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Information Deciduous tree 2.7–21(–40) m tall, rarely a shrub, producing a clear hard gum; bole to 1 m in diameter, bark smooth and grey, often powdered with white dust and flaking in large plates, so variegated with white and red; slash orange or pink, sapwood white, exudate slight, watery; ultimate branchlets 9–18 mm thick, purplish grey; bud-scales triangular, 7–12 mm long, 3.5–7 mm wide. Leaf-blade orbicular in outline, strongly 5-lobed, 8–36 cm long, 10–34 cm wide, the lobes triangular–acuminate, subequal, the apical lobe 4.5–13 cm long, 3.5–10.5 cm wide, base deeply cordate, edges of the sinus overlapping, sinus 2–5 cm long, glabrous to subscabrid with sparse stellate and simple hairs above (densely tomentose when young), softly tomentose with sparse to very dense, fine stellate hairs beneath; petiole terete, 6–18 mm long, 2–4 mm wide, tomentose to pilose with a mixture of fine, small stellate and simple hairs with large, stout, pointed hairs filled with yellowish gum; stipules caducous. Inflorescence usually borne with the leaves, 3–8 per stem, each 15–32 cm long, 6–11 cm wide, indumentum sticky, as petiole, the fluid often exuded, the hairs appearing capitate; peduncle with numerous branches, 1.5–5(–7) mm thick at base, lowest branch 3–11 cm from the base, 7–12 cm long, with 7–9 partial peduncles, each (3–)5(–7)-flowered; bracts caducous, elliptic and acuminate, 3–7 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, velutinous; pedicels 1.5–5 mm long. Flowers with perianth pale or yellowish green, sweetly scented, campanulate, 3–4 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, (4–)5 triangular teeth each 1 mm long and wide, sometimes slightly reflexed, indumentum as inflorescence outside, inside largely of stout simple hairs. Male flowers with androphore ± 1.5 mm long. Fruit often with all 5 follicles developed, each cylindrical, 4.5–8.2 cm long, 1–1.3 cm wide, with a rostrum 0.3–1.6 cm long and a basal stipe 1.7–2.5 cm long, thickly tomentose, yellow-brown, sticky and fragrant; when dehisced 2.5–3 cm wide, revealing a mauve, tomentose inner surface; seeds ellipsoid, 7 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. Fig. 1/5, 11, p. 6.

Information Small tree, or occasionally reaching 25 m. tall; bark smooth and peeling off in flakes, silvery or pale in the inner layers; branches thick and stiff. Leaves at the ends of the branches; lamina up to 40 × 40 cm., very broadly cordate-ovate, with 3–5 (7) usually acuminate lobes, greyish-tomentose below, less so above; petiole up to 27 cm. long, harshly tomentose. Flowers appearing with the young leaves in terminal ample many-flowered panicles 9–30 cm. long; branches of inflorescence tomentose or tomentellous and glandular; bracteoles 5–6 mm. long, caducous, lanceolate, tomentellous, glandular. Calyx c. 4 × 3·5 mm., greenish, campanulate, 5-lobed about 1/3 of the way down, tomentellous outside and inside. Male flower: stamens many, in a capitate-globose cluster on a slender glabrous androphore c. 2 mm. long. Female flower: ovary ovoid, tomentellous; style c. 1 mm. long, glabrous; vestigial stamens in three clusters of about 3 on short filaments 1/3 the length of the ovary; gynophore c. 0·5 mm. long, glabrous. Follicles 3–5, up to 6 × 3 cm., held rather erect, on tomentellous stipes c. 1 cm. long, ovoid, shortly apiculate or acute, brown-tomentellous outside. Seeds several per follicle, c. 8 × 6 mm., oblong-ellipsoid; testa blackish; aril small.

