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1959) Author: J. P. M. Brenan
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A genus of single species in the forest regions of tropical Africa.
Tree, tall, unarmed. Leaves bipinnate, pinnae each with many pairs of leaflets; rhachis of leaf without glands; pinnae often alternate. Flowers small, hermaphrodite, in often aggregated, spiciform racemes. Calyx gamosepalous, 5-toothed, glabrous outside except for base. Petals 5, free, glabrous outside, separated from ovary-base by a short perigynous zone composed of stamens and disc consolidated with an apparent corolla-tube. Stamens 10, fertile; anthers each with a caducous apical gland. Ovary glabrous outside. Pods straight or somewhat curved, flattened, at maturity dehiscing along one of the sutures, the valves remaining attached along the other, neither splitting transversely nor into layers. Seeds flattened, ± oblong, brown, surrounded by a broad membranous wing; the body of the seed somewhat elongate in the direction of the length of the pod; cotyledons elongate transversely to the radicle; funicle attached at or near the middle of the seed.
IPOMOEA plebeia R. Br. [family CONVOLVULACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1963) Author: B. VERDCOURT (East African Herbarium)
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. K1, 4; T1DISTR. (of species as a whole). ,
Annual; stems twining or prostrate, patently pubescent. Leaves triangular-ovate, 4.7–7.5 cm. long, 3–4.6 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cordate at the base, sparsely pilose; petiole 1.5–5 cm. long. Flowers solitary or in 2–5-flowered cymes; peduncle about 3 mm. long; pedicels 3.5–8 mm. long. Sepals ovate-triangular, acute or acuminate at the apex, contracted or rounded below, hairy to glabrescent; outer three 4.5–6.5 mm. long, 2.5– 3.5 mm. wide, with ciliate margins; inner two linear-oblong, 4 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, less ciliate. Corolla white or with purple centre, 6–7 mm. long ;style short; stigmas purplish. Capsule ovoid, glabrous, 8.5 mm. long; fruiting sepals 8 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide. Seeds grey, subtrigonous, covered with short adpressed hairs.
[family TURNERACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1954) Author: J. Lewis
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A tropical and subtropical family with very characteristic seeds.
Herbs, shrubs or trees, usually pubescent, sometimes stellately. Leaves alternate, simple, often glandular; stipules small or absent. Flowers solitary to numerous, axillary and sometimes terminal, in racemes, panicles or cymes, regular, hermaphrodite, sometimes heterostylous. Calyx 5-merous, connate at least near the base, lobes imbricate in aestivation (2 wholly inside, 2 wholly outside). Petals (contorted in aestivation) and stamens 5, both adnate to the calyx-tube forming an hypanthium (see Fig. 1, p. 3) which may be very short (0.25 mm.). Filaments often flattened or narrowly winged; anthers introrse, dorsifixed, 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary superior, unilocular; placentae usually parietal and pluriovulate, rarely basal and uniovulate (Stapfiella only); ovules anatropous. Styles 3; stigmas apically divided (at least in our species), usually fimbriate or laciniate. Fruit a 3-valved capsule. Seeds arillate; aril dry (in our species a unilateral scarious membrane); testa hard, either with a raised rectangular network, the spaces of which form longitudinal lines of contiguous pits, or longitudinally striate-submuricate (Stapfiella only).
