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Information Herbs, rhizomatous, stoloniferous or not; caudex not cormlike, usually with persistent leaf bases. Flowering stems ascending or erect, leafy or leafless, (2–)6–55(–65) cm, subglabrous or short to long stipitate-glandular. Leaves in basal rosette and cauline; cauline leaves absent or 1–3, alternate or opposite; stipules present; petiole present, sometimes absent in cauline leaves, subglabrous or stipitate-glandular; blade ovate, cordate, or reniform, usually shallowly lobed, rarely unlobed, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate to dentate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, surfaces glabrous or subglabrous to variously stipitate-glandular; venation palmate. Inflorescences racemes, terminal from axillary buds in rosette, (scapose or leafy, anthesis usually acropetalous, basipetalous in M. caulescens, not secund to weakly secund or, rarely, strongly secund), 2–60-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary, bracteolate. Flowers: hypanthium adnate ± entire length of ovary, free from ovary to 1.5 mm, green, greenish white, or greenish yellow; sepals 5, white, greenish white, greenish, yellowish green, or greenish yellow, sometimes purple tinged; petals 5, greenish, greenish yellow, whitish green, or white, sometimes pink or purple tinged, (claw slender); nectariferous tissue proximal to stamens absent or obscure; stamens 5 or 10, opposite or alternate with sepals; filaments filiform; ovary nearly superior to nearly completely inferior, 1-locular, (2-lobed), carpels connate ± entire length, (equal); placentation parietal; styles 2; stigmas 2. Capsules obscurely 2-beaked, (dehiscent by adaxial sutures on free, lobed portion, dehiscent fruit sometimes appearing almost circumscissile). Seeds (4–40), reddish purple, dark reddish brown, or blackish, shiny, ellipsoid to ovoid, nearly smooth or pitted. x = 7.

Information Plants usually stoloniferous. Flowering stems 13–45 cm. Leaves: petiole 1.5–14 cm, short stipitate-glandular and, usually, long stipitate-glandular, longer hairs spreading to retrorse, white; blade broadly cordate to broadly ovate, ± as long as wide, 1.2–6.5(–8.5) × 1.4–7(–8.2) cm, margins 3-, 5-, or 7-lobed, crenate-dentate, irregularly ciliate, apex of terminal lobe acute to obtuse, surfaces short stipitate-glandular and sparsely long stipitate-glandular; cauline leaves 1–3, proximal or mid cauline, alternate, sessile or petiolate, blade 0.3–4.3(–6) × 0.4–4.4(–7) cm. Inflorescences 1–2(–4), remotely 5–25-flowered, 1(–2) flowers per node, (anthesis basipetalous), not secund, 13–45 cm, short stipitate-glandular and sparsely long stipitate-glandular proximally, short stipitate-glandular distally. Pedicels 2–8 mm, short stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium broadly campanulate, 1.5–2 × 3–5.5 mm; sepals spreading or recurved, greenish, deltate-ovate, 0.9–1.5 × 1.4–2 mm; petals whitish green or greenish, sometimes purple tinged proximally, 5–9-lobed, 3–4 mm, lobes linear, lateral lobes spreading; stamens 5, opposite sepals; filaments usually purple proximally and white distally, sometimes entirely white, 0.6–0.9 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm; ovary 1/2 inferior; styles erect or spreading, cylindric, 0.8–1.1 mm; stigmas unlobed. Seeds reddish purple or dark reddish brown, 0.7–1 mm, pitted. 2n = 14.

Information Leaves: stipules sheathing, greenish, ca. 5 mm, mem-branous; petiole 3–30 cm; blade 3.5–10 cm, ultimate margins ciliate. Inflorescences 40–90 cm, densely stipitate-glandular or glandular-hispid; bracts subtending pedicels scalelike. Flowers: hypanthium campanulate to widely urceolate, 4.5–9 mm, stipitate-glandular; sepals erect, elliptic, 1–3 mm, apex acute; petals erect proximally, spreading to reflexed distally, obovate, 5–7-lobed, 3–7 mm, lobes usually linear; stamens included, 0.8–1 mm; filaments 0.5 mm; styles included, 1–1.5 mm. Capsules ovoid, 7–8 mm. Seeds 100–150, 0.8–1 mm. 2n = 14.