Information Tree 10–16 m. tall; young branches glabrous, with greyish bark. Leaves collected at the ends of the stems; lamina up to 14 × 9·5 cm., entire, obovate-oblong, apex rounded or acuminate, base slightly cordate and 5–7-nerved, sparsely appressed-stellate-pubescent above, a little more densely so beneath, not discolorous; nerves and midrib prominent below, venation prominent and laxly reticulate; petiole c. 5 cm. long, thinly pubescent. Flowers appearing before the leaves in narrowly pyramidal panicles 4–8 cm. long at the ends of the branches; branches of inflorescence densely purple-tomentose. Calyx 5–6 mm. long, campanulate, lobed to half-way or a little more into 5 deltoid reflexed lobes, with both pale and deep purple stellate hairs outside, inside densely pubescent with short simple somewhat stellate hairs mixed with subsessile glandular hairs. Male flower: stamens 10, in a capitate-globose cluster on a glabrous androphore c. 2 mm. long. Female flower: ovary ovoid, tomentose, with a ring of vestigial anthers at its base, on a glabrous gynophore c. 0·5 mm. long; style 1 mm. long, tomentose; stigmas recurved. Follicles c. 5, 2·5 × 2 cm., ovoid, tomentellous outside, scarcely apiculate, on stipes 2–3 mm. long. Seeds not seen.

Information Deciduous tree 12–40 m tall; bole straight, bark smooth, pale grey or greenish yellow or white, usually with short buttresses up to 20 m high, slash white; ultimate branchlets strongly longitudinally ridged, (3–)5–8(–18) mm thick, pale brown or grey brown, glabrous except the rusty, thickly woolly apex; bud-scales triangular, ± 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, rusty and scurfy when young. Leaf-blade ± orbicular in outline, shallowly (3–5–)7–lobed, 10–24 cm long, 7–19 cm wide, lobes widely based, acuminate, apical lobe 4–9 cm long, 5.5–11.5 cm wide, lateral lobes much smaller, 0.5–3.7 cm long, base deeply cordate, sinus 1.5–6 cm deep, edges never overlapping, glabrous above and below when adult, young leaves scurfy with dense rusty tomentum; petiole terete, sometimes slightly swollen at base and tip, 5.5–15.5 cm long, (0.7–)1–2 mm wide, glabrous when mature, scurfily brown-tomentose when young; stipules caducous. Inflorescence usually borne with the leaves, 1–14 per stem, each 4–11 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, thickly covered in yellow-brown stellate hairs; bearing 6–9 short branches, the lowest 2–22 mm from the base, 4–28 mm long, bearing 1–3(–5) flowers; pedicels 2(–12) mm long; 3 bracts at apex of pedicel, whorled, equal, subvalvate, calyx-like, elliptic, 7 mm long, 3 mm wide, velutinous, outer surface brown, inner purple grey. Flowers yellowish, perianth widely campanulate, 12–14 mm long, 18–23 mm wide, divided into 5 elliptic lobes, 6–8 mm long, 4–6.5 mm wide, indumentum as inflorescence, rusty yellow-brown, with stellate hairs, texture felty. Fruit with undehisced follicles ellipsoid, (5–)7–9 cm long, 3.5–6 cm wide, suture thickened, rostrum short and blunt, 3–5 mm long, stipe absent or very short and stout, 0–7 mm long, surface subscabrid with rusty brown dense stellate tomentum, pericarp woody, 2.5 mm thick increasing to 10 mm thick at the suture; follicle only opening slightly at dehiscence, inner surface glabrous, white, perhaps pulpy at maturity; seeds large, pale yellow, rounded oblong, 15–21 mm long, 10–13 mm wide, hilum ± rounded, 4–5 mm wide, white, lacking an aril, dangling from the fruit on a white thread 1–2 cm long. Fig. 1/2, 8, p. 6.

Information Flowers unisexual or polygamous. Calyx 4–5-cleft or -parted, often coloured. Petals 0. Column bearing 10–15 anthers in a capitate head. Ovary 5-celled, each cell with 2–8 ovules. Styles consolidated; stigmas 5-lobed. Ripe carpels separate, spreading, woody or leathery, ultimately splitting longitudinally, at other times thinner, membranous or subfoliaceous, opening very early. Seeds 1 or several. Albumen splitting into 2 segments, adherent to the cotyledons, and thus often assuming the appearance of the cotyledons, the latter are flat and thin; radicle directed towards the hilum or away from it. —Trees with entire or lobed leaves. Flowers in axillary or terminal panicles.