XYRIS kornasiana Brylska & Lisowski [family XYRIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1999) Author: J. M. Lock, M.A., Ph.D.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. T 4, 8
Perennial herb (but see note below), loosely caespitose. Leaves up to 30 cm. long, 2 mm. wide; sheaths about half as long as the lamina, brown, strongly rugulose to scabrid, margins thin, smooth, scarious, entire, gradually narrowing upwards; ligule short; lamina linear, flattened, 2-ridged, glabrous, strongly reticulate- rugulose throughout; apex acuminate-incurved. Peduncles 35–60 cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, terete, grooved longitudinally, rugulose when dry; sheaths a little shorter than the leaves, smooth and brown below, greenish and rugulose above with a short terminal blade; spike ellipsoid, acute, whitish, up to 2 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter; sterile bracts membranous, whitish with a pale brownish central region, the outer 2–3 narrowly ovate, acute, up to 20 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, the inner up to 13 mm. long, 5 mm. wide; fertile bracts 18–28, ovate, acute, membranous, whitish. Lateral sepals curved, boat-shaped, acuminate, 8 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, keel entire; corolla yellow to orange, the tube 1–1.5 mm. long, the lobes obovate, ± 3.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–2.2 mm. wide. Stamens 3–3.5 mm. long; staminodes 2.8–3 mm. long, bifid with tufts of yellow hairs 1.5 mm. long at the apices. Ovary ellipsoid, 1–2 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. in diameter, style 2.5–3.5 mm. long, trifid above the middle. Capsule ellipsoid, ± 5 mm. long. Seeds ellipsoid, ± 0.5 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with 14–15 longitudinal ridges. Fig. 1/1.
Lepisorus
LEPISORUS (J. Sm.) Ching [family POLYPODIACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2001) Author: B. Verdcourt, B.Sc., Ph.D.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A genus of about 30 species, widespread in the tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World extending north to the far east of Russia and one species in Hawaii.
Epiphytic, terrestrial or on rocks. Rhizome short- to long-creeping with ovate to lanceolate or linear clathrate entire or toothed scales and close to spaced fronds, often with a wax-like covering. Fronds simple, lanceolate to linear, entire, ± shortly stipitate, the stipe glabrous or rarely scaly, ± thin to ± coriaceous, sometimes bearing clathrate scales; veins anastomosing, the areoles irregular with many free included veinlets. Sori round, oblong or elongate, in one series on both sides of the midrib or sometimes submarginal, often somewhat to strongly embossed, rarely confluent; paraphyses peltate, conspicuous in young sori.
BOLBITIS gemmifera (Hieron.) C.Chr. [family LOMARIOPSIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2002) Author: JOHN T. MICKEL
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 2–4; T 3, 4, 6–8
Rhizome short-creeping, 4–7 mm diameter; rhizome scales deltate-lanceolate, 3–4 mm long, opaque to subclathrate, dark brown to black, margin subentire with irregular small teeth; fronds ± 1 cm distant, 20–95 cm long; stipe 1/3–1/2 the sterile frond length, light to medium brown, with scales at base, glabrous distally. Sterile blade 25–36 cm long, 17–30 cm wide; pinnae in (4–)7–9(–12) pairs, 10–18 cm long, 2–4.4 cm wide, distal pinnae not adnate, apical pinna conform, with bud at base; lower pinnae stalked, stalk 1–10 mm, entire to shallowly lobed; veins netted with very few included veinlets recurrent and excurrent. Fertile fronds nearly equalling the sterile in length; stipe 1/3–2/3 the fertile frond length; pinnae 5–8.6 cm long, 0.8–1.2 cm wide; bud occasionally at base of terminal pinnae; sori acrostichoid. Fig. 2/1–4 (page 5).
Sebaea
SEBAEA R. Br. [family GENTIANACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2002) Author: SILESHI NEMOMISSA
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A genus of ± 60 species, widespread throughout tropical Africa and Madagascar with two species in Australia and New Zealand and one in Asia. The genus has a high concentration of species in southern Africa.
