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Information Herbs, perennial, biennial, or annual, synoecious (subg. Rumex and Platypodium) or dioecious (subg. Acetosa and Acetosella), occasionally polygamomonoecious, with taproots and usually short caudex, or sometimes rhizomatous and/or stoloniferous. Stems erect, ascending, or prostrate, glabrous or papillose-pubescent. Leaves basal (in some species) and cauline, alternate, petiolate; ocrea persistent or partially deciduous, membranous; petioles present on basal and proximal cauline leaves, absent on distal cauline leaves, bases not articulated; blades variable in shape, basal (if present) and proximal cauline leaves from broadly ovate or almost orbiculate to linear, becoming progressively smaller and narrower distally, margins entire (or basally lobate), flat, or occasionally undulate or crisped. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes terminal and axillary, paniclelike, rarely simple. Pedicels present. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, (1–)4–30 per ocreate fascicle, base stipelike; perianth green, pinkish, or red, campanulate, glabrous; tepals (5–)6, connate proximally, sepaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 remaining small, inner 3 usually enlarging, sometimes 1–3 with central vein transformed into tuberculate callosity (tubercle); stamens 6; filaments distinct, free, glabrous; anthers, yellow to brownish yellow, ovate to elongate; styles 3, spreading or reflexed, distinct; stigmas 3, fimbriate or plumose. Achenes included in accrescent and usually veiny perianth, tan to dark brown, unwinged to weakly winged, 3-gonous, sometimes compressed-3-gonous or nearly pyramidal, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight. x = 7, 8, 9, 10 (polyploidy widespread in the genus).

Information Plants perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. Stems ascending or decumbent, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 40–70 cm. Leaf blades lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, 5–10(–15) × 2–3(–4) cm, usually ca. 3–4 times as long as wide, widest in proximal 1/2, rarely near middle, thick, often subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, flat, apex acute or attenuate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, rather dense or interrupted in proximal 1/2, usually narrowly paniculate (branches simple and comparatively short). Pedicels articulated in proximal 1/2 almost near base, thickish, 3–6(–7) mm, usually approximately as long as or slightly shorter than inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen. Flowers 12–20 in whorls; inner tepals ovate or cordate-triangular, occasionally almost orbiculate, 5–6 × 4–5 mm, base truncate or indistinctly cordate, margins entire, apex obtuse or subacute; tubercles absent or 1 inner tepal with indistinctly swollen midvein. Achenes brown, 2.7–3.2 × 1.8–2.5 mm. 2n = 20.

Information Plants perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. Stems erect, rarely ascending, usually pro-ducing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 50–90(–120) cm. Leaf blades ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 10–15 × 3–5.5 cm, usually ca. 2.5–4 times as long as wide, widest in proximal 1/2, thick, often subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate, rarely almost rounded, margins entire, flat, apex acute or attenuate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, rather dense, normally broadly paniculate. Pedicels articulated in proximal 1/3, sometimes almost near base, thick, (2–)3–7(–8) mm, usually approximately as long as inner tepals, occasionally slightly longer or shorter, articulation swollen. Flowers 12–20 in whorls; inner tepals with broadly triangular, ovate-triangular, or broadly ovate-deltoid, 4.5–6 × 3–4.5(–5) mm, base truncate or indistinctly cordate, margins entire, apex acute; tubercles (2–)3, equal or subequal, glabrous or minutely rugose. Achenes brown or dark reddish brown, 2.5–3.5 × 1.8–2.3 mm. 2n = 20.

Information Plants not developing basal rosette of leaves, sometimes with long-creeping rhizomes. Stems erect, ascending, procumbent, or decumbent, normally with regular, leafy axillary shoots that tend to develop 2d-order axillary inflorescences (often overtopping 1st-order ones). Leaf blades mostly lanceolate, elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, base cuneate, or in some species broadly cuneate, rounded, truncate-cuneate, or indistinctly cordate. Inner tepals with margins entire, rarely minutely erose-denticulate.

Information Plants perennial, glabrous, with creeping rhizomes. Stems ascend-ing or erect, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 50–90 cm. Leaf blades ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lance-olate, or lanceolate, 10–15 × 3–5.5 cm, usually 2.5–3.5 times as long as wide, widest in proximal 1/3, thick, usually not coriaceous, base broadly cuneate, truncate, or rounded, margins entire, flat or slightly undulate-crisped, apex acute or attenuate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/2 of stem, dense, narrowly to broadly paniculate (branches usually simple). Pedicels articulated in proximal 1/3, thin but slightly thickened distally, (2–)3–7(–8) mm, usually as long as or shorter than inner tepals, articulation slightly swollen. Flowers 12–20 in whorls; inner tepals broadly cordate or broadly ovate-deltoid, 7–10 × 8–12 mm, base deeply and broadly cordate, margins entire, apex acuminate; tubercles 3, equal or subequal, usually minutely to distinctly rugose. Achenes brown or dark reddish brown, 2.5–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm. 2n = 20.