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Information unarmed, apetalous; leaves petiolate, oblong or obovate-oblong, obtuse or emarginate, mucronulate, coriaceous, glabrous; flowers axillary, on long peduncles, two outer sepals concave, 2 inner flat, suborbicular, mucronate; stamens 6, nectary lageniform, with a curved neck, split at the side; the mouth toothed; berry cylindrical, elongate. Branches long and smooth. Leaves 12–15 lines long, 4–5 lines wide at the tip; petioles 3 lines long. Peduncles subsolitary in the axils, somewhat racemose toward the ends of the branches, 3/4–1 inch long. Sepals equal, the outer reddish; inner petaloid, white. Torus 1 inch long; nectary 4 lines long. Fruit inch long; its stipe 4 lines.

Information Shrub, often semi-scandent, or small tree 1-4 m high; branches fairly flexible, grey to yellowy brown with prominent white lenticels, glabrous or with short, coarse hairs. Leaves elliptic to obovate, 7-42 mm long, 5-13 mm wide, dark green, thin, drying papery, often pubescent but never farinose, alternate or crowded on short side shoots, lateral veins usually visible; especially on ventral surface; petiole 2-4 mm long, pubescent on upper surface at least. Flowers solitary in axils of leaves, corymbose or racemose in appearance on side shoots; pedicels slender, glabrous to sparsely pube­scent, up to 2 cm long; buds globose in out­line. Sepals 4, free, decussate, outer sepals concave, folded laterally, equal, c. 8 X 8 mm, pale mauve or purple-flushed, glabrous to shortly pubescent, margin of inner sepals, pubescent. Petals 0. Androphore c. 2 cm long, glabrous to thinly pubescent, with basal nectary not conspicuous in open flowers, nor often persisting on young fruit, flask-shaped, with recurved neck not attached to andro­phore, mouth dentate. Stamens usually 5, 1 stamen at lower level than rest, not often persisting on mature fruit. Gynophore 5-7 mm long, thinly pubescent. Ovary cylindric, with capitate, sessile stigma. Ovules numerous, attached on two placentas. Fruit cylindric, usually 5 cm (up to 5-4 cm) long and 5 mm wide, verrucose, subtorulose, glabrous to thinly pubescent. Seeds c. 3 mm long, embedded in scarlet powdery matrix, reni-form with verrucose black to brown testa. Fig. 23 : 3.

Information Much-branched bush to c. 3 m. tall; branches straggling or occasionally scandent, farinose-papillose when very young, soon becoming glabrous and blackish. Leaves often crowded on short side-shoots; lamina 0.1–3 x 0.3–1.5 cm., oblong, oblong-elliptic or narrowly obovate, apex rounded or emarginate, often apiculate, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, papillose-farinose on both sides at first, glabrous later; petiole c. 1.5 mm. long, papillose-farinose. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves towards the apices of the short side-shoots; pedicels c. 0.5 cm. long, papillose-farinose. Sepals greenish, c. 1.2 x 0.75 cm., free or almost free, subequal, ovate-oblong, the upper and lower sepals longitudinally folded, the laterals with a keeled midrib, acute at the apex, papillose-puberulous on both sides, margins of lateral sepals pubescent. Petals 0. Androgynophore reddish, c. 3 cm. long, glabrous, shallowly declinate, with flask-shaped nectary up to 1 x 0.4 cm. adnate to its base for the greater part of the nectary’s length. Stamens 5; filaments 0.7–0.8 cm. long, glabrous; anthers 2.5 x 0.75 mm., oblong. Gynophore c. 1 cm. long, glandular-puberulous. Ovary narrowly cylindric, glandular-puberulous; ovules numerous, on two placentas; stigma sessile, capitate. Fruit dark green, up to 9 x 0.4 cm., cylindric, subtorulose, papillose-farinose when young. Seeds subglobose with a rugose dark brown testa, embedded in an orange or scarlet powdery matrix.

Information Small shrub 1–2 m. tall with stiff, greyish-brown branches, glabrous or occasionally with a short, coarse pubescence. Leaves alternate or crowded on short lateral spurs; lamina 1.2–3.5 x 0.4–1.5 cm., elliptic or oblanceolate, apex rounded or emarginate, apiculate, cuneate at the base, glabrous on both sides or sparsely pubescent; petiole up to 5 mm. long, pubescent, at least on the upper side. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves but becoming racemose in appearance on the short side shoots; pedicels up to 2 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent. Sepals c. 0.9 x 0.8 cm., very broadly ovate, subacute at the apex, subequal, the upper and lower very concave, pubescent on the margins, sometimes pubescent outside; lateral sepals pubescent on the margins. Petals 0. Androgynophore c. 2 cm. long, slightly declinate, with a basal flask-shaped nectary c. 7 x 3.5 mm. having a recurved neck and dentate mouth. Stamens 5–6, filaments c. 1 cm. long, glabrous; anthers 3 x 1.5 mm., oblong. Gynophore c. 1 cm. long, glabrous or minutely puberulous. Ovary narrowly cylindric, glabrous or minutely puberulous; ovules numerous, on 2 placentas; stigma sessile, capitate. Fruit 3–4 x 0.4 cm., narrowly cylindric, sub-torulose, minutely verrucose, many-seeded. Seeds c. 2.5 mm. in diam., sub-reniform, dark brown, with concentric rugose ridges, embedded in a bright orange or scarlet, powdery matrix.