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely parasitic or saprophytic. Stem erect or procumbent, simple or branched from the base, usually 4-angled, angles smooth, winged or not; sometimes with highly congested internodes. Leaves well developed or extremely reduced and scale-like (in saprophytic and parasitic taxa), opposite, sessile, shortly petiolate or amplexicaul. Inflorescences terminal, flowers solitary or cymose, sometimes dichotomously or dichasially branched. Flowers pedicellate, 4–5-merous, sometimes heterostylous, regular. Calyx lobes free to the base or sometimes forming a short tube, linear-lanceolate to ovate or obovate, dorsally winged; wings scabrid-denticulate, acute. Corolla contorted in bud; tube funnel-shaped or cylindric; lobes ovate, obovate or elliptic. Filaments inserted on the corolla tube or in the sinuses of the corolla lobes; anthers often oblong, exserted or included, with or without 1 stipitate apical and two minute basal glands. Ovary ovoid or obovoid or ± globose, bilocular; style exserted or included, often with swelling (secondary stigma) at the base or middle of its length, or long or short in the same taxon; stigma capitate or clavate, bilobed or entire. Capsule ovoid or obovoid, membranous or coriaceous, bivalved, dehiscence septicidal. Seeds minute, numerous, surface pitted, ± slightly reticulate or with ridge-like outgrowths.
CRYPTOSEPALUM exfoliatum De Wild. [family LEGUMINOSAE-CAESALPINIOIDEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1967) Author: J. P. M. Brenan
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. (of species as a whole). T4
Shrub or tree 0.2–18(–30) m. high, sometimes suffruticose, but then branched above or at least with several often clustered lateral inflorescences, and with stems apparently persisting for at least 2 seasons; bark grey to brown. Leaves with rhachis 1.5–9.5 cm. long; leaflets in 2–11 pairs, ± asymmetrically oblong to elliptic, 0.5–7.2 cm. long, 0.15–3.3 cm. wide, emarginate or rounded to subacute at apex, asymmetric at base, glabrous or subglabrous to ± pubescent beneath or even somewhat so above. Racemes terminal or lateral, solitary or clustered up to 3 together, 2–10 cm. long, glabrous or subglabrous or pubescent. Flowers white or pale pink, sweetly scented. Bracteoles elliptic, ± 5–8 mm. long and 3–6 mm. wide. Sepals 1–4, triangular, up to ± 2 mm. long. Petals 1(–2), 5–10 mm. long. Stamens 3. Pods 4.5–6 cm. long, 2–2.5 cm. wide. Seeds ± 1.3–1.5 cm. long and 0.8–1 cm. wide.
Zygophlebia devoluta (Baker) Parris [family GRAMMITIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2005) Author: B. S. Parris
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
T 3, 6, 7
Rhizome short-creeping, not branched. Stipes 0.1– 1.1 mm apart in each row; scales narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2.2– 6.7 mm long, 0.3– 0.5 mm wide. Stipe 12– 93 mm long, with simple eglandular hairs 0.9– 3.4 mm long. Lamina narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate in outline, 62– 169 mm long, 15– 27 mm wide, apex bluntly acute, ± truncate to attenuate at base, pinnate or deeply pinnately divided to a distance 0.1– 0.6 mm from the midrib, pinnae 14– 47 pairs and 1– 4 pairs of apical lobes, lowest pair of pinnae sometimes reduced to auricles, usually 2 mm or more long, longest pinnae 6– 15 mm long, 2– 5 mm wide, narrowly oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, bluntly acute to obtuse at apex; with simple eglandular hairs 0.8– 3.7 mm on both surfaces of lamina and on margin, and translucent 1– 2-forked catenate glandular hairs 0.1– 0.2 mm as receptacular paraphyses; lateral vein branchlets free, or branchlets of the same vein branch sometimes anastomosing at apex near margin. Sori on 12– 37 pairs of pinnae, in apical 1/3 to ± throughout lamina including basal pair of pinnae, 1– 9 in each row on longest pinnae, apical 1/5 to ± throughout pinnae, midway between pinna mid– vein and margin. Fig. 5/5– 5/9.
Lellingeria paucipinnata Parris [family GRAMMITIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2005) Author: B. S. Parris
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
T 2 not known elsewhere. See Note below.
Rhizome short-creeping, stipes ± 0.1 mm apart in each row. Stipe 5– 6 mm long with 1-forkedcatenate hairs. Lamina linear-oblanceolate to linear-elliptic in outline, ± 40 mm long, 2– 3 mm wide, bluntly acute to obtuse at apex, long-attenuate at base, pinnate at base or basal 1/3 divided to a distance 0.1– 0.2 mm from the midrib, apical 2/3 ± entire, pinnae 1– 3 pairs and 3– 5 pairs of apical lobes,, longest pinnae ± 1 mm long, 1– 2 mm wide, broadly triangular, bluntly acute to obtuse, with catenate 1– 2-forked hairs with simple eglandular branches and glandular apex sparse to scattered on both surfaces of lamina and rachis; lateral veins simple, free, each vein ending marked by an elongate hydathode on adaxial surface of lamina. Sori in ± entire apical 2/3 of lamina, not on pinnae, 18 in each row. Fig. 2/6– 2/8.
Striga baumannii Engl. [family SCROPHULARIACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: S.A. GHAZANFAR, F.N. HEPPER & D. PHILCOX
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 4; K 3 Mali to Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Congo-Kinshasa
Erect, glabrous perennial with stout base and fleshy roots; stems 30–90 cm high, erect, branched above, glaucous. Leaves reduced to scales clasping stems, nodes 1–4 cm apart. Inflorescences slender, up to 20 cm long with numerous pairs of flowers appressed to stem; bracts lanceolate, shorter than calyx, bracteoles subulate. Calyx narrowly tubular, 15–veined, ± 7 mm long; teeth 2 mm long, glabrous, ligneous. Corolla dull yellow (maroon fide U.K.W.F.), glabrous; tube slightly longer than calyx, curved, expanding above, 2-lipped, 5-lobed; lobes 1–2 mm long, recurved (in dry state), acute; style 3 mm long, pubescent. Capsule oblong, ± 6 mm long, ± 1.5 mm wide.
CASSIA senna var. senna [family LEGUMINOSAE-CAESALPINIOIDEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1967) Author: J. P. M. Brenan
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. K7 in the N. extending from the central Sahara (Silet) eastwards to Arabia and India, southwards in Africa to the Sudan Republic, Eritrea, French Somaliland, Somali Republic (N.) and (? introduced) in Mozambiquie
Leaflets mostly narrowed to an acute or subacute apex, with a distinct slender mucro 0.5–1 mm. long. Pedicels glabrous to sparingly pubescent. Pods sparingly puberulous or pubescent.
ECHINOCHLOA crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. [family POACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 451, (1982) Author: W. D. CLAYTON and S.A. RENVOIZE
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U4; T6 warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world, extending into the tropics (but scarcely so in Africa)
Coarse annual; culms 25–100 cm. high, erect or spreading. Leaf-blades 7–35 cm. long, 4–20 mm. wide; ligule absent; sheaths glabrous, rarely appressed hairy. Inflorescence linear to ovate, 6–22 cm. long, the racemes untidily 2–several-rowed, the longest 2–10 cm. long usually with short secondary branchlets at the base. Spikelets ovate-elliptic, mostly 3–4 mm. long, hispid; lower floret barren, acuminate or with an awn up to 5 cm. long; upper lemma 2–3 mm. long, including the short herbaceous tip.
Ipomoea grantii Oliv. [family CONVOLVULACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1963) Author: B. VERDCOURT (East African Herbarium)
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U2, 4; T1, 4 not known elsewhere
Stout liane; stems angular, pubescent or glabrescent, twining, up to 9 m. long. Leaf-blade ovate, slightly cordate, entire or slightly lobed to deeply pinnately or subpalmately divided into 5–11 lobes, 7.5–16 cm. long, 7.5–14(–30) cm. wide, green and glabrous above, with mottled white pubescence below, mainly on the veins, strongly bullate; lobes oblong, up to 8 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide; petiole 5–7.5 cm. long. Flowers several in a lax cyme; peduncles 1–2 cm. long; pedicels about 1.6 cm. long. Sepals suborbicular, truncate at the apex, finely white-tomentose or rarely glabrescent, 1.3–2 cm. long, 0.9–1.1 cm. wide. Corolla red-purple or crimson, funnel-shaped, the tube not at all slender, 7–7.5(–9) cm. long, hairy outside when in bud, later glabrescent (Fig. 22/9, p. 102). Capsule not seen.
Harveya sp. a
Harveya sp. A [family SCROPHULARIACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: S.A. GHAZANFAR, F.N. HEPPER & D. PHILCOX
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. K 4 not known elsewhere
Annual, white parasitic ?perennial, drying black; stems simple, erect, 8–20 cm high, sparsely glandular-pubescent. Leaves (bracts) fleshy, brittle when fresh, opposite, broadly ovate, 2–23 long, 15–16 mm wide, base cuneate, apex subacute, minutely glandular-pubescent. Flowers white, in racemes, solitary in the axils of leafy bracts; bracteoles 1 or 2 or absent, attached halfway on the pedicel, oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate; pedicels thick and fleshy, 7–10 mm long, glandular-pubescent. Calyx tubular to campanulate, 18–23(–25) mm, obscurely 5-angled, unequally 5-lobed; lobes triangular, ± 5 mm, acute. Corolla white with yellow throat, 40–45 mm long (incl. lobes); tube narrow below, expanding above, 30–33 mm, densely glandular-pubescent ouside and inside; lobes rounded, 7–11 mm, reflexed. Filaments white, 10–12.5 mm, attached where corolla tube becomes narrow, glandular. Ovary globose, ± 5 long, ± 4.5 mm wide; style longer than the corolla tube, bent downwards at the apex; stigma clavate. Capsule subrotund, ± 10 mm long, ± 9 mm in diameter, glabrous. Seeds oblong, ± 5 mm, reticulate.
Thunbergia
THUNBERGIA Bremekamp Subgen. Thamnidium [family ACANTHACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2008) Author: Kaj Vollesen
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
Erect shrubby herb. Stems glabrous or with simple hairs. Leaves with palmate venation. Bracteoles connate, glabrous or with simple hairs. Calyx a shallowly lobed rim with broadly triangular lobes. Corolla with scattered capitate glands; tube short, cylindric; throat long, campanulate. Stamens didynamous; anthers oblong, one theca distinctly longer than the other, apiculate at apex, all thecae at base with 1–2 straight sometimes bifurcate bristles otherwise glabrous. Stigma included, with erect curved lobes forming a funnel. Capsule triangular, narrowing gradually into the beak, minutely puberulous. Seed tuberculate.
Christella chaseana (Schelpe) Holttum [family THELYPTERIDACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2006) Author: BERNARD VERDCOURT
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 2; K 3, 4?, 7; T 2, 4, 7, 8
Rhizome creeping, with brown lanceolate acuminate entire slightly pilose scales up to 11 mm long. Fronds spaced up to 1 cm apart, 0.35–1.5 m tall. Stipe pale brown 30–63 cm long, glabrous. Lamina narrowly elliptic to lanceolate in outline, deeply bipinnatifid, 30–70 cm long, 15–40 cm wide, acuminate with a deeply pinnatifid terminal segment; sometimes up to 3 pairs of basal pinnae reduced and deflexed; middle pinnae narrowly oblong, 8–20 cm long, 1.8–2.3 cm wide, acuminate, pinnatifid into narrowly oblong lobes 5–10 mm long, 2–3.5 mm wide, sometimes falcate, obtuse; veins entirely free or contiguous, meeting in the sinus membrane, occasionally ± anastomosing. Indusia conspicuous, usually with dense long white hairs.
BOERHAVIA coccinea Mill. [family NYCTAGINACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (1996) Author: CHRISTOPHER WHITEHOUSE
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U 1; K 1–7; T 1–8; Z; P pantropical weed
Annual or perennial, prostrate, ascending or erect herb up to 1 m., sometimes with a thick taproot. Stems fleshy, woody towards the base, sparsely pubescent to densely covered with long septate hairs, the nodes swollen. Leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, up to 5.5×5.5 cm., green above, pale green to greyish white beneath, sometimes tinged purple or spotted red, often pubescent on both surfaces and sometimes with long septate hairs, the base truncate to cuneate, the apex rounded to acute. Inflorescences both axillary and terminal, simple and aggregated, (3–)5–7(–14)-flowered cymes; branches densely pubescent to sparingly minutely puberulous, never glabrous; axillary peduncles (1–)1.5–4.5 cm. long. Perianth 1.5–3.5 mm. long; upper portion pale pink to purple, rarely white, 1–1.5 mm. long. Stamens 2–3, slightly exserted. Ovary ± 0.5 mm.; style slightly exserted. Anthocarp obovoid to ellipsoid, 3–4×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, glandular-pubescent. Fig. 1/6.
HYPARRHENIA schimperi (A. Rich.) Stapf [family POACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 451, (1982) Author: W. D. CLAYTON and S.A. RENVOIZE
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. U1, 3; K3, 4, 6; T2–7 eastern Africa and Ethiopia to Natal
Robust perennial, forming coarse tufts from a short rhizome; culms 2–4 m. high, up to 8 mm. in diameter, often supported by stilt roots. Leaf-blades up to 60 cm. long, 2 cm. wide. False panicle large, dense, 30–60 cm. long; spatheoles narrowly lanceolate, 2.2–3.2 cm. long, russet-brown, the peduncles up to 1/2 as long(7–15 mm.); racemes 1.2–1.6 cm. long, 6–8-awned per pair (this being the maximum number in a given panicle), at length deflexed; raceme-bases subequal, the upper 0.5–1.5 mm. long, flattened to subterete, stiffly bearded, with a scarious lobe up to 0.6 mm. long at its tip. Homogamous pairs 1 at the base of the lower raceme only. Sessile spikelet 4–6 mm. long, glabrescent to sparsely pubescent; callus cuneate, 0.5–0.8 mm. long, narrowly obtuse to acute; awn 2–3.3 cm. long. Pedicelled spikelet glabrous to shortly and sparsely pilose with, or sometimes without, an awn-point up to 6 mm. long.
Dracaena angustifolia Roxb. [family DRACAENACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2007) Author: Geoffrey Mwachala & Paul Mbugua
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
A weak, much-branched shrub with sessile linear leaves in dense rosettes, 15–25(–49) cm long, 1–3.5 cm wide. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, usually with only one order of branching; pedicels 0.5–1 cm long, articulated above the middle; perianth greenish white, 1.8–2 cm long.
Polygala gossweileri Exell [family POLYGALACEAE]
Flora of Tropical East Africa, page 1, (2007) Author: JORGE PAIVA
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K)
Reference Sources
DISTR. T 8
Perennial herb sending up annual shoots up to 15 cm long from a woody rootstock and forming tufts. Stems erect or decumbent, slender, striate, glabrous. Leaves alternate, subsessile, linear, 5–20≈0.5–1 mm, acute, with a needle-like point, base cuneate, margin revolute, glabrous. Flowers blue, solitary or in a lateral simple few-flowered raceme, up to 1.5 cm long; rachis glabrous; bracts linear, 0.5 mm long, caducous; bracteoles linear, ± 0.2 mm long, caducous; pedicels 5–9 mm, glabrous. Posterior sepal keel-shaped, 2.2≈1.5 mm, ciliolate; wing sepals obliquely elliptic, 4.5–5≈2.5–3 mm, acute, 3–5-veined from the base, ciliolate; anterior sepals keel-shaped, 1.7–2≈1.5 mm, ciliolate, connate. Upper petals obliquely obovate, 4–4.5≈3–3.5 mm; carina 5–5.2≈2.5–2.8 mm; crest 1.5 mm long, bilobed. Stamens 6 fertile with 2 staminodes. Capsule oblong-elliptic in outline, 2.5–3≈2–2.5 mm, narrowly winged, glabrous. Seeds ellipsoid, 2–2.2≈0.7–1 mm, with white-sericeous hairs; caruncle asymmetrically kidney-shaped, 0.7 mm long, hairy, appendages scarcely developed